Experience in dairy policy development in Assam

Experiences of Policy development for dairysector in Assam

Dr.M.Islam Barbaruah

Managing Rural Development in North EastIndia: Perspective, Policies and Experiences

Tezpur, Nov 7-8, 2014

Assam Dairy Sector : At a glance• Assam with 70 gm / day ranks 32 out of the 36 Indian states in

terms of per capita milk availability. ( Constant rank ! )• Per capita milk consumption per day ( State average ) 55 gm

against national average of 247 gm / day and ICMR guidelineof 208 gm per day.

• Livestock population is showing a negative growth-trend forindigenous cattle, buffalo.

• Productivity of crossbred cattle in the State is 3.68 lit of milkper animal per day, compared to India’s average of 6.84 lit peranimal, per day.

• Percent cross-bred population is < 5% ( Total 8.25 m)• Overall approximate cost of production of milk around

Guwahati Rs.12.95 per lit against Indian average of Rs.9.2 perlit. ( High import dependency for feed and UHT milk )

• >95% milk is traded through informal sector.• There is 33% increase in price of un-processed livestock

products in Guwahati city (2006, ILRI )Managing Rural Development in North EastIndia: Perspective, Policies and Experiences


:GENERATION OF EMPLOYMENT

EMPLOYMENT IN ASSAM’S DAIRY SECTOR –A QUICKGLANCE TO STATISTICS. ( 1999-00 Computed from unit level NSSO)

Rural Urban All Rural(%) Urban(%)

35000 27000 62000 57 43

ScheduledCaste

ScheduledTribes

OtherBackwardclasses

Others

8.9 9.2 26.6 55.3

% DISTRIBUTION ACROSS SOCIAL GROUP

Where are we?Managing Rural Development in North EastIndia: Perspective, Policies and Experiences


The Vision



The priority issues :

• Breed development vis a vis Importation of cattle /semen.

• Streamlining of unorganized sector (Creating demandfor local milk and milk products ! ).

• Credit flow vis a vis sustainability of enterprises withinthe value chain.

• Decreasing population vis a vis illegal trade ofproductive dairy animals.

• Feed resource availability vis a vis marketcompetitiveness of local enterprises.

• Availability of Technical / Supervisory manpower.• Veterinary Service delivery and Public health.



Example of debate on Service delivery:The 5 A’s of Service Delivery vis a vis The last mile problem

• Availability

• Accessibility

• Acceptability

• Adequacy

• AffordabilityManaging Rural Development in North EastIndia: Perspective, Policies and Experiences


Example of debate on Public Health

• Control of contagious and Zoonotic diseases• Nutrition.• Food Safety• Drug Resistance• Animal Welfare





Key drawback of Policy development in NER of India



The Managerial perspective for change inDairy Sector :

• Leadership ( e.g. Visioning, Stakeholderengagement, Policy & Planning )

• Development Project Management ( Thecomplete cycle ! )

• Agriculture Public Expenditure Review.• Cost and trade competitiveness analysis.• Demand and Supply analysis.• Entrepreneurship analysis.



Country level Landscape of use of some policy tools



Policy Tools Observed use of toolsIndia

( study states only)Bangladesh Nepal

Decentralization* Yes Yes YesCost recovery of animal health services** Yes No Yes

Support to vocational skill training in animal health care Yes ( Preliminary ) Yes (Preliminary ) YesSubcontracting of services to private. No*** No YesSubsidies to private service providers Yes**** No YesRecognition of Community Animal Health Workers Not used Not used Used

Support to Membership based organizations for service infrastructuredevelopment / delivery

Limited use Limited use Limited use

Direct subsidies to livestock farmers for animal health(E.g. voucher etc.)

No used Not used Not used

Direct subsidies on veterinary drugs ( Free distribution) Limited use ( To poorfamilies)

Limited use (To poorfamilies )

Limited use ( To poorfamilies )

Direct subsidies on veterinary vaccines ( Free distribution) Used for scheduleddiseases during massvaccination

Used for scheduleddiseases during massvaccination

Used for scheduleddiseases during massvaccination.

Joint human –animal health system Not tested Not tested Not tested

Source: M I Barbaruah (2014)



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