INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

INBHUSHAN STEEL

SUBMITTED BY:-VINEET RAJ KHATRI

SUBMITTED TO:-

TOPICS1. Acknowledgement2. History of Bhushan steel 3. Safety4. Pickling5. Rolling6. ECL7. Annealing8. Skin Pass Mill9. Finishing10.Quality System11.GP-112.Utility13.Mechanical Maintenance14.Narrow Plant15.Electrical Maintenance

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT• I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been

possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them.

• I am highly indebted to “BHUSHAN STEEL” for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project.

• I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of “BHUSHAN STEEL” for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this project.

• I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for giving me such attention and time.

• My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

HISTORY OF BHUSHAN STEEL

INDUSTRY TYPE STEEL

FOUNDED IN 1987

HEADQUARTER NEW DELHI

CHAIRMAN Mr. BRIJ BHUSHAN SINGAL

VICE CHAIRMAN & MANAGING DIRECROR

Mr. NEERAJ SINGAL

• Bhushan Steel Limited is the largest manufacturer of auto-grade steel in India Bhushan Steel, with a large amount of debt in proportion to its equity (3.5 times more), is a highly leveraged company. The company's consolidated debt stands at ₹31,839 crore, having risen 18 per cent from a year ago. The Company is spending Rs. 260 billion to expand its capacity to 12 million tonnes annually, from the present installed capacity of around one million tonnes.

• COMPANY PROFILE • Bhushan Steel Ltd is one of the prominent players in the Indian Steel

industry. Backed with more than 27 years of experience, we are now India's 3rd largest Secondary Steel Producing Company with an existing steel production capacity of 5.6 million ton per annum.

• As one of the largest integrated steel players in India, BSL is a source for vivid variety of products such as Hot Rolled Coil,CRCA,CRFH,Galvanized Coil and Sheet,Galume Coil and Sheet,Color Coated Coils,Color Coated Tiles,High Tensile Steel Strips,Hardened & Tempered Steel Strips,Precision Tubes,HFW/ERW Pipe (API Grade),3LP Coated Pipes,Billets and Sponge Iron.

• Being amongst the prime movers of the technological revolution in Indian Cold Rolled Steel Industry, BSL has emerged as the country's largest and the only Cold Rolled Steel Plant with an independent line for manufacturing Cold Rolled Coil and Sheet up to a width of 1700mm. Along with this we also have a Galvanized Coil and Sheet line up to a width of 1350 mm.

• In addition, strengthening us to grow from pillar to pillar is our robust network of sales and marketing units across Indian continent and other countries helping us reach our global customer base.

• At Bhushan Steel, we are living tomorrow today; because the endeavor to a brighter future starts from today. In superior community building, in harnessing safety, by nurturing the environment and by adopting world-class technology for producing outstanding products, Bhushan's resilient approach to its impeccable vision makes it a global Integrated Steel producer.

SAFETY 1) ALWAYS WEAR SAFETY EQUIPMENTS LIKE HELMET AND

GLOVES2) NEVER MOVE UNDER THE CRANE3) BE CAREFULL OF THE WORKING MACHINERY4) NEVER TOUCH THE MACHINERY WITHOUT PROPER

KNOWLEDGE5) KEEP KNOWLEDGE OF THE EMERGENCY EXIT IN CASE OF ANY

ACCIDENT6) KNOW HOW TO OPERATE A FIRE EXTINGUISHER TO PUT OFF

FIRE WHEN NEEDED7) NEVER WEAR TIE IF YOU ARE WORKING ON A MACHINERY8) DO NOT WALK ON THE RAIL SET FOR TROLLEYS9) REMAIN ALERT OF THE SURROUNDINGS10)IN CASE OF ANY ACCIDENT DO NOT RUSH WHICH MAY LEAD

TO HUSTLE

PICKLINGDEFINITION:- IT IS A CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF THE METAL SHEET USED TO CLEAN ITS SURFACE. i.e. IT IS THE PROCESS OF CLEANING THE METAL SHEET BY WASHING IT BY CONC. ACID

PICKLING IS A METAL SURFACE TREATMENT USED TO REMOVE IMPURITIES,SUCH AS STAINS,INORGANIC CONTAMINATION,RUST OR SCALE FROM FERROUS METALS. A SOLUTION CALLED PICKLED LIQUID WHICH CONTAINS STRONG ACID IS USED TO REMOVE THE SURFACE IMPURITIES. IT IS GENERALLY USED TO REMOVE SURFACE IMPURITIES. IT IS COMMONLY USED TO DESCLAE OR CLEAN A STEAL IN VARIOUS STEELMAKING PROCESSES.

DIMENSIONS SPECIFICATION

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION(OL

D)

MATERIAL SPECIFICATION(NE

W)WIDTH(mm) 1700 (max) 1400(max)

THICKNESS(mm) 6(max) 6(max)

LINE SPECIFICATION

OLD NEW

SPEED 120 m/min 110 m/min

ACTIVITIES INOLVED IN PICKLIKNG ARE:-1. LOADING OF COIL2. ACID TREATMENT OF INPUT MATERIAL3. HOT WATER RINSING4. DRYING5. OILING6. RECOILING7. REMOVING OF COIL8. STRAPPING AND LABELLING9. TRANSFER OF OUTPUT MATERIAL

A. LOADING OF COIL THE INPUT MATERIAL SHOULD BE LOADED AS PER

PLANNING ON UNCOILER USING CRANE AND COIL CAR. IT SHOULD BE IN PROPER POSITION ON THE UNCOILER. PROPER HANDLING OF COIL SHOULD BE DONE TO AVOID ANY MISS HAPPENING.

B. ACID TREATMENT OF INPUT MATERIAL PICKLING TAKES PLACE IN STEEL TANK LINED WITH RUBBER

AND FITTED WITH GRANITE STONES. PICKLING TANK IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR PARTS. THE TANK NEAR THE UNCOILER IS MARKED AS TANK NO.1 AND SO ON. THE %OF ACID, IRON CONTENT AND TEMP OF ACID IN THESE FOUR TANKS SHOULD BE MAINTAINED AS MENTIONED BELOW.

TANK NO. ACID % MAX IRON CONTENT(Gm/lit

)

TEMP RANGE

OLD 1 3-5 140 70-85

2 5-10 100 70-85

3 10-14 70 70-85

4 14-18 50 70-85

NEW 1 2-6 200 70-85

2 6-11 150 70-85

3 11-18 100 70-85

TANK NO. ACID % MAX IRON CONTENT(Gm/lit

)

TEMP RANGE

OLD(SPECIAL CASE DEEP

RUSTY COIL)

1 3-6 140 70-85

2 6-11 100 70-85

3 11-16 70 70-85

4 16-22 50 70-85

NEW(SPECIAL CASE DEEP

RUSTY COIL)

1 2-7 200 70-85

2 7-12 150 70-85

3 12-20 100 70-85

C. HOT WAGTER RINSINGDISCHARGE OF WATER- IT SHOULD BE ENSURED THAT DISCHARGE OF RINSE WATER TO ETP/ARP SHOULD BE DONE PROPERLY WITHOUT ANY LEAKAGED. DRYINGE. OILINGF. RECOILINGG. REMOVING OF COILH. STRAPPING AND LABELLINGI. TRANSFER OF OUTPUT MATERIAL

ROLLINGHITACHI MILL IS USED FOR THE REDUCTION OF THICKNESS OF THE SHEETS.IT IS ALSO USED IN MAINTAINING TENSION IN THE SHEETS.HYDRAULIC LOAD IS APPLIED ON THE 6 HI ROLLERS.THE OUTER MOST ROLLER HAS THE LARGEST DIAMETER KNOWN AS BACKUP ROLLER.THE CENTER ROLLERS ARE CALLED INTERMEDIATE ROLLERS.THE ROLLER FROM WHICH THE SHEET PASSES IS CALLED THE WORK ROLL. IT HAS THE DIAMETER.

DIMENSIONS SPECIFICATION

MINIMIUM MAXIMUM

WIDTH(mm) 700 1700

THICKNESS(mm) 1.6 7.0

WEIGHT OF COIL 3.0 MT 30 MT

LINE SPECIFICATION

SPEED 1200 MPM

TENSION 16T(MAX)

PRODUCTION SCHEDULING-1. SELECT THE COIL AS PER PLANNING SHEET AND FEED COIL

NO, MATERIAL GRADE, ROLLING MODE, MATERIAL THICKNESS, WIDTH, WEIGHT, NEXT PROCESS, CUSTOMER NAME, FINAL THICKNESS, IN LEVEL-II

2. CHECK THE PASS SCHEDULE AT LEVEL-II FOR NO. OF PASS AND ROLLING PARAMETER IN EACH PASS LIKE DELIEVERY THICKNESS, FRONT TENSION, BACK TENSION FOR BENDING FORCE, MAXIMIM SPEED AND REDUCTION.FOR ALL SUMITOMO GRADES MAXIMUM GAP BETWEEN PICKLING AND ROLLING SHOULD NOT EXCEED 72 HRS THOOSE COIL EXCEEDS 72 HRS WILL BE SENT BACK TO PICKLING.

LOADING OF COIL- 3. PLACE THE PICKLED COIL ON THE SKID WITH THE HELP OF

CRANE4. LOAD COIL AT CENTER OF MANDREL WITH USE OF MANDREL

WITH USE OF COIL CAR & ENSURE THAT IT IS AT CENTER OF THE MANDREL

FEEDING OF COIL-5. FEED THE LEADER END OF COIL TO THE MILL WITH THE

HELP OF THREE ROLL FEEDER AND THREADING TABLE.

1. 2. SET SIDE GUIDE & PRESSURE BOARD BY KEEPING THE STRIP IN CENTER.

2. 3. APPLY THE TOUCH LOAD AND REDUCE THE WORK ROLL BENDING FORCE.

3. THREAD THE LEADER END TO THE GRIPPER OF LTR MANDREL BY JOGGING THE MILL.

4. EXPAND THE MANDREL & GRIPPER ROTATE ONE REVOLUTION OF STRIP ON MANDREL IN TANDEM JOG.

ROLLING OF COIL-5. APPLY INITIAL LOAD BY APC.6. SWITCH ON THE TENSION.7. GIVE THE THREAD COMMAND, MILL WILL START RUN ON

30MPM SPEED & COOLANT ON AUTOMATICALLY.8. CHECK THE SURFACE OF SHEET FOR SCRATCHES , BENDS,

AND COOLANT CARRY OVER ETC.9. CHECK SHAPE OF STRIP PHYSICALLY &COMPARE WITH

SHAPE METER DISPLAY ADJUST UP TO SATISFACTION.10.WHEN GAUGE &SHAPE COME IN TARGET RANGE, INCREASE

SPEED AS PER SCHEDULE OR CONDITION.

HITACHI MILL USED FOR ROLLING

ECLAN ECL LINE CLEANS THE STRIP SURFACE OF OIL AND DIRT BY CHEMICAL ACTION, USING AN ALKALINE SOLUTION. THE STRIP PASSES BETWEEN ELECTRODES WHICH ARE IMMERSED IN TANKS CONTAINING THE ELECTROLYTE. THIS TECHNIQUE IS MORE EFFECTIVE IN CLEANING COLD ROLLED STEEL THAN CONVENTIONAL CLEANING PROCESSES USED ON HIGH SPEED ELECTRO TINNING AND ALKALINE-CLEANING LINES.

CLASSIFICATION

THEY ARE CATEGORIZED INTO TWO TYPES : HIGH CURRENT DENSITY (HCD) ELECTROLYTIC CLEANING LINES LOW CURRENT DENSITY (LCD) ELECTROLYTIC CLEANING LINES

THESE TECHNIQUES ARE MORE EFFECTIVE IN CLEANING COLD ROLLED STEEL THAN CONVENTIONAL CLEANING PROCESSES USED ON HIGH SPEED ELECTRO TINNING AND ALKALINE-CLEANING LINES

1. PRIMARY BATH- ALKALI USED IS SODIUM ORTHO SILICATE(Na2SiO3)2. SKIN BATH3. SQUEEZE ROLL (TEMP-70-900 C)4. ECL(MAIN)- ELECTRO CLEANING LINE ALKALI USED IS SODIUM ORTHPO SILICATE((Na2SiO3)

1.2-3% 4 ELECTRODE ARE USED5. HOT RINSE TANK- WATER AT 70-900C IS SPRINKLED VIA NOZZLES6. DRY CHAMBER- TEMP IS 1100C

ECL PROCEDURE

ANNEALINGANNEALING IS A PROCESS OF HEATING, SOAKING AND CONTROLLED COOLING OF COIL IN A NON OXIDIZING ATMOSPHERE.ANNEALING IS DONE TO REFINE THE GRAIN STRUCTUREAND REDUCE HARDNESS OF SHEET.ANNEALING IS DONE AT A TEMPERATURE OF 575-650°CBELL TYPE ANNEALING IS DONE FOR ROLLED SHEETSKATHABAR BELL IS USED FOR COOLING OF ROLLED SHEET SO THAT THE STRIP DOES NOT STUCK WITH EACH OTHER.OXYGEN GAS IS REMOVED BY FILLING UP NITROGEN GAS INSIDE THE BELL.NITROGEN GAS IS REMOVED BY FILLING HYDROGEN GAS.AIR COOLING IS DONE TILL THE TEMPERATURE REACHES 250°CWATER COOLING IS DONE TILL THE TEMPERATURE REACHES TO 125°CAFTERWARD COOLING IS DONE BY DRY AIR WHICH IS FORMED ON KATHABAR BELLS

ANNEALING OF ROLLED SHEETS

SKIN PASS MILL

DIMENSIONAL SPECIFICATION

MINIMUM MAXIMUM

WIDTH 800MM 1705MMTHICKNESS 0.15MM 3.50MMCOIL OUTER DIAMETER

2000MM

COIL INNER DIAMETER

610MM

WEIGHT 30MT

IN THIS MILL THE SURFACE FINISHING OF THE ROLLED SHEET IS INCREASED.HARDNESS IS ALSO INCREASED AS PER REQUIREMENT OF CUSTOMERS.IT IMPROVES SHAPE AND TEMPER OF THE MATERIAL.7% REDUCTION OF SPM IS DONE IN THIS MILL.QUALITY PARAMETER IS FINALLY CHECKED IN THIS MILL.

LINE SPECIFICATION VALUE

LOAD MASS 1000MT

MAX SPEED 600M/MIN

MAX MILL TENSION 1000 KG

UNCOILER TENSION 3000 KG

RECOILER TENSION 4500 KG

MAX ELONGATION 7%

THREADING SPEED 50 MPM

FLOW DIAGRAM OF SKIN PASS MILL

FINISHINGIT IS THE PROCEDURE OF SLITTING THE COIL THROUGH ITS WIDTH, THE DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO CUTTERS IS EQUAL TO THE 10% OF THE SHEET.

CUT TO LENGTH:-IN THIS LINE SHEETS ARE CUT ACCORDING TO THE REQUIREMENT OF THE CUSTOMER.SHEAR BLADES ARE USED FOR CUTTING OF THE SHEETS.SHEETS ARE DISPATCHED FOR COLORING OR POLISHING

CUT TO LENGTH DIAGRAM

QUALITY SYSTEMA QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (QMS) IS A COLLECTION OF BUSINESS PROCESSES FOCUSED ON CONSISTENTLY MEETING CUSTOMER REQUIREMENTS AND ENHANCING THEIR SATISFACTION. IT IS ALIGNED WITH COMPANY'S PURPOSE AND STRATEGIC DIRECTION (ISO9001:2015). IT IS EXPRESSED AS THE ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS AND ASPIRATIONS, POLICIES, PROCESSES, DOCUMENTED INFORMATION AND RESOURCES NEEDED TO IMPLEMENT AND MAINTAIN IT.

• EARLY QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS EMPHASIZED PREDICTABLE OUTCOMES OF AN INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT PRODUCTION LINE, USING SIMPLE STATISTICS AND RANDOM SAMPLING. BY THE 20TH CENTURY, LABOUR INPUTS WERE TYPICALLY THE MOST COSTLY INPUTS IN MOST INDUSTRIALIZED SOCIETIES, SO FOCUS SHIFTED TO TEAM COOPERATION AND DYNAMICS, ESPECIALLY THE EARLY SIGNALING OF PROBLEMS VIA A CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT CYCLE. IN THE 21ST CENTURY, QMS HAS TENDED TO CONVERGE WITH SUSTAINABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVES, AS BOTH INVESTOR AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND PERCEIVED QUALITY IS INCREASINGLY TIED TO THESE FACTORS. OF QMS REGIMES, THE ISO 9000 FAMILY OF STANDARDS IS PROBABLY THE MOST WIDELY IMPLEMENTED WORLDWIDE - THE ISO 19011 AUDIT REGIME APPLIES TO BOTH, AND DEALS WITH QUALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY AND THEIR INTEGRATION.

• OTHER QMS, E.G. NATURAL STEP, FOCUS ON SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES AND ASSUME THAT OTHER QUALITY PROBLEMS WILL BE REDUCED AS RESULT OF THE SYSTEMATIC THINKING, TRANSPARENCY, DOCUMENTATION AND DIAGNOSTIC DISCIPLINE

GP-1GP STANDS FOR GALVANIZING PLANTTHE PURPOSE OF THE CONTINUOUS GALVANIZING LINE IS TO APPLY A COAT OF ZINC ONTO THE SURFACE OF STEEL SHEETS IN AN EFFORT TO INCREASE THEIR CORROSION RESISTANCE. THERE IS A WIDE RANGE OF CONTROL OF ZINC COAT THICKNESS, AND THE GALVANIZED STEEL SHEETS ARE USED FOR A BOARD RANGE OF PURPOSES, INCLUDING CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS, AUTOMOBILES AND ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES. GALUME IS THE TRADE NAME FOR A SHEET STEEL PRODUCT WITH A HIGHLY CORROSION RESISTANT COATING CONTAINING NOMINALLY 55% ALUMINIUM AND 43% ZINC BY WEIGHT, THE BALANCE PRIMARILY SILICON IS USED TO EFFECT EXCELLENT ADHESION TO THE STEEL SUBSTRATE. THIS METALLIC COATING WHICH IS APPLIED USING A CONTINUOUS HOT-DIP COATING PROCESS COMBINES THE GALVANIC CORROSION PROTECTION OF ZINC WITH THE BARRIER PROTECTION OF ALUMINIUM.

• A.WORK INSTRUCTION FOR ENTRY SECTION• APPROVED PROCESS APPROVED MACHINERY• COIL LOADING------- COIL CAR & UNCOILER• WELDING-------- WELDING UNIT• B.LINE SPECIFICATION• MONITORING OF PROCESS PARAMETERS• SPEED• ENTRY SPEED 15 – 20MPM• TENSION• ENTRY (POR) 56 –560MPM• ENTRY ACCUMULATOR 105 TO 1050 KG• POSITION• ENTRY ACCUMULATOR1 – 90% FILLED• POR INITIAL DATA 500MM – 600MM• C.OLD ROLED MATERIAL SPECIFICATION

• · HARDNESS OF MATERIAL 45 – 100 HRB• · THICKNESS OF STRIP 0.17 – 2.2MM• · WIDTH 500 – 1280 MM• · WEIGHT- 5MT (MIN.), 22MT (MAX.)• · INITIAL DIAMETER OF COIL 500 MM – 600MM• D. COLD ROLLED MATERIAL INSPECTION• · PREFERABLY COIL SHOULD BE FREE FROM EDGE CUT &

SAW EDGES.• SHAPE & SURFACE FINISH OF THE COLD ROLLED COIL IS

INSPECTED BY ENTRY OPERATOR• & ALSO ENTERS THE SAME IN LOG BOOK.• E. INTRODUCTION FOR ENTRY SETUP• · MADE ENTRY SECTION READY BY PRESSING SWITCH.• · MAKE ACCUMULATOR TENSION ON BY PRESSING SWITCH.• · MAKE POR TENSION ON BY PRESSING SWITCH.• · MAKE ENTRY START BY PRESSING SWITCHES.• F. COIL LOADING• · COIL IS LOADED WITH THE HELP OF COIL CAR.

UTILITYUTILITY DEPARTMENT HAS 4 SUB DEPARTMENT UNDER IT1. RO PLANT, COOLING TOWER & PUMP HOUSE2. BOILER3. AIR COMPRESSOR4. A.C PLANT

RO PLANT- IT USES THE REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS TO FILTER THE WATERPURIFYING OF WATER STARTS WITH THE COLLECTION OF WATER IN STORAGE TANKS WHERE SODIUM HYPOCHLORIDE IS MIXED IN IT WHICH REACT WITH IRON ANS SETTLES THE IRON CONTENT IN THE BOTTOM OF TANK, BUT IT ALSO RELEASES CHLORINE THERE FORE WE US SODIUM SULPHITE. WE ALSO USE ANTISCALENT TO PREVENT THE BLOCKAGE OF PIPESNOW THE WATER PASSES THROUGH ANOTHER STORAGE TANK KNOWN AS MICRO CARTIDGE FILTER TANK1. 50 MICRON FOR SOLID PARTICLES2. 5 MICRON FOR SMALLER IMPURITIES NOW THE WATER PASSES THROUGH RO PROCESSUSEFULL WATER PASSES VIA MIDDLE PIPE KNOWN AS PERMEATE

AND OTHER IS CALLED REJECTED

RO PROCES

S

COOLING TOWER

&BOILER

COOLING TOWER- THE COOLING TOWER IS USED TO COOL THE WATER THAT ABSORBS HEAT FROM THE COMPRESSOR AND THE CONDENSER. WHEN WATER FLOWS THROUGH THESE COMPONENTS SOME WATER GETS EVAPORATED, TO MAKE UP THIS LOSS SOME WATER IS ALSO ADDED IN THE COOLING TOWER. THE COOLING TOWER IS OF EVAPORATIVE TYPE. HERE THE WATER IS COOLED BY THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND IS RE-CIRCULATED THROUGH THE COMPRESSOR AND THE CONDENSERBOILER- THE BOILER CHANGES THE FORM OF WATER FROM LIQIUD TO VAPOUR. FIRST A SMALL DIA PIPE SUPPLIES GAS TO THE FURNANCE NOW A SPARK IS GIVEN TO BURN THE GAS AFTER THAT A LARGE DIA PIPE SUPPLIES THE GAS TO THE BURNERS AND THE SMALL DIA PIPE IS SWITCHED OFF.THE STEAM GENERATED IS NOW SUPPLIED TO THE PLANT WHERE NECESSARY

AIR COMPRESSOR- AN AIR COMPRESSOR IS A DEVICE THAT CONVERTS POWER (USING AN ELECTRIC MOTOR, DIESEL OR GASOLINE ENGINE, ETC.) INTO POTENTIAL ENERGY STORED IN PRESSURIZED AIR (I.E., COMPRESSED AIR). BY ONE OF SEVERAL METHODS, AN AIR COMPRESSOR FORCES MORE AND MORE AIR INTO A STORAGE TANK, INCREASING THE PRESSURE. WHEN TANK PRESSURE REACHES ITS UPPER LIMIT THE AIR COMPRESSOR SHUTS OFF. THE COMPRESSED AIR, THEN, IS HELD IN THE TANK UNTIL CALLED INTO USE. THE ENERGY CONTAINED IN THE COMPRESSED AIR CAN BE USED FOR A VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS, UTILIZING THE KINETIC ENERGY OF THE AIR AS IT IS RELEASED AND THE TANK DEPRESSURIZES. WHEN TANK PRESSURE REACHES ITS LOWER LIMIT, THE AIR COMPRESSOR TURNS ON AGAIN AND RE-PRESSURIZES THE TANK.

A.C PLANT- IN INDUSTRY IT IS UNDERSTOOD THAT PEOPLE WORKING IN THE INDUSTRY NEED SOME COMFORT WHILE WORKING THEREFORE A.C PLANT IS INSTALLED TO GIVE THEM A COMFORTABLE WORKING ENVIRONMENT

MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE

MAINTENANCE, REPAIR AND OPERATIONS (MRO) OR MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, AND OVERHAUL INVOLVES FIXING ANY SORT OF MECHANICAL, PLUMBING OR ELECTRICAL DEVICE SHOULD IT BECOME OUT OF ORDER OR BROKEN (KNOWN AS REPAIR, UNSCHEDULED, OR CASUALTY MAINTENANCE).MAINTENANCE TYPESGENERALLY SPEAKING, THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF MAINTENANCE IN USE:PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE, WHERE EQUIPMENT IS MAINTAINED BEFORE BREAK DOWN OCCURS.OPERATIONAL MAINTENANCE, WHERE EQUIPMENT IS MAINTAINED IN USING.CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE, WHERE EQUIPMENT IS MAINTAINED AFTER BREAK DOWN. THIS MAINTENANCE IS OFTEN MOST EXPENSIVE BECAUSE WORN EQUIPMENT CAN DAMAGE OTHER PARTS AND CAUSE MULTIPLE DAMAGES.ADAPTIVE MAINTENANCE, WHERE EQUIPMENT IS MAINTAINED BY LETTING IT ADAPT TO NEW ENVIRONMENT.

NARROW PLANTIT IS ALSO A SHEARING PROCESS BUT THE WIDTH OF THE OUTPUT SHEET IS VERY LESS AS COMPARED TO THE SLTTING IN FINISHING PROCESS

ELECTRICAL MAINTENANCE

IT INVOLVES FAULT DIAGNOSIS, ROUTINE CHECKUP, SERVICING AND REPAIRING OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENT OF MACHINES