Upload
shephali-bose
View
102
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Our Environment
What is Environment
The physical and biological world where we live is called our
environment.
The physical surroundings includes air (or atmosphere), water
bodies, soil (land).
Biological includes all the organisms such as plants, animals, human
beings and micro-organisms like bacteria and fungi (called
decomposers). All these constituents of the environment are depend
on one another.
So all the constituent of environment interact with one another
and maintain a balance in the environment in a natural way.
Human beings are the only organisms who change the natural environment
to fulfill their needs.
In fact, the uncontrolled activities of human beings are damaging the
balanced and healthy environment more am more.
Biodegradable And Non-biodegrableWaste
Those waste materials which can be broken down to non-poisonous
substances in nature by the action of microorganism like bacteria. Cattle
dung and compost are common e.g. of biodegradable waste.
Waste materials which cannot be broken down into non-poisonous
or harmless substances in nature are called non-biodegradable
wastes. e.g. are plastic bags, metal articles, synthetic fibers etc.
Ecosystem
Natural Ecosystem
forestsponds, lakes
Artificial Ecosystem
garden, crop field
Ecosystem
Ecosystem
Biotic Abiotic
• Biotic: Living components of an ecosystem such as animals & plants are called biotic.
• Abiotic: Non-living components of an ecosystem such as land, water & air are called abiotic.
Producers, Consumers, Decomposers.
Producers
chlorophyll
Consumers
herbivores
carnivores
Decomposers
food chain
omnivores, parasites
FOOD CHAIN
• The above energy pyramid shows many trees & shrubs providing food and energy to giraffes. Note that as we go up, there are fewer giraffes than trees & shrubs and even fewer lions than giraffes ... as we go further along a food chain, there are fewer and fewer consumers. In other words, a large mass of living things at the base is required to support a few at the top ... many herbivores are needed to support a few carnivores.
• Most food chains no more thanhave four or five links.
Food Web
The inter-connected food chains operating in an ecosystem which establish a
network of relationship between various species is called a food web.
The food web has many intercrosses and linkages among the various species
(producers and consumers) present in it. They operate in the form of a
network of food chain.
The Three R’s To Save the Environment
ReduceReduce means that we use less of the natural resource by cutting down on
those practices which lead to their wastage. For e.g. we can reduce the
wastage of electricity by switching of unnecessary light & fans. Saving
electricity means we are saving the use of coal because coal is used to
produce electricity.
Recycle Recycling means that we should collect the used and discarded items of
paper, plastic, glass etc. in order to recycle materials we should first
segregate our domestic waste properly so that materials which can be
recycled do not get dumped along with other household wastes which are
to be thrown away.
Reuse
Reuse means we should use the same things again. For e.g. the plastic jars in
which we buy various food items like jams and pickles etc. can be used later
on for storing things like salt, spices, sugar, tea leaves etc. The process of
reuse is better than that of recycling because energy is used to recycle old
objects.
Plastic recycling
• Plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastics and reprocessing the material into useful products, sometimes completely different in form from their original state.
• For instance, this could mean melting down soft drink bottles and then casting them as plastic chairs and tables.
Ways to reduce plastic use
Bring your own cloth bags to the grocery store (or any
store!).
Don't buy convenience foods packages in plastic.
Segregate waste into dry & wet garbage.
Use rechargeable batteries to reduce buying batteries
packaged in plastic.
Preserve environment !!!
• Proper collection of garbage & converting into manure.
• Use CNG gas in vehicles.
• Reduce pollution.
• Awareness through Documentaries/newspapers
Afforestation
Proper disposal of
factory waste & non biodegrable
waste.
Less usage of
pesticides, fertilizers.
Ban plastic
bags & use paper bags.
Thank you
Made By:
Dhaval AND SAMEEP