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Presentation given at New York State Conference on the Environment. 2014
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Climate Change, Adaptation &
Natural Resource Management
Kathleen Draper
ithaka institute for carbon intelligence
Research | Education | Consulting
How Biochar Can Help
AGENDA
• what is biochar?
• biochar research
• how biochar can help fight & adapt to
climate change
• biochar uses
• natural resource management &
biomass optimization
• making biochar
• biochar’s triple bottom line
• biochar opportunities in New York
what is biochar? the Carbon family
Charcoal Biochar Activated Carbon
Feedstock Hardwood, sawdust + Binding Agents
Ag, forestry & other organic materials/waste
Coconut shells, peat, coal, petroleum pitch
Common Uses
Fuel (Cooking) Soil Amendment Remediation Filtration Binding Agent (livestock)
Filtration Odor Control Remediation Binding Agent (humans)
Relevant Qualities
Burnability Low smoke
Adsorption/Porosity CEC Sequestration
Adsorption
Cost $ - $$ $$ $$$
Production Slow Pyrolysis; Kiln
Slow Pyrolysis; Kiln; Gasification
Pyrolyzed at 600 – 900C + activated at 250C OR Chemically impregnated & cooked @ 450 – 900C
Carbon Footprint
Carbon Neutral: May lead to Deforestation
Carbon Negative (in many situations)
Carbon Positive
Soils
Energy
Climate
Change
Animal
Health
Remedi-
ation
Other
BIOCHAR
RESEARCH
Heat
Electricity
Syngas Bio oils
Fuel Cells
Anaerobic
Digesters
Restoration
Filtration
Mines
Marshes
Deserts Wetlands
Building
Materials
C Sequestration
NOX
Landfills
CH4
Toxin Binding
Agent
Bedding
Odor Control
Manure Handling
Yield
Water Holding Capacity
Microbial Activity
Textiles
Food
Preservation
Batteries
NPK
pH CEC
Cosmetics
biochar research
mitigation & adaptation
Carbon Sequestration
Renewable Energy
Methane Reductions • Livestock
• Landfills
Reduced Fertilizer Use
Waste Upcycling
Soil Resilience
Green Roofs
Sustainable
Agriculture
Food Security
Water Efficiency
Disaster Recovery
Building/Infrastructure
Vegetation Management • Fire Control
• Invasive Species
how biochar can help climate change
Possible Benefits & Uses
in Dairy Operations 1. 1% biochar addition into feed as binding agent
• Improve feed conversion ratio
• Reduce methane emissions
• Reduce odors from manure
2. Combine biochar with manure
• Retains more nutrients during composting
• Stable C and enhanced nitrogen cycling
• Reduces nutrient leaching into eco-system
3. Use in anaerobic digestion to boost methane production
4. Filter dairy wastewater
5. Used as bedding material
6. Neutralize toxins from footbaths (e.g. copper)
biochar & dairy
biochar uses
biochar & viticulture
Possible benefits &
uses in viticulture 1. Reduced seasonal inputs (e.g. carbon
additions)
2. Improve yield consistency within a vineyard
or block.
3. Improve hydraulic management of water
drainage and water holding capacity of soil.
4. Boost YAN.
5. Enhance cation exchange capacity and
nutrient retention.
6. Promote beneficial microbial activity in
soils and pathogen suppression
7. Healthier root growth and transplant vigor.
8. Less labor intensive vineyard floor
management
9. Better aggregate stability, buffering
capacity, bulk density and reduce
compaction.
10. Neutralize toxins in soils.
biochar uses
The Built Environment
Building Materials
Asphalt
3D Printing
biochar uses
Renewable Energy
Biomass Energy
Anaerobic Digestion,
Microbial Fuel Cells
biochar uses
Sustainable Packaging
Filtration
Micro-Beads
New Carbon Sinks biochar uses
natural resource management biomass optimization
Source: K. Wilson for World Bank
making biochar Pyrolysis & Gasification
BIOCHAR’S TRIPLE
BOTTOM LINE PLANET PEOPLE
PROFIT
SUSTAINABLE
GROWTH
COST
SAVINGS
GREEN JOBS
ECO-
EFFICIENCY
FOOD
SECURITY
CLIMATE
CHANGE
MITIGATION &
ADAPTATION
ECO-
SYSTEM
SERVICES HEALTH
Soil resiliency, H2O filtration, etc.
Industrial Ecology
Waste Optimization
Energy, tipping fees
RESILIENT
REGIONAL
ECONOMIES
ithaka institute for carbon intelligence Research | Education | Consulting
biochar opportunities
in new york state
• Agriculture
• Green Waste
• Disaster Recovery
• Landfills
• Sewage Treatment
• Invasive Species
any questions?
For more info: www.biochar-journal.org
www.fingerlakesbiochar.com