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Bamboo: A sustainable alternative to wood
Mr. Nripal Adhikary
Global Bamboo Housing Programme
Contents
•Introduction of INBAR
•Bamboo as a construction material
•Our work in Nepal
•Bamboo for reconstruction
INBAR Mission
To Improve the well-being of the producers and users of bamboo and rattan within the context of a sustainable bamboo and rattan resource base
INBAR Member Countries
INBAR Member Countries
Global Bamboo Construction Programme
• Consolidate, coordinate and
support strategic and adaptive research and development
• Disseminate knowledge on how bamboo-based construction can be applied to poverty reduction and more resilient homes and communities
•Support the development of markets for bamboo-based construction
Bamboo matures in 3-6 years.
It takes 60 days for bamboo to grow 60 feet.
As strong as steel in weight to strength ratio
Earthquake resistant properties e.g. Costa Rica (7.6 Richter Scale)
High insulating property.
Economical
Why Bamboo?
Bamboo uses at different ages
• <30 days it is good for eating
• 6-9 months for weaving baskets
• 2-3 years for bamboo boards or laminations
• 3-6 years for construction of houses and bridges
• >6 years bamboo gradually loses strength up to 12
years
• Its like a fruit, if you don’t eat it, it will die.
Pulp
Charcoal
Fiber boards
Fuels
Lumber
Leftovers & processing
waste
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Blinds, Mats, Carpet
Flooring
Vegetable
Handicrafts
Brooms, Cloths8
Manure, Fodder
Extracts, Medicine
Bamboo poles
Laminated furniture
9
Charcoal, Pulp
Handicrafts
Chopsticks, ToothpicksMiddle upper
Middle lower
Base
Shoots
Sheath & Rhizome
Scaffoldings
Chopsticks, Toothpicks
Twigs
Leaves
Top
4
Source: Zhu 2005
Building
Materials
Density Modulus of Elasticity Yield
Strength
Ultimate
StrengthStrength
Over Density
p/cf ksi Mpa psi Mpa psi Mpa 1/ft.
Carbon Fiber 110 21,800 150,305 n/a n/a 819,463 5,650
1,072,752
Structural Steel 490 29,000 200,000 36,2
60
250 58,000 400
17,045
Aluminum Alloy 170 10,000 68,947 26,1
06
180 29,000 200
24,565
Cast Iron 435 27,500 190,000 n/a n/a 29,000 200
9,600
Bamboo pole 25 2,694 18,575* n/a n/a 8,700 60*
50,112
Timber 40 1,600 11,000 n/a n/a 5,800 40 20,880
Concrete 150 3,000 20,684 n/a n/a 435 3 418
* Janssen, 1991
Structural Feasibility
Bamboo Pole = 1.5 higher strength than Typical Timber
Some modern bamboo structures especially Shanghai Expo
Some Modern Examples
• More than 54 species of bamboo• Bambusa balcooa (haroti), bambusa tulda (taru, chap),
dendrocalamus strictus (lathi bans)
• Considered NTFP.
• Included in NBC 203, 204
• Affordable and easily available
• Earthquake resistant
Opportunities in Nepal
• Supply Chain
• Lack of public awareness
Challenges to making bamboo mainstream
Challenges to supply chain
Creating a Database
Training
Validation
Validation
Alternative Building Lab in Nepal
• Creating State-of-the art laboratory for material
testing
Future industry Modern industry