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Frame color format
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:YUVhttp://forum.doom9.org/showthread.php?t=167832
YUV444 YUV422 YUV420
Video Decoding Flow
EntropyDecode
inverseQuantization
inverseTransform
Inter / IntraPrediction
coef.data
coef.data
predictedframe
residual
decodedframe
sum & postproc
referenceframe
referenceframe
referenceframe
01011000101111
pred.info.
Video Encoding Flow
EntropyEncode
Quantization Transform
Inter / IntraPrediction
coef.data
coef.data
predictedframe
residual
sourceframesubstract
referenceframe
referenceframe
referenceframe
01011000101111
pred.info.
inverseQuantization
inverseTransform
coef.data
sum & postproc
residual
key-points of Video Coding
▷ Entropy Coding▷ Coding Unit▷ Quantization▷ Transformation▷ Inter/Intra Prediction▷ Post-Processing
MPEG1/2 - DCT
http://xiph.org/~xiphmont/demo/daala/demo1.shtmlhttp://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:DCT-8x8.pnghttps://vsr.informatik.tu-chemnitz.de/~jan/MPEG/HTML/mpeg_tech.html
MPEG1/2 - Quantization
Quantization Matrix
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG-1
H.264 - integer transform
http://mrutyunjayahiremath.blogspot.tw/2010/10/frq-transformation-and-quantization.html
What are the advantages of integer transformation?
H.264 - NAL (Network Abstract Layer)
http://gentlelogic.blogspot.tw/2011/11/exploring-h264-part-2-h264-bitstream.html
HEVC - SAO
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6324411
The concept of SAO is to reduce mean sample distortion of a region by first classifying the region samples into multiple categories with selected classifier, obtaining an offset for each category, and then addig the offset to each sample of the category, where the classifier index and the offset of the region are coded in the bitstream.
Summary
▷ how to predict the frame▷ extract temporal/spatial
redundant▷ more and more fine-grained▷ new ideas/tools
Development Workflow
H.264 JM: http://iphome.hhi.de/suehring/tml/HEVC HM: http://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/
ModifiedReferenceSoftware
ProprietaryImplementation
AnalyzeTool
verificationdata
goldendata
test casesbitstreams
References
● An Overview of MPEG-2http://literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5966-1031E.pdf
● MPEG-4 natural video coding An overviewhttp://www.img.lx.it.pt/~fp/cav/Additional_material/MPEG4_video.pdf
● Overview of the H.264/AVC Video Coding Standardhttp://654lab.webstarts.com/uploads/csvt_overview.pdf
● MPEG Video Compression Basicshttp://www.springer.com/cda/content/document/cda_downloaddocument/9781441961839-c1.pdf
● http://www-i6.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/web/Misc/Coding/365/li/material/notes/Chap4/Chap4.3/Chap4.3.html● H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression, Iain E. G. Richardson● H.264 Specification
http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.264● Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=6316136● HEVC Specification
http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-H.265