SOCIAL IMPACT

An island nation with…

…the best tidal range resource in Europe and 2nd

best worldwide

…a 1400 year history of tapping it

Shallow waters, suitable bathymetry & population proximity

…variance in tide times offering the potential for 24 hour generation

National Grid GB Transmission System

Tidal lagoon snapshot

Large marine barrier with one ingress/egress

Bidirectional Kaplan bulb turbines enabling generation on the ebb and flood tides

Total power depends on:

1. the tidal “head”; and

2. surface area of the lagoon (scalable)

Takes three years to build

Design life is 120 years

Lagoon interior “flushed” 4 x a day

4Turbine house & sluice gates

Breakwater

Breakwater

Turbine house & sluice gates

Power generation cycle

“We believe that Wales has the potential to be a world-leader

in the marine energy market –as a significant generator and, just as importantly,

as an exporter of marine energy knowledge, technologies and services.”

Energy Wales: A Low Carbon TransitionMarch 2012

Welsh Government

Establishing a blueprint: Swansea Bay Tidal Lagoon

Wall length: 9.5km

Area: 11.5km2

Rated capacity

(@4.5m head): 240MW

Installed capacity: 320MW

Daily generating time: 14 hours

Annual output (net): ~500GWh

Annual CO2 savings: 236,000 t

Design life: 120yrs

Height of wall: 5-20m

Wall above low water: 12m

Wall above high water: 3.5m

Tidal range Neaps: 4.1m

Tidal range Springs: 8.5m

155,000 homes powered: c.90% of Swansea Bay’s

domestic use/ c.11% of Wales’ domestic use

24

155,000 homes powered: c.90% of

Swansea Bay’s

domestic use/ c.11% of Wales’ domestic use

Design evolution: 14 options considered

Breakwater design

Water is impounded by a wall or “breakwater” to create a lagoon

Breakwater comprises bunds of quarry run with sand fill in between

Armour rock is placed on top

Design validation

Physical scale model testing (HR Wallingford laboratories )

• 2D model on 1:35 scale

• Testing of frequent & extreme conditions up to 1 in 500 year storm

• Aim: validate & optimise design on armour & cap stability & overtopping

Construction sequence – 1st season

Construction sequence:

Construct temporary bund – team 1

Construct western bund starting from shore and working out – team 2

Remove ABP breakwater

Construct Phase 1 eastern bund starting from shore – team 2

Installed capacity: 250MW

Annual output:

400GWh (equivalent to

Swansea’s annual dom. electricity

use)

Western Bund 2.5 km

Temporary Bund

Phase 1 of Eastern Bund 2.3 km

Removal of ABP breakwater

Construction sequence – 2nd season

Construction sequence:

Extend DCWW outfall by 1500m

Realignment of Neath Port training wall

Construct phase 2 of the Eastern Bund

Installed capacity: 250MW

Annual output:

400GWh (equivalent to

Swansea’s annual dom. electricity

use)

Phase 2 of Eastern Bund 3.1 km total

Extension of DCWW outfall

Realignment of Neath Port training wall

Construction sequence – 3rd season

Construction sequence:

Remove temporary bund – team 1

Construct final section of Eastern Bund – team 2

Note materials from temporary bund will be re-used where possible in closing the eastern bund.

Installed capacity: 250MW

Annual output:

400GWh (equivalent to

Swansea’s annual dom. electricity

use)

Phase 3 of Eastern Bund 1.5 km total

Remove temporary bund

Grid connection• Along Western bund wall

• South of ABP Queens Dock, and across to Fabian Way

• Along Fabian Way in westbound verge

•Across Crymlyn Burrows SSSI, under existing metalled track

• River Neath crossing –Directional Drilling

Turbine housing

97% availability in the 47 years

93% efficiency on the ebb

75% efficiency on the flood

Year 47 – first overhaul of turbines, 5 turbines received replacement parts

Year 48 – control system to be replaced

Years 1 and 47

Over 45 years of field data

La Rance, salt water, 240MW tidal range power station, Brittany, France

3D model & CFD modelling

• TLP commissioned Deltares (Holland) to do this modelling

• Numerical modelling and physical scale model

• Alignment with turbine model tests and guarantees

• Finished April 2015

Energy modelling

Double regulated bulb turbine

Turbine components

Employment and economic stimulus in Swansea Bay

Construction: Up to 1,900 full time equivalent jobs (FTE) created and supported during construction

Operations, maintenance and associated leisure industries: up to 181 FTE jobs created and supported throughout operational life of lagoon

Gross Value Added: Up to £316m during construction and £76m per annum throughout operational life

Source: The Economic Case for a Tidal Lagoon Industry in the UK, The Centre for Economics and Business Research, July 2014 22

Project delivery

The project’s major delivery partnerships announced so far are:

2426

Turbines Client’s Engineer

Turbines

Equity Partner

Equity Partner

Tidal Lagoon Cardiff

Indicative design:Average tide: 9.21m

Area: 70km2

Length: 22km

Turbines: 60-90

Installed cap: 1,800MW -2,800MW

Annual output: 4TWh-6TWh p/a

Comfortably enough low carbon electricity to power every home in

Wales *

*Average annual electricity consumption per Welsh household = 3,928 kWh. 1.319m Welsh households

Figures are based on a single indicative design iteration and are not necessary representative of any scheme that may be developed

Renewable energy at nuclear scale

But with:

Faster deployment

Longer life

Local ownership

Local supply chain

Safe and inexpensive decommissioning

Coastal flood protection

Amenity value through tourism and recreation

Education, cultural and arts programmes

Conservation, restocking and biodiversity programmes

Big ▪ Sustainable ▪ Safe ▪ Certain ▪ Ours ▪ Here now

6 lagoons 30 TWh 8%30%

UK electricity*= =UK homes

or

*Upon completion of 6 lagoons (2027)

Projected UK power generation ‘27 (DECC, 2013) = 361.4 TWh • Average h’hold consumption (DECC, Mar ‘14) = 3.8 MWh • UK h’holds (ONS, 2013) = 26,414,000

‘The Economic Case for a UK Tidal Lagoon Industry’, Centre for Economics and Business Research, July 2014

1) A national fleet of 6 lagoons would contribute £27bn to UK GDP during 12 years of construction

2) Creating or sustaining 35,800 jobs on average and 70,900 jobs at its peak3) In operation, the fleet would contribute £3.1bn per annum to UK GDP4) Creating or sustaining as many as 6,400 jobs5) Potential to increase net exports by £3.7bn per year – equivalent to 13% of the

current trade deficit

Key findings:

-

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

20

13

20

14

20

15

20

16

20

17

20

18

20

19

20

20

20

21

20

22

20

23

20

24

20

25

20

26

20

27

20

28

20

29

20

30

Biomass

Tidal lagoon

Hydro

Wind, solar, wave, tidalstreamNuclear

Gas

Oil

Coal and gas CCS

Coal

Source: DECC Updated Energy & Emissions Projections - September 2013, Cebr projections for 6 UK tidal lagoons

GWh

International potential

313 GW of potential tidal range capacity identified to date:

Europe: Russia, UK, France, Germany

Americas: Canada, US, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina

Asia: China, India, S Korea

Australia

At least 80 GW capacity assessed as holding potential for commercial development

Valuing the global tidal range pipeline at £383bn

1914

Source: The Economic Case for a Tidal Lagoon Industry in the UK, The Centre for Economics and Business Research, July 2014. Analysis including Bernshtein (1996), Baker (1991), Clark (2007)