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What do we have in common?What are the unique features in our countries?
Common Points
Green growth framework: Plunder of resources:
plantations, mining, coal, dams, mega/large roads/highways/ports,
energy projects which are old extractive/destructive activities but now with a GREEN label
(e.g. conservation, etc.)
What is Extractivism?Taking not making
Sucking out of unprocessed wealth/raw materials more
intensively Need to be done cheaply to generate maximum profits
Many states now are dependent from
extractivism for their own survival.
They get funds from extractive activities benefiting local
politicians, officials and supported by policies, laws and regulations.
Rights are not connected to JUSTICE.
- Peoples’ rights become list of things to be “checked”.
- Processes such as Free, prior and informed consent in the Philippines, SEIA in Malaysia, RSPO in Indonesia, “No Rights, No REDD”, public hearings, etc. are part of a broader strategy to MANAGE RESISTANCE and ALLOW DESTRUCTIVE PROJECTS to go
ahead.- Long-term social damage (plus
environmental and economic damages) divides families, communities, etc.
Local people are blamed for environmental
destruction/considered as the problems.
- Blamed for the refusal to participate in government projects, called as anti-
development, anti-state, communists.- Culture of impunity through laws, regulation,
social practices that blame communities- Burden of proof on communities to prove that they are indigenous, that they live in the land
for a long time. But no burden of proof on companies.
-Criminalization of struggles
Violence and repression against people.
- Physical violence and killing, public assassinations
- Threats/intimidation- Enforced disappearances.
-Legal violence using courts, laws, etc.- Militarized conservation areas
Involvement of many actors
(old and new)- Companies, consultants, NGOs, governments (many levels/forest laws), IFIs such as World Bank, ADB, UN agencies, economists,
donors, local brokers, communities
- Collusion between state and investors, between military and
conservation groups
Local people and communities taking charge of their resistance, advocacy
and reversing blame strategy.- Ecological restoration, building local
economies-Self-education and community learning
- Community exchanges & people-to-people solidarity
- Mobilizations and movement building- Legal strategies and policy changes
- Action research, documentation - Use of cultural practices, beliefs and
traditions, etc.
Post-conflict era and rebuilding (esp. in
Myanmar, Cambodia)- Through peace processes, new laws and regulations are being
developed with foreign actors and massive foreign investments
coming in, which occur on top of existing social conflicts
Unique Features
Each country has particular histories,
historical injustices and politics
continuing to play out today
The strength of ethnic and cultural identities varies from country to country.
Did we capture the discussions?
Anything we miss?