Nagarahole

Wildlife Management in Nagarahole Tiger Reserve

Protected Areas of Western Ghats

Nagarahole- Bandipur- Mudumalai-Wayanad tiger conservation landscape

NTR- Vital connecting link…

Landscape dynamics of Kodagu district in (a) 1977, (b) 1997, and (c) 2007. The map from 1977 is derived from Landsat images, and maps from 1997 and 2007 are from IRS P6 LISS III images. In all cases, land uses were reclassified by manual digitization.

The expansion of coffee cultivation has taken place predominantly on privately owned land. The area under forest is formally controlled by the state forest

department (both reserve forests and protected areas) and has remained largely intact.

Location:

1. Nestled in the foot hills of Western

Ghats, where the Western Ghats

meets the Deccan plains on the

eastern side.

2. Total area is 643.39 km2 spread

over Mysore (354.96 km2) and

Kodagu District (288.43 km2).

Nagarahole Tiger

ReserveNamed after River ‘Nagarahole’

(‘Serpent River’).

1. Tropical Semi-evergreen Forests

2. Tropical Moist Deciduous Forests

3. Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests

4. Swamps (Hadlus)

Major Vegetation types of Nagarahole TR

1. Largest population of breeding tigers

Density:

12.08/100 km2

(CWS Report 2013)

2. Worlds Largest Congregation of Asiatic

elephants in Kabini Back waters

Density:2.05/km2

Sex Ratio:1:2.41(KFD 2012)

3. Co-existence of Top Predators

HerbivoresDensity (No/km

2)

Spotted deer

29.84

Sambar 3.57

Gaur 3.69

Muntjack 2.42

Wild Pig 2.09

Principal Prey

41.61

4. High density of prey species

( Presence of Hadlu).

(CWS Report 2013)

5. Catchment for three major rivers

(Nagarahole, Lakshmanthirtha & Kabini).

1.

•Protection (Poaching, illegal timber cutting, fire, grazing & disease)

2.

•Habitat Management

3.

•Tribal Relocation & Rehabilitation.

4.

•Tourism Management

5.

•Mitigation of Human Animal Conflict

66.

•Monitoring of Animal PopulationMajor Activities of Nagarahole TR

Protection of Nagarahole TR

FOREST PROTECTION

• Total executive staff in N.T.R. San. strength Filled Vacant

– R.F.O. 9 8 1– Forester 33 26 7– Forest Guard 106 87 19– Forester Watcher 81 79 2

TOTAL 229 200 29

• Anti-Poaching Camps – 27 Camps.• Good wireless communication system.• STPF fully functional 16

Sl. No

Year

No. of Poaching Cases (in

no’s)

Remarks

1 2002-03 23 -2 2003-04 15 Tiger Nail missing

3 2004-05 14 -4 2005-06 06 -5 2006-07 08 Tiger Skin6 2007-08 07 -7 2008-09 08 -8 2009-10 13 Tiger bone & Skin

9 2010-11 08 -10 2011-12 06 -11. 2012-13 0 -12. 2013-14 0 -13. 2014-15 0 -

Poaching cases registered at Nagarahole TR

for the last ten years

Protection against Poaching & illegal timber cutting

28 APC located at strategic points inside NTR

c. Patrolling Strategy

d. STPF deployed on sensitive locations & Emergency situations

e. Periodic surveillances outside the TR & Anti-snare drive

Protection against Fire

Preventive measures: Fire line

S. No.

Wildlife Range Fire line (km)

1 Veeranahosahally 1942 Anechowkur 2383 Kallahalla 2354 Nagarahole 3165 Metikuppe 2226 Antharasanthe 2257 D.B.Kuppe 365

Total : 1795

Fire line cutting and control burning (at selected areas)

Snap Shot of Fire Burnt Area

Special Drive: Sowing of Bamboo seeds in the

Fire burnt area of Nagarahole Range

Back to Normalcy….

Protection against Grazing

1. There are more than 50,000 cattle living around Nagarahole.

2. Some of tribal Haadis inside Nagarahole TR also have cattle

3. With strict protection Cattle grazing is reduced drastically, but not stopped completely.

4. Because of solar fencing cattle grazing was controlled to great extent in the Antharasanthe and DB Kuppe ranges.

Protection against Zoonotic Diseases Vaccination to all cattle present around the

NTR .

60 village covering 15-20000 cattle (HD

Kote taluk).

24 village covering 8-10000 cattle (Hunsur

taluk).

Normally done twice a year during Feb-

March & Aug-Sept.

Vaccination against FMD, Brucellosis, Black

Quarter (cattle) & against Entro-toxemia.

CREATION OF IMMUNITY BELT AROUND NAGARAHOLE TIGER RESERVE (VACCINATION OF CATTLE TO SURROUNDING VILLAGE)

DURING 2013-14

Name of the

Wildlife Range

No. of Cattle No. of Goat &

Sheep

Total

Anechowkur 5,360 1,836 7,196

Veeranahosahally 7,024 2,481 9,505

Total 12,384 4,317 16,701

Protection against traffic along public roads1. There are 3 major roads pass across Nagarahole TRa. Mysore-Manantavady roadb. Hunsur-Kutta road c. H.D.Kotte-Kallahatti-Murkal-Karmad-

Gonikoppal road2. Traffic will be closed between 6 P.M to 6 A.M3. Sufficient number of speed breakers on all

roads.4. Signage boards are placed at suitable places.5. Recently CCTV has been installed in one gate.

Habitat Management

a. De-silting of water holes

b. Maintenance of Hadlus/marshy swamp

c. Removal of lantana at Nagarahole range on experimental basis in a small area during 2014

Habitat Management

Activities

Maintenance of Hadlus

Human-Animal conflict

Captured / rescued tigers / leopards in Nagarahole Tiger Reserve

Name of the place & wildlife range

Date of capture /

rescue

Species Sex Age Remarks

Boodanoor Village by Antharasanthe Range

26/08/2012 Tiger Male 12 Yrs Tranquilized with help of captive elephant



Date of capture /

rescue


Coffee Estate of Kottagere Village by Kallahalla Range

04/12/2012 Tiger Female 3 Yrs Left knee joint struck with barbed wire & Tranquilized



Date of capture /

rescue


Madanayakanahally Village in Antharasanthe Range

17/01/2013 Tiger Male 11 Yrs Tranquilized with help of captive elephant

Human Concerns: Property & Life

Crop Damage

Cattle Kill

Human Injury

Major Strategies in Mitigation of Human-Elephant Conflict

1. Creation & Restoration of Elephant Proof Trench

2. Installation & Effective maintenance of SPF.

3. Construction of size stone masonry wall / rubble stone masonry walls /

erection of barricade using railway rails on weak points along the EPT.

4. Timely payment of compensation for crop damage, human injury or

human death.

5. Scaring of elephants, back into the forests by engaging local villagers for elephant scaring team during night time.

6. Spreading public awareness regarding elephant conservation and do’s & dont’s when elephants stray into human habitations/crop fields.

Other Strategies in Mitigation of Human-Elephant Conflict.

7. Elephant Habitat improvement to contain them inside their habitat. Improved water availability in the

park by de-silting of waterholes. Controlling domestic live stock

grazing inside the park Protection of Natural habitats of

Elephant (Bamboo regeneration). Sowing of Bamboo seeds

S.No

DescriptionLength (Kms)

1. Border Area of Nagarahole Tiger Reserve 226.00

2. Border with Taraka and Kabini Back Water 45.00

3. Inter State Boundary (Kerala) 15.00

4.Boundary with Forest areas( Virajpet and Hunsur territorial Division)

10.00

5.Boundary with coffee estate in Coorg district

71.10

6. Boundary with adjoining villages 84.90

*** Number of villages located along the border areas of NTR: 125 Villages

Border Areas & Land use Pattern around NTR

Coffee Estate

NTR

RF/SF

Villages

Land use pattern around NTR

Reason behind Human-Animal conflict

Rehabilitation site

HUMAN DEATH DUE TO ELEPHANTS IN NAGARHOLE TIGER RESERVE

HUMAN DEATH DUE TO ELEPHANTS IN NAGARHOLE TIGER RESERVE

YEAR HUNSUR H D KOTE VIRAJPET

2010 - 2011 NIL NIL 1

2011 - 2012 1 NIL NIL

2012 - 2013 NIL NIL 4

2013 – 2014 NIL NIL NIL

2014 – 2015 NIL NIL 1

HUMAN INJURY DUE TO ELEPHANTS IN NAGARHOLE TIGER RESERVE

HUMAN INJURY DUE TO ELEPHANTS IN NAGARHOLE TIGER RESERVE

YEAR HUNSUR H D KOTE VIRAJPET

2010 - 11 NIL 2 5

2011 - 12 NIL 3 3

2012 - 13 NIL 8 1

2013 – 14NIL 1 4

2014-151 NIL 1

ELEPHANT DEATHS ELEPHANT DEATHS

S.NO. YEARNATURAL DEATHS

DEATH DUE TO GUN SHOTS

DEATH DUE TO ELECTROCUTION

1 2010 - 11 15 2 NIL

2 2011 - 12 29 1 NIL

3 2012 - 13 51 1 1

4 2013 - 14 24 NIL NIL

5 2014-15 15 NIL NIL

CROP DAMAGE DUE TO ELEPHANTSCROP DAMAGE DUE TO ELEPHANTSYEAR HUNSUR H D KOTE VIRAJPET TOTAL

2010 - 11402

(RS 11,74,494)763

(RS 27,41,363)472

(RS 18,82,864)1,637

(RS 57,98,721)

2011 - 12264

(RS 9,52,030)670

(RS 48,98,893)544

(RS 26,36,631)1,478

(RS 84,87,554)

2012 - 13292

(RS 10,17,260)686

(RS 18,74,357)761

(RS 43,67,340)1,739

(RS 72,58,957)

2013 – 14657

(RS 18,42,020)640

(RS 14,38,020)611

(RS 33,78,735)1,908

(RS 66,58,775)

2014 – 15262

(RS 8,10,867)235

(RS 4,10,045)460

(RS 20,93,461)957

(RS 33,14,373)

TOTAL

RS 3,15,18,380/- including RS 5,57,012/- pending payment

NUMBER OF VILLAGES AFFECTED DUE TO ELEPHANTS

NUMBER OF VILLAGES AFFECTED DUE TO ELEPHANTS

2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-150

102030405060708090

10098 95 91

68

Total Number of Villages Around Nagarahole Tiger Reserve – 125 Villages

No. of Villages Affected

Voluntary Tribal Relocation & Rehabilitation

Nagapura Tribal Rehabilitation

S. No

Name of Relocated site

Year of Relocation

No of families rehabilitated

No of persons rehabilitated

Scheme

1 Block – 1 1999-2000 50 199 BOTD *2 Block – 2 2001-2002 45 185 BOTD 3 Block – 3 2000-2001 45 200 BOTD 4 Block – 4 2000-2001 55 220 BOTD 5 Block – 5 2000-2001 55 220 BOTD 6 Block - 6 2006-2007 30 95 CSS Project

Tiger

* BOTD- Beneficiary Oriented Tribal Development scheme

Kick starting Tribal relocation(Nagapura)

Sollepura Tribal Rehabilitation

S. No


Year of Relocation



Scheme

1 Block - 1 2007-2008 60 203 CSS Project Tiger

From Dark to Light…(Sollepura)

Shettyhally-Lakkapattana Block I

Tribal Rehabilitation (Under Option II)

S. No


Year of Relocation



Scheme

1 Block - 1 2010-2011 & 2014-15

150 594 CSS Project Tiger

From Dark to Light…(Shettyhally- Block I)

Strive to Prosperity…(Shettyhally- Block I)

Shettyhally Rehabilitation area Individual House Modified by the Tribes themselves.

Shettihalli Rehabilitation area (Nov 2010)

Agriculture Operation done completely by Tribes themselves (2012)

Present Status of Human Settlements in TR

S.No

Name of the District

No. of Tribal Haadis

inside CTH

Individual rights to be

settled under FRA*

Individual rights settled

under FRA

Balance Eligible family as per NTCA Guidelines *

1. Mysore 12 347 314 33 502

2. Kodagu 21 935 557 378 1198

Total : 33 1282 871 411 1700

* Subject to change after thorough verification

The proposed package has two options

Option I – Payment of the entire package amount (Rs. 10 lakhs per family) to the family in case the family opts so, without involving any rehabilitation / relocation process by the Forest Department.

Option II – Carrying out relocation / rehabilitation of village from protected area / tiger reserve by the Forest Department.

(a) Agriculture land procurement (3 Acres) and development 35% of the total package

(b) Settlement of rights 30% of the total package

(c) Homestead land and house construction 20% of the total package

(d) Incentive 5% of the total package

(e) Community facilities commuted by the family (access road, irrigation, drinking water, sanitation, electricity, tele-communication, community center, religious places of worship, burial/cremation ground)

10% of the total package

Human Settlements in the interior areas of TR (Phase-I)

S.No

Name of the District


inside CTH


settled under FRA*

Individual rights

settled under FRA


1. Mysore 11 257 246 11 407

2. Kodagu 10 398 259 139 493

Total : 21 655 505 150 900

•Subject to change after thorough verification

- Out of the 23 haadis, Individual Forest Rights have been settled completely in 12 haadis.

Human Settlements on the fringe of TR (Phase-II)

S.No

Name of the

District


inside CTH


settled under FRA*

Individual rights settled

under FRA


1. Mysore 1 90 68 22 95

2. Kodagu 11 537 298 239 705

Total : 12 627 366 261 800

* Subject to change after through verification

Shettyhally-Lakkapattana Block -2 (Heballa)

Tribal Rehabilitation

S. No


Year of Relocation No of houses ready

Scheme

1 Block - 2 126 tribal families are relocated during 2014 & 2015

130 CSS Project Tiger

Providing LPG connection to fringe villages

Year No. of Connection Distributed

2011-12 760 Nos.

2012-13 369 Nos.

2013-14 1627 Nos.

2014-15 263 Nos.

Monitoring the Tiger Population using camera traps- A CSR INITIATIVE BY CSS CORP-

200 PAIRS OF CAMERA WORTH RS.85 LAKHS HAS BEEN GIVEN UNDER CSR TO NTCF

Phase IV Tiger Monitoring

1. Carnivore Sign Survey is in

progress.

2. Installation of 198 pairs of

cameras.

3. Grid (2 x 2 km) is ready for

sampling (placing camera).

4. Camera trap are fixed &

data collected.

Tiger Monitoring through Camera Trapping





82

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Thank U

Environment

Nagarahole