Work Place Exposure & Reproductive Effects

Dr S K Haldar

Hazardous Agents• Drugs - Anesthetic Drugs / Gases, Cytotoxic, Stillbesterol .• Industrial Chemicals - 2-Ethoxy Ethanol, Lead (Inorganic),

Manganese, Inorganic Mercury, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs).

• Pesticides – Carbaryl, Chlorodecon, Chloroprene, 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro Propane, 2,4-Dichloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid, Ethylene Di Bromide.

• Solvents - CS2• Non Chemical Agents - X-Rays, Microwave, Noise,

Vibration, Physically Tiring Work, Strenuous Exercise.

Drugs:-

Drugs Males Females

Anesthetic Drugs/Gases

Increased minor Malformation of offspring

1) Abortions2) Foetal Growth Retardation

Cytotoxic Unknown 1) Abortions2) Malformations

Stillbesterol 1) Gynecomastia2) Loss of Libido3) Impotence

Infertility

Industrial Chemicals

Industrial Chemicals Males Females

2-Ethoxy Ethanol 1)Oligospermia2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology

Unknown

Lead (Inorganic) 1)Oligospermia2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology3)Decreased Sperm Motility

1)Decreased Fertility2)Abortions3)Stillbirth4)Neonatal Deaths

Manganese 1)Decreased Libido2) Impotence

Unknown

Inorganic Mercury Unknown 1)Menstrual Disorders2)Abortions3) Malformations4) Stillbirth

Polychlorinated Biphenyls(PCBs)

Unknown 1)Minor Malformations2) Foetal Growth Retardation3) Stillbirth4)Postnatal Deaths5)Concentrated in Milk

PesticidesPesticides Males FemalesCarbaryl 1)Abnormal Sperm Morphology Unknown

Chlorodecon 1)Oligospermia2) Decreased Sperm Motility3)Abnormal Sperm Morphology

Concentrated in Milk

Chloroprene 1) Decreased Sperm Motility2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology

Unknown

1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloro Propane

1)Oligospermia2)Azospermia

Unknown

2,4-Dichloro Phenoxy Acetic Acid

1)Decreased Sperm Motility2)Abnormal Sperm Morphology

Unknown

Ethylene Di Bromide

1)Oligospermia2) Decreased Sperm Motility & Viability3)Altered Sperm Morphology

Unknown

Solvents:- CS2

In Males – 1)Oligospermia2)Impotence3)Abnormal Sperm Morphology

In Females – 1)Menstrual Disorders2)Abortions3)Premature Births

Non Chemical Agents

Agents Males Females

X-Rays Decreased Fertility 1)Developmental Toxicity2)Teratogenicity

Microwave Unknown 1)Teratogenicity2) Perinatal Death

Noise Unknown 1)Abortion2)Foetal Growth Retardation

Vibration Unknown Menstrual Disorders

Physically Tiring Work Unknown Amenorrhoea

Strenuous Exercise Unknown 1)Abortion2)Stillbirth2)Foetal Growth Retardation