Team IES - 2016 ASHRAE Lowdown Showdown

2016 ASHRAE LowDown Showdown Modeling Challenge

SimBuild 2016 Conference

Insane Energy Savers (IES) Team

Kent BeasonJoanne ChoiCory DugginAlexandra GramlingKen GriffinAmy JarvisShona O’DeaIgor SeryapinIrina SusorovaTristan TruyensBrian TysoeScott WestXiangjin Yang


Project description - 40,496 ft2, 3-story Outpatient Health Care facility1

- Baseline Building Modeling Specifications- Maximum 10,000 ft2 of roof area for photovoltaic or solar thermal systems.- TMY3 weather data and local utility rates (natural gas, electricity, and water)

for Omaha, Nebraska. - Carbon emissions factors from Standard 189.1-2014 (provided in the

Challenge Resource section) to calculate carbon equivalent savings.

1 LDSd building modeling requirements are based on the 90.1-2010 Outpatient Health Care reference building: www.energycodes.gov/development/commercial/90.1_models

Guidelines

http://www.energycodes.gov/development/commercial/90.1_models


Team’s Approach - Divided design/modeling tasks based on team members’ individual strengths.- Selected realistic assumptions and strategies specific for Climate Zone 5A.- Used ASHRAE resources (Advanced Energy Design Guides and ASHRAE

Research Project 1651).

The Team


Energy Metrics- Site EUI: 61.9 kBtu/ft2 - Source EUI: 194.5 kBtu/ft2

- Cost per ft2: $0.93- Annual electricity use: 2,989,983 kBtu- Annual water use: 408,373 gal- Annual cost: $42,979 + $1,859- Energy production: 3,335,310 kBtu

Project Description // Executive Summary

Northeast

SoutheastNorthwest


Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) 1. Building shape strategies based on characteristics of Climate Zone 5A and

geographic specifics of the site location (Omaha, NE)2. Envelope strategies3. Lighting/Daylighting strategies4. Natural ventilation strategies5. Plug load reduction strategies6. HVAC systems strategies7. Renewable energy generation on site

List of Measures & Strategies


Climate Analysis

Omaha, NE- Climate Zone 5A (cool-humid)- Maximum temperature 106ºF DB- Minimum temperature -22ºF DB- Predominant wind direction: SSE-NNW- Annual mean wind speed: 9.4 mph

Temp. distribution Summary metrics Wind rose (May)


a. Use Common Sense!

1. Building Shape Strategies


b. Compact Shape - Minimize building envelope exposure to reduce heating gain and loss.- Re-design floor layouts to fit the compact shape.- Locate high-internal gain spaces along north façade for passive heating in

winter.- Place auxiliary spaces (stairs, elevators, storages) along East/West facades to

serve as thermal buffer zones.



AtriumCorridors/StairsLobby/ReceptionCafeteriaOffice/Conf. roomsLoungeMedicalProcedure RoomsExam roomsMedical auxiliaryStorage/Restrooms/LockersMEP/Utilities

2nd floor - Admin


1st floor - Critical

3rd floor - Admin

c. Updated floor layout


d. Two-story Atrium - Serves as a main circulation space on the 2nd and 3rd floors.- Provides daylight and natural ventilation to perimeter zones.- Atrium skylight roof sloped at optimal angle for PV arrays placement (7.6°).



e. Glazing Placement and Area - South wall (WWR 44%): glazing for passive solar heating in winter.- North wall + Skylight (WWR 35%): glazing for daylighting.- East/West walls (WWR 12%): minimize glazing to avoid direct solar heat gain.- Total (WWR 31%).



f. Building Orientation and Shading - Develop building along East-West axis to reduce direct solar heat gains.- Rotate building -20° (NNW) for optimal wind exposure.- Floor overhangs on the south façade (7’ deep) for self-shading in summer.- External shades on the north façade to shade from evening sun from the west.


January 15th, 12 pm July 15th, 12 pm


Glazing constructionEnvelope properties selected based on ASHRAE’s Advanced Energy Design Guides and actual manufacturers’ products.- Double-pane Krypton-filled glazing with Low-e film + Fiberglass framing- Glazing thermal performance: U-0.14; SHGC-0.27; VT-0.44

2. Envelope Strategies

ecobuildingstore.ca


Opaque construction- Insulated metal panel exterior walls: R-13 cavity + R-23 cont. insulation (gel

insulation); U-0.294- Roof with R-64 cont. insulation above deck (gel insulation); U-0.015

2. Envelope Strategies

HeatingEnergy

CoolingEnergy

Heating + CoolingEnergy

387.60

316.95

704.55

Envelope Insulation (kBtuh/sf F) Energy Savings

ASHRAE Exterior Wall - 1.75" - U-Value = 0.0634Roof Insulation - 4" - U-Value = 0.0481Flooring Insulation - 9" - U-Value = 0.0375

Thermablok Aerogel InsulationExterior Wall - 1.75" - U-Value = 0.292Roof Insulation - 4" - U-Value = 0.0151Flooring Insulation - 9" - U-Value = 0.009


Lighting- LPD reduced by 75%Daylighting- All perimeter spaces- Atrium north-facing skylight- Interior clerestory windows facing atrium- Spatial daylight autonomy analysis to verify

adequate daylighting and to determine ideal VT for each orientation

3. Lighting/Daylighting Strategies

Daylight intensity (fc), Sep 21, 15:00

Sunny day


Natural Ventilation through Operable Windows- 73% operable windows- Placed in perimeter zones on the 2nd and 3rd floors, in the atrium skylight,

and the clerestory windows facing the atrium

4. Natural Ventilation

Exterior view Aug 19, 12:30Air flow (cfm)Wind speed: 4.03 mphWind direction: 245°Air temperature: 73°F

Atrium interior view Aug 16, 20:30Air flow (cfm)Wind speed: 6.38 mphWind direction: 140°Air temperature: 80°F


Plug Load Reduction - Reduce total building plug load from 1.61 W/ft2 to 1.18 W/ft2 using Building

Area Method for Medical Buildings and Clinics (Source: COMNET by New Buildings Institute)

- Energy savings of 27%

5. Other Strategies

illinoisgoc.com


Systems - Individual systems for the

Critical, OR, and Admin zones. Semi-heated stairs.

- Ventilation provided by a DOAS.

- Cooling and Heating provided by a water-cooled, ground-coupled VRV system.

- Cooling capacity: 208 tons.- Heating capacity: 630 MBH.- Efficiencies: 4.2 heating

COP / 3.5 cooling COP.

6. HVAC Strategies


Earth Tubes Designed for heat recovery ventilation of the 1st-floor system using heat exchange with the earth. Assumed constant ground temperature is 53°F, total earth tube length is 538’, cross section is 6’x 6’.

6. HVAC Strategies

Entering outdoor air temperature (°F)


Transpired Solar System Designed for heat recovery ventilation of the 2nd- and 3rd-floor systems using solar energy. Located on the south face of the atrium skylight.

6. HVAC Strategies

sbec.eu.com

Entering outdoor air temperature, Jan 4th (°F)

30°F ΔT 30°F ΔT


PV-generated Electricity - 10,000 ft2 of PV monocrystalline cells (19.6% efficiency) on the atrium roof- Parametric runs used to determine the optimal angle of inclination (34°)- Generation power: 186 kW (633 kBtu)- Annual energy generated: 273,200 kWh (932,400 kBtu/h)

7. Renewables

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec -

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

17,729 16,921

23,400 23,816

28,277 27,730 28,344 26,613

24,901

22,819

17,376 15,359

PV Generated Electricity (kWh)

theenergycollective.com


Wind-generated Electricity - Five (5) 70 kW wind turbines - Generation power: 350 kW (1,194 kBtu/h)- Annual energy generated: 704,208 kWh (2,402,857 kBtu)

7. Renewables

inerjy.com nrel.gov


Energy Use by Category

Energy Performance

- Heating: 117,855 kBtu

- Cooling: 404,916 kBtu

- Int. lighting: 664,225 kBtu

- Ext. lighting: 60,990 kBtu

- Equipment: 1,405,130 kBtu

- Fans: 179,002 kBtu

- Pumps: 32,095 kBtu

- SHW heating: 125,771 kBtu


LDSD Project Summary

Results – Questions/Comments?

Annual energy use by category (MBtu)

LDSd Results Summary Baseline ProposedTotal Energy Usage (kBtus) 7,970,901 2,989,983Site EUI (kBtu/sf) 165.1 61.9Source EUI (kBtu/sf) 355.8 194.5Annual Electricity Usage (kWh) 1,260,019 876,314Annual NG Usage (Therms) 36,717 0Annual Water Usage (Gallons) 408,373 408,373Annual Electricity Cost (US $)* $108,198 $42,979Annual NG Cost (US $) $2,804 $0Annual Water Costs (US $) $1,859 $1,859Total Annual Costs (US $)* $112,861 $44,838CPSF (US $/sf) $2.34 $0.93Total Energy Generation (kBtus) 0 3,335,310Net Zero Energy 7,970,901 (345,327)Carbon Equivalent 2,267,412 1,215,448*Does not include selling renewable energy back to the grid


Thank You – Questions/Comments?

Engineering

Team IES - 2016 ASHRAE Lowdown Showdown