View
531
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Water and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
Peter G. McCornick, PhD, PE, D.WRE.
World Water Day Dialogue: Water, jobs and prosperity in Sri Lanka - Partnerships for sustainability
International Water Management InstitutePelawatta, Sri Lanka
March 23rd, 2016
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
World Economic Forum, Global Risks Report 2016
Water Risk
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Van der Bliek, McCornick & Clark (2014)
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Context is crucial
Context if crucial - Countries at different stages of economic development
SDG targets Stage 1 – Fully informal
Stage 2 – Largely informal
Stage 3 – Rapidly formalizing
Stage 4 – Fully formal water industry
Target 1 Investment Invest in local infrastructure to improve water access
Invest in meso-level infrastructure for sustainable development of water resources
Invest in improving water productivity and waste recycling
Invest in 100% coverage in high quality water service provision
Target 2 Institutional Make informal water institutions equitable
Integrate informal water institutions with formal ones in private or public sector
Create meso-level participatory water institutions
Create a full-fledged water industry with proactive regulator
Target 3 Policy and legal regime
Establish basic water information system
Establish water policy and legal regime
Establish basin-level water allocation mechanism
Full-fledged basin management authorities
Target 4 Financial sustainability
Establish the principle of water as a social and economic good
Provide a subsidy on operational and maintenance costs to 50%
Apply a 75% service fee for recovery of operational and maintenance costs of water infrastructure
Apply 100% water service as well as resource fee for management, operations and maintenance costs
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all
6.1 by 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all
6.2 by 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all, and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations
6.3 by 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials, halving the proportion of untreated wastewater, and increasing recycling and safe reuse by x% globally
6.4 by 2030, substantially increase water-use efficiency across all sectors and ensure sustainable withdrawals and supply of freshwater to address water scarcity, and substantially reduce the number of people suffering from
water scarcity
6.5 by 2030 implement integrated water resources management at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate
6.6 by 2020 protect and restore water-related ecosystems, including mountains, forests, wetlands, rivers, aquifers and lakes
6.A
Clean Water & Sanitation SDG
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Managing groundwater sustainably
• Agricultural is the largest user of groundwater globally
• 44% of global food production is produced by groundwater, of which 33% is from non-renewable sources
• India, China, Bangladesh and Pakistan = 1 billion households depend on GW for agriculture
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Installation of agro-wells and pumps 1965-2000
• Groundwater management in Sri Lanka is at a very nascent stage
• Multiple mandates governing groundwater are across various institutions
• Threatens the resource
Groundwater (agro-well) in Sri Lanka: A silent revolution
• Farmer’s private investments• Generates livelihoods and jobs along the
value chain• Enables crop diversification• Increases resilience
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Managing groundwater sustainably
Rehabilitation
Revitalization is more than just rehabilitation
Inte
rnati
onal
Wat
er M
anag
emen
t Ins
titut
e
Pehur High Level Canal, Pakistan
Davi
d M
olde
n/IW
MI
ProductivityFunctioning Ecosystems
Ham
ish Jo
hn A
pple
by/I
WM
I
Rich
ard
Stec
kel/I
WM
I
People
Revitalizing irrigation systems for food, water, energy and ecosystems services
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
• One million new farm tube-wells are sunk in India every year, each one relying on electric or diesel powered pumps.
• It takes an average of roughly 2,500 liters of water to produce 1 liter of liquid biofuel - the same amount needed, on average, to produce food for one person for one day.
Water, Energy, Food & EnvironmentSDG 6, 7, 2, 14 and others
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
SDG targets on wastewater management, recycling & reuse: other nexus benefits → reduced energy for chemical fertilizers, recovery of nutrients
Multiple benefits from wastewater reuse, food security and energy reduction
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
• SDG 12.5 - substantially reduce waste generation through prevention, reduction, recycling and reuse
• SDG 6.6.1 on water related ecosystems
Safeguarding our water bodies
Solid waste
Liquid waste
Eravur
Kalmunai
Co-Composti
ng
Partnering with the Central Environmental Authority (CEA) to facilitate its use in Sri Lanka
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
• Achieving the SDG goal 6.6.1 on water related ecosystems• Working with the Central Environmental Authority (CEA) to facilitate its
use in Sri Lanka
Healthy Rivers
How much water should be left in rivers to ensure they remain healthy?(Sri Lanka Environmental Flow Calculator)
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Ratnapura
Nuwara Eliya
Anuradhapura
Vulnerability index
• Directly relevant to SDG Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
• Identify highly vulnerable areas
• Identify river basins which have the highest potential (best candidates) for further increases in surface water storage capacity
• Provide capacity building and expert advice to the Ministry of Mahaweli Development and Environment on climate change
Adapting to Climate ChangeImproved water management is critical
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Water productivity is an indicator of the efficient use of water; water accounting is a monitoring tool.
Water Accounting Plus (WA+) – partnership: IWMI, UNESCO-IHE, FAO – uses global open access data and the development of an international standard to express complex water management issues.
WA+ presents the data in different sheets, allowing easy and quick access to particular topics, such as agricultural production, ecosystem services, useable flows and groundwater depletion.
Targets & Monitoring: Water accounting
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
Partnerships: Achieving all water-related goals will require a broad partnership within the water sector and beyondOpportunities for Growth: Emphasis should be on facilitating a sustainable and equitable growth path.Balancing the Scales: Large scale investments in water resources and agriculture need to complement, rather than undermine, small-scale producersIntegration: Thinking across sectors and out of the ‘sectoral boxes’ has produced practical solutions
Overarching messages
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world
• Consider the contextual realities in a given country• Determine practical national targets, requirements
and solutions for achieving targets and measuring progress
• Identify evidence-based solutions and interventions
Further Steps
www.iwmi.orgA water-secure world