in and out of fashion Grammar if used to and would

T ick ( • ) t h e sen tences i f y o u can rep lace used to w i t h would.

1 During the holidays we used t o play outs ide 4 They used t o arrive at t he end o f June unt i l i t was dark. | • | and stay unt i l September.

2 My dad used t o whist le whi le he was working. [ 5 She used t o have green hair.

3 The dog used t o f o l l ow her everywhere. 6 I used t o have a horse bu t I sold it.

b j C o m p l e t e t h e t a b l e w i t h i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t w h a t w e d o now.

then now

1 sent telegrams send emails

2 used candles

3 made their own toys

4 travelled in carriages

5 wrote letters

6 wore long skirts and dresses

7 listened to records

8 had lots of children

_CJ W r i t e sen tences us ing t h e i n f o r m a t i o n in t h e t a b l e .

1 1.0. the past, people used to send telegrams, now they

send emails.

2

C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences w i t h t h e verbs in t h e box . Use would w h e r e y o u can o r used to.

spend wan t drive be no t go f ind

1 I used to want t o be a teacher bu t n o w I th ink I'll be a doctor .

2 They hours playing

cards every evening.

3 I languages qui te

di f f icul t , bu t now I speak Italian and

Russian f luent ly.

4 You're a successful businesswoman

now. It's hard t o believe you

a punk.

5 W h e n I was a kid I

anywhere w i t h o u t my teddy.

6 He a Ford. N o w he's

got a BMW.

vocabulary In and out of fashion

C o m p l e t e t h e a r t i c l e w i t h t h e w o r d s in t h e box .

catch on hooked overwhe lming craze spread

Shoppers looking for a natu/al high

were able to satisfy their needs by

inhal ing, or breathing in , flavoured

oxygen f rom the first oxygen bar to be ' J T V

launched in Cardif f . Inhal ing j j

oxygen through a tube is a new

which is expected

to 3 in nightclubs

across the U K . The trend started in Tokyo, but it has quick ly

4 to Br i ta in and the US. 'The demand has been

* ,' says the manager o f the bar, Nei l Lucas.

Some customers say they are already 6

on the experience. 'You feel really good and fu l l o f energy

afterwards,' says Ray, a local businessman. 0 vocabulary sUf Adverbial phrases

Join t h e t w o sen tences t o m a k e o n e , us ing adve rb ia l phrases. T h e r e is s o m e t i m e s m o r e t h a n o n e poss ib i l i t y .

1 He looked at me. He seemed surprised.

He looked at me with surprise.

2 The dog barked at us. It sounded horr ible.

3 He teaches English. His way o f teaching is fun .

4 They l istened t o her. They were enthusiastic.

5 W e found the house. It was d i f f icu l t t o f ind.

(Qrclf) the correct adverbial phrase to complete the sentences. You might be t o l d it's wrong t o look

at peop le 1 (jn^arude^wa^)/ in a

surprising way, but a new craze called

Stare Master is winning fans across

America. People are queuing up 2with

difficulty / with enthusiasm t o take

part in staring contests. The Stare

Master contests are held 3 / n public /

on purpose and have really str ict rules

- you aren't a l lowed t o laugh, close

your eyes, nod or move. 'It's great,'

said one fan, 'because it tests your

sel f -contro l "in a different way / in a

horrible way.' It was invented by t w o

fr iends because they were bored and

wanted t o spend thei r f ree t ime in

5 a fun way / a friendly way.

Grammar if Comparing adverbs

Make sentences comparing the actions. Use the adverbs and as... as.

1 Mary (eats / drinks / quickly)

Mary eats as quickly as she drinks.

2 He (reads / talks / slowly)

3 Frank (doesn't work / plays / hard)

4 She (plays the guitar / sings /

nicely)

6 He said hel lo t o me. He was fr iendly. 5 W e (arrived / cou ld / soon)

7 W e need t o d o this again. W e need t o do someth ing di f ferent .

8 The chi ldren wai ted for t he c lown t o arrive. They were excited.

6 I (don't speak French / speak

Spanish / well)

UNIT 4 25

vocabulary sir Common adverbial phrases

^ i r c j ^ ) t h e c o r r e c t adve rb ia l phrase .

1 She's the first person t o be vo ted chairperson three years in public / (jfunvfy.

2 They held the meet ing on purpose / in private and no one knew anything abou t it.

3 Can you call a taxi fo r me? I'm in a hurry / in a row t o get t o the stat ion.

4 Please don ' t te l l anyone, I was t o l d on purpose / in secret.

5 Can you help Janet? She's in a panic / in a hurry about t he exam.

6 I don ' t like talking in public / in private. Crowds make me nervous.

7 I th ink he said it by accident / on purpose t o make everyone laugh.

8 Don ' t be angry. She d id it by accident / on purpose. It's no t like her t o cause problems

C o m p l e t e t h e puzz le . Use t h e m y s t e r y w o r d t o c o m p l e t e t h e last s e n t e n c e .

1 W h e n you do things in f r on t o f o ther people, you

do t h e m in

2 W h e n you have t o do someth ing quickly you're in

a

3 W h e n you don ' t wan t everyone t o see what

you're doing, you d o it in

4 If you wor ry and get anxious about someth ing,

you are in a panic

5 If you do the same th ing lots o f t imes, you d o it

several t imes in a

6 If you hide someth ing f r o m other people, you do

N C

it in

7 If you don ' t mean t o d o something, you do it

by •

8 W h e n you d o someth ing on

you mean t o d o it.

~~c] JQ £2122 C o m p l e t e t h e sen tences w i t h t h e w o r d s in t h e box .

back o u t d o w n b o t t o m wrong t o e

1 The house was really dir ty, so we cleaned it f r o m t o p t o bottom

2 Your pul lover looks kind o f strange - I th ink it's inside

Pronunciation "kl'&l sat and Id set

3 Sorry, that's no t right - t he words are the

way round.

4 You've go t your T-shirt on t o f ront .

5 He was covered in mud f r o m head t o

6 Turn the bo t t l e upside and shake it - t hen

the sauce wi l l come out .

• CD4T8 L is ten a n d (c i r c le ) t h e c o r r e c t w o r d .

1 He lost his (bat)/ bet.

2 Have you got my pan / pen?

3 It's Dad / deadl

4 There's a band / bend in t he

road.

5 The cat sat /set by the fire.

6 The man / men can stay.

L is ten again a n d • CD4 T8 repea t .

UNIT 4

3 Read the text. Complete the sentences with one word in each space. There is often more than one possibility.

Fashion & music

We're u s e d t o s e e i n g m u s i c s t a r s l i k e M a d o n n a a n d L a d y G a g a w e a r f a s h i o n s w h i c h

T create a n i m a g e f o r t h e m . B u t m u s i c i n d f a s h i o n have a l w a y s been c lose l y l i n k e d . T h e •xx i gh , l e a t h e r - w e a r i n g i m a g e o f e a r l y r o c k s t a r s

2 Gene V i n c e n t i n f l u e n c e d a g e n e r a t i o n zf y o u n g peop le i n E u r o p e a n d i n t h e U S A . A c u l t u r a l w a r 3 o u t i n t h e m i d - 1 9 6 0 s i n t h e U K over t h e r i v a l r y b e t w e e n t h e ' M o d s ' ( w h o Jfcpoured h i g h - f a s h i o n , e xpens i v e sty les ) a n d t h e P a c k e r s ' ( w h o w o r e T - s h i r t s a n d l ea ther ) ; f o l l o w e r s o f each s t y l e h a d t h e i r f a v o u r i t e m u s i c a l ac ts , w h o fed i n t o t h e r i v a l r y b y r e l e a s i n g r e c o r d s p r a i s i n g m e s ty l e a n d c r i t i c i s i n g t h e o the r . I n t h e 1960s , 7*-e Beat les b r o u g h t m o p - t o p h a i r c u t s , c o l l a r l e s s rLazers a n d Bea t l e B o o t s i n t o f a s h i o n .

- k m u s i c i a n s w e r e a m o n g t h e f i r s t peop le t o - s % r h i p p i e f a s h i o n , a n d i n t r o d u c e d s u c h s ty l es i = t h e N e h r u j a c k e t ; b a n d s l i k e T h e Bea t l es w o r e

r _ s t o m - m a d e c l o thes t h a t h a d a s t r o n g 4

: n 1960s s ty l e . A s r o c k m u s i c g e n r e s deve loped , w h a t a n a r t i s t w o r e b ecame as 5 as •±<e m u s i c i t s e l f i n d e f i n i n g t h e a r t i s t ' s i n t e n t a n d

r e l a t i o n s h i p t o t h e aud i ence . T h e g l a m r o c k o f

t h e 1970s b r o u g h t f a s h i o n t o n e w 6

o f i m p o r t a n c e i n r o c k m u s i c w i t h t h e ' g l i t t e r ' i m a g e o f a r t i s t s l i k e T. Rex . Some a r t i s t s w h o h a d been ac t i v e i n t h e l a t e 1960s , s u c h as D a v i d B o w i e , a l s o a d o p t e d a g l a m - i n f l u e n c e d l o o k .

I n t h e l a t e 1970s , d i s c o a c t s h e l p e d m a k e f l a s h y u r b a n s t y l es f a sh i onab l e , w h i l e n e w wave g r o u p s s t a r t e d w e a r i n g m o c k - c o n s e r v a t i v e

7 i n c l u d i n g s u i t j a c k e t s a n d t h i n t i es , i n a n 8 t o be as d i f f e r e n t f r o m m a i n s t r e a m r o c k e r s as poss ib le .

I n t h e e a r l y 1990s , t h e p o p u l a r i t y o f g r u n g e b r o u g h t i n a f a s h i o n o f i t s o w n . G r u n g e m u s i c i a n s a n d f a n s w o r e t o r n j e a n s , o l d shoes, f l a n n e l s h i r t s a n d b a c k w a r d s b a s e b a l l h a t s , a n d g r e w t h e i r h a i r a g a i n s t t h e c l e a n - c u t i m a g e t h a t

w a s p o p u l a r a t t h e 9 , t o g e t h e r w i t h

a h e a v i l y c o m m e r c i a l i s e d p o p m u s i c c u l t u r e . M u s i c i a n s c o n t i n u e t o be f a s h i o n i c ons ; p o p c u l t u r e m a g a z i n e s s u c h as Rolling Stone o f t e n 1 0 f a s h i o n s e c t i ons f e a t u r i n g m u s i c i a n s as mode l s .

1 | 2 > | | y Listen to the radio phone-in. Four people talk about their favourite songs about fashion'. Complete the chart with the names in the box.

Vogue The Kinks George Michael Freedom David Bowie Dedicated Follower of Fashion Madonna Fashion

Speaker Song name Artist

Speaker 1: Janine

Speaker 2: Andy

Speaker 3: Phyllis

Speaker 4: Mark

UNIT 4 27

unit check Fill in the spaces Complete the text with the words in the box.

popular fashion are concerned hot tes t potent ia l ly demand for a start warnings sharing group . ^ '

3ebo is one o f t h e 1 hottest websites among young people. It's a imed at peop le aged 13-30 but it's

~ i o s t 2 w i t h students. Bebo al lows you t o chat w i t h your f r i ends , 3 space

on the web together. 'There is a h u g e 4 for this t y p e o f service,' says Bebo's boss, Michael

Birch. W h e n you jo in Bebo you choose a school or college and jo in its 5 o f members.

Some teachers 6 about t he service and have s topped their students using it dur ing school

hou rs . 7 , students are wast ing study t ime. But, more impor tant ly , t he site is

dangerous because students can share personal details. Students might th ink this

' is just a bit o f f un bu t things can go wrong if they give in format ion t o the wrong person,'

says one wor r ied head teacher, w h o wants t h e site t o have m o r e 1 0 about t he risks. [

Q Choose the correct answers ffy vocabulary Circ le ) t h e c o r r e c t answer : a, b o r c.

1 I have long hair.

a wou ld b (usedjx j ) c was used t o

2 He smiled at me in a way.

a f r iendly b fr iends c fr iendliness

3 Rachel sang as nicely she d id t h e last t ime

I heard her.

a than b more c as

4 I have a dog when I was a chi ld but I haven't got any pets now. a wou ld b should c used t o

5 I answered all t he quest ions, bu t

a d i f f icu l t way b w i t h d i f f i cu l ty c w i t h d i f f icu l t

6 They're comple te ly hooked tha t new TV series.

a on b t o c up

7 The craze caught immediately.

a up b in c on

8 The fashion swept th rough schools in Britain.

a quick b in a quickly way c quickly

9 Fans reacted when they discovered tha t t he t ickets were sold ou t .

a angrily b w i t h angrily c angry

Complete each sentence with one word.

1 I had an accident because I was . „ / n . „ .

a hurry.

2 It was a to ta l surprise. He'd done

everyth ing secret.

3 I d idn ' t th ink he wou ld wan t t o come,

but he accepted great

enthusiasm.

4 I de le ted some files on my compu te r

accident - I was so angry

w i t h myself!

5 Can I talk t o you private fo r

a few minutes?

6 Monday, Tuesday and now Wednesday

- you've been late three days in a

I pu t my shorts on back t o

The CD-ROM didn ' t play because I'd pu t

it d o w n in t h e computer .

I don ' t th ink it was an accident - I'm sure

he d id it on !

How did you do? Total: [ © Very good

2 0 - 2 5

OK 1 4 - 1 9 © Review Un i t4aga in

0 - 1 3

UNIT 4 29