Syn Gas, Synthetic Natural Gas SNG

Hameed Akhtar

2k10-Che-155

Synthetic Natural Gas• Synthetic natural gas, is a fuel gas that can be

produced from fossil fuels such as lignite coal or from biofuels around 85% methane,

• Syngas is an abbreviation for synthesis gas, which is a mixture comprising of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen.

• The syngas is produced by gasification of a carbon containing fuel to a gaseous product that has some heating value.

• Clean Synthesis Gas is free of acid gases.

• Clean Synthesis Gas is widely applicable.

SNG Offers

● Energy efficient biofuel production

● Second generation biofuel

● Transportation, heating and power generation fuel

● Low emissions

● Existing infrastructure

● Integration with Wind, Water Solars through Renewable Power Methane.

Low BTU Gas

• 150-300BTU/ft3 Basic Syngas Produced by air fed gasifier which contains 35-50% nitrogen, but suffices as normal industrial heating fuel

•300-500BTU/ft3 higher grade syngas produced by ooxygen fed Gasifier which requires a dedicated oxygen plant

High BTU SNG

•1000-1400BTU/ft3 this gas requires a shift reactor to upgrade the Gas

Catagories of Coal Syngas

Electricity Generation

● SNG works in existing natural gas generators and turbines

● Can provide flexible low capital cost biomass power

SNG

NH3

Gas Turbin

e

Fisher Trops

h

Syngas

Uses of Syngas

Uses of Synthetic Natural Gas

• Transportation• Electricity generation• Domestic • Industrial (Ammonia Manufacture)

Natural gas buses are widely used

● 150 units in CanadaSource: Marbek (2010)

Coal

Biomass

Wood

Misc

Sources of Syngas

Coal Gasification Technologies

• Basic Overview of gasification• Coal or other fuels• Oxidation carefully controlled• H2, CO2, CH4, other products • H2 can be purified • Ash/slag leftovers

• 3 types of gasifiers• Moving bed• Fluid Bed• Entrained Flow

• Underground Coal Gasification• Vertical wells and pathway creation• Controlled retraction injection point

Synthetic Natural Gas Across the Globe

America

• Sundrop Fuels• Rentech

Europe• Güssing• GoBiGas project

approximately 930 dry tons per day of

woody biomass. Fuel Capacity 8MW