Government acts to reduce

poverty in India

Submitted By

Ankit Bhandari

IT, II year, IV

sem

Submitted to:

Prof. Komal Sharma

What is Poverty?

The word poverty comes from old French poverté(Modern French: pauvreté), meaning poor. There are several definitions of poverty depending on the context of the situation in is placed in and the views of the person giving the definition.

Slums in India

World Bank criterion for defining

poverty (population living on less

than 1 dollar day)

Criterion of deciding poverty by

the Indian Government If the average monthly

consumption expenditure is taken as the benchmark of what an individual needs to survive, the poverty line would be Rs 66.10 for urban areas and Rs35.10 for rural regions, while about 65% of the population is be below this cutoff (figures are of 2009-10)

A new set of

official

statistics

Indian govt. policies lowering

poverty Jawhar Gram Samridhi Yojna

This programme was later called johara rozgaryoga then got changed to Jawaharlal Nehru. .It was started on 1 April 1999. The main aim of this programme was development of rural areas. educational(schools) and infrastructure like hospitals. Its secondary objective was to give out sustained wage employment. This was only given to BPL (below the poverty line)familnder was to be spent for individual beneficiary schemes for SCs and ST's and 3% for establishment of barrier free infrastructure for the disabled people

the village panchayats are a part of the people and understand their needs. 1841.80 crorerupees was used and they had a target of 8.57 lakh works, 5.07 lakh works were completed during 1999-2000.

National family Benefit

Scheme(NFBS)

This scheme was started in August 1995 by GOI. It was transferred to the state sector scheme after 2002-03. This scheme provides a sum of 10000Rs to a person of a family who become the head of the family after the death of its primary breadwinner. A breadwinner is a person who is above 18 who earns the most for the family and the family survives on his/her earnings. It is for families below the poverty line.

ANNAPURNA

This scheme was started by the government in 1999-2000 to provide food to senior citizens who cannot take care of themselves and are not under the targeted public distribution system(TPDS), and who have no one to take care of them in their village. This scheme would provide 10 kg of free food grains a month for the eligible senior citizens. The allocation for this scheme as off 2000-01 was Rs 100 crore.

Rural Housing-Indira Awaas

Yojana(IAY) This scheme aimed at

creating housing for everyone. It aimed at creating 20 lakh housing units out of which 13lakhs were in rural area.Thisscheme also would give out loans to people at subsidized rates to make houses .It was started in 1999-2000. In in 1999-2000 1438.39 crore Rs was used for this scheme and about 7.98 lakh units were built. In 2000-01 an central outlay of 1710.00 crores Rs was provided for this scheme.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural

Employment Guarantee Act

(MGNREGA)

Started in 2005, this scheme guarantees 100 days of paid work to people in the rural areas. The scheme has proved to be a major boost in Indian rural population's income.

Despite these and many more

Govt. acts(yojanas), is there a

change in poverty in India

Population

change of

India over

time

Conclusion

Despite launching new proposals/plans by our govt. ,we have manged to overkill poverty by more than half (app. 64% to 30%) from 60’s till 2005.

But the population has 3-4 times increased, the figure of people earlier were 200-250 million have rised to 300-450 million, despite our aim in lowering poverty ratio we haven’t lowered the total population below the poverty line

Causes

Rapidly Rising Population:The

population during the last 45 years

has increased at the rate of 2.2% per

annum. On average 17 million people

are added every year to its population

Low Productivity in Agriculture:

Low Rate of Economic Development:

Unemployment

Price Rise

Under Utilized Resources:The

existence of under employment and

disguised unemployment of human

resources and under utilization of

resources has resulted in low

production in agricultural sector.

Political Factors

Social Factors

Ways to stop poverty

Inspite of govt. efforts to stop poverty has only decresed the percentage but risen the amount, the major steps in complete stoppage are Increase access to education The guarantee of shelter, healthcare,

education, food and drinking water as basic human rights that must be provided free to all.

A total redistribution of idle lands to landless farmers and the imposition of a 50% cap on arable land devoted to products for export per country

An end to private monopoly ownership over natural resources, with a minimum of 51% local communal ownership in corporations

The termination of tax havens around the world as well as free flow of capital in developing countries.

A commitment by industrialized countries to decrease carbon emission by 50% over a ten-year period as well as reducing by 25% each developed country%u2019s consumption of natural resources.