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The National Ecosystem
Approach Toolkit
How to build the ecosystem approach into your decision making.
Nature’s vulnerability
• “In many cases nature is ignored or trumped by other economic or social priorities, or seen as a barrier to growth to be overcome.
• The Ecosystem Approach and natural capital help re-frame nature as an asset to society that delivers many benefits”.
Scott 2014
Plan
• Defining Boundaries
• How to be NEATer
• Making a tool of (my)
yourself
• NEATer Case Studies
• Summary and
Questions
What are (y)our boundaries
of concern?
Built Environment Natural Environment
12 NEAT Principles
1:Policy and decision making are matters of societal
CHOICE
2: DEVOLVE decisions to the lowest appropriate level
3: Consider any ADJACENT effects
4: Manage systems economically for MULTIPLE
BENEFITS
5: Maintain structure and function of ECOSYSTEM
SERVICES
6: Manage systems within their LIMITS
Contd.
7: Manage at appropriate spatial and temporal SCALES
8: Recognize different TEMPORAL scales and lag-effects
9: Recognize that CHANGE is inevitable.
10: Seek BALANCE between conservation & use
11: Consider all relevant INFORMATION SOURCES
12: INVOLVE all relevant sectors of society
How to be NEATer : Using
the decision making cycle
• IDEAS
• DELIVER
• From stages to
guidance and
prompts
• Suitable tools
• Relevant case studies
How to be NEATer:
Environment Hooks • Value Ecosystem Services
(NPPF) 4 5 6 10 – Green/Blue Infrastructure
– Ecological networks
– Biodiversity Offsetting
• Regulation (NEWP/NPPF)1 6 7 8
• Incentives (NEWP /NPPF) 1 4 9 10
• Duty to Cooperate (NPPF) 2 3 7 11 12
• Viability (NPPF) 4
• Localism (NPPF/LA) 2 7 8 12
Value Ecosystem Services
109 The planning system
should contribute to and
enhance the natural and
local environment by:
• recognising the wider
benefits of ecosystem
services;
National Character Areas
Opportunity mapping
Nature Improvement Area
• Bigger Better More
Joined up
• Landscape scale
• Enhanced
involvement,
education and cultural
services
• Optional planning
policy protection
BUT How Not to Value
Nature
• Selective cherry
picking of ecosystem
services
• Using financial values
alone
Biodiversity Offsetting
Doncaster
Biodiversity Offsetting
Warwickshire 19 : £2m
Regulatory Tools
• Strategic Environmental
Assessment
• Environmental Impact
Assessment
• Community
Infrastructure levy
• SuDs (Govt U Turn
December 2014)
Incentives:
• Payments for
Ecosystem Services
• Tax Incremental financing
Duty to Cooperate “To engage constructively,
actively and on an ongoing
basis to maximise the effectiveness
of Local Plan preparation
in the context of strategic
cross boundary matters”.
Beyond Housing Fetish
• IDENTIFY Objectively
assessed housing
need
• 5 year housing supply
• REVISE via
constraints or
neighbours
Partnerships
Catchment Management Source: Jim Davies
Env Agency
Viability
• Economic – Developer driven based on
hidden models of delivery costs lacking
equity (social and environmental justice)
• Social – e.g Affordable housing and
community infrastructure/services
• Environmental – e.g limits and thresholds
N Devon &Torridge Plan
• Policy ST11: Enhancing Environmental Assets:
The quality of northern Devon’s natural environment will be protected and enhanced by: …
(g) conserving and enhancing the robustness of northern Devon’s ecosystems and the range of ecosystem services they provide;” (North Devon and Torridge Local Plan, 2013: 54
Key messages
• Need to work across built vs natural
Environment divide
• Complex ecosystem vocabulary
BUT
1. Hooks as starting point for
decisions and tool
development/use
2. Effective partnerships as key
delivery vehicles
3. Shared language(s) of multiple
benefits unites stakeholders.
4. Importance of using EA principles
collectively to inform plan and
decisions
5. Learn by doing
Lets All be NEATer
• @bcualisterscott
