THE HUMAN BODY AND INTERACTION

Alberto Serna Ramírez 6º de Primaria

Unit 1

THE THREE VITAL FUNCTIONS

3 VITAL FUNCTIONS :

NUTRITION INTERACTION REPRODUCTION

EXAMPLES OF NUTRITION

EXAMPLES OF INTERACTION

EXAMPLES OF REPRODUCTION

THE FIVE SYSTEMS THE

DISGESTIVE SYSTEM

THE RESPIRATORY

SYSTEM

THE CIRCULATORY

SYSTEM

THE EXCRETORY

SYSTEM

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM The digestive system breaks down the food we eat into

smaller molecules that our body can absorb. The stomach and the intestines are organs of digestive system.

THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM The respiratory system absorbs oxygen into the

body and releases carbon dioxide. The lungs and the trachea are organs of the respiratory system.

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The circulatory system transports blood all over

the body. The heart is an organ of the circulatory system.

THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM The excretory system eliminates the waste our

body produces. The kidneys are organs of the excretory system.

HEALTHY HABITS EAT A

BALANCED DIET

DO EXERCISE

HAVE A GOOD POSTURE

SPEND TIME WITH YOUR

FRIENDS

KEEP CLEAN WITH GOOD

HYGIENE

THE INTERACTION FUNCTION

TYPES OF STIMULI

EXTERNAL STIMULI

INTERNAL STIMULI

THE INTERACTION FUNCTIONS

EXTERNAL STIMULI Outside the body . Our sense

organs capture these stimuli and send a message to the brain. Example: I´m cold.

INTERNAL STIMULI Inside the body. Receptor

organs inside our body receive these stimuli. The stomach is a receptive organ because it takes in food. Example : I´m hungry.

TYPES OF RESPONSE MOTOR RESPONSE

Happen when the muscles move. For example, we stretch our arms to catch the ball.

GLANDULAR RESPONSE Glands produce a substance.

For example, when we feel too hot, our body sweats. Sweat glands produce sweat.

THE SENSORY SYSTEM

THE FIVE SENSES

SMELL

TASTE

TOUCHSIGHT

HEARING

THE SENSE OF SMELL

Olfactory receptors are in the nasal cavity next to the pituitary area. The sense of smell needs the sense of taste in order to work properly.

THE SENSE OF TASTE

Taste receptors are on the tongue. They are small bumps called taste buds. Taste buds help us taste the difference between sweet, sour, bitter and salty flavours.

THE SENSE OF TOUCH

The skin is the main organ of the sense of touch. Touch receptors can detect temperature, pressure, pain and texture.

THE SENSE OF SIGHT

The eyes are the organ that give us the sense of sight. Light enters the eyes through the pupil, the lens and the retina. The retina sends stimuli to the brain through the optic nerve.

THE SENSE OF HEARING

The ears are the organ of the sense of hearing. The outer ear collects sounds. This sounds passes through the inner ear canal, the middle ear and the three small bones. Then the sounds reach the cochlea and the auditory nerve. The auditory nerve sends signals to the brain.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEMIt controls our entire body: 1. SENDING 2. RECEIVING 3. INTERPRETING From all the parts of our body.

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

SENSE ORGANS

SENSORY NERVES

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

SPINAL CORD: INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS

BRAIN : IT MAKES

DECISIONS

MOTOR NERVES: COORDINATES THE

INFORMATION RECEIVED AND SENDS

SIGNALS TO THE MUSCLES.

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

THE MUSCULOSKELETAL

SYSTEM

INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS: OUR

REFLEXES

VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS :

PRODUCED BY BRAIN

THE BRAIN

THE BRAIN HAS 3 PARTS:

CEREBRUM : VOLUNTARY RESPONSE

CEREBELLUM : CONTROLS

BALANCE AND COORDINATION

THE BRAIN STEM : CONTROLS THE

ORGAN FUNCTION: HAERTBEAT

THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM:

IS MADE UP OF :

MUSCLES: CAN STRETCH AND CONTRACT.

BONES: IT PROTECTS THE INTERNAL

ORGANS.

LIGAMENTS: CONNECT BONES TO

EACH OTHER.

TENDONS: ATTACH MUSCLES TO THE

BONES.