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PSUS 6230 UP: SUSTAINABLE COMM DESIGN STUDIO: PLANNING
FOR HEALTH POLICY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Introduction to Health and the Built EnvironmentSeptember 3,2015
Overview
•Introductions and Review of the Syllabus•Questions•Public Health and Planning’s Joint
Foundation•Emergence of the two disciplines•Policy and Public Health Assessments
Public Health and Planning Foundations
Connections Made Between Disease and Sanitation
The Divergence of the Disciplines
By 1894, public health began to focus more on the medical than the physical environment
• Widespread use of medication and the new “antibiotics”
• Improved living conditions• Physical environment increasingly less important
As a result of the success of the sanitation movement in the latter half of the 19th century:• Building standards• Indoor plumbing• New York Tenement Housing Act of 1901: daylight,
natural ventilation, sanitation and security
Public Health’s Emerging Focus: 1950-2005
•Deaths from cancer, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, injuries
•Causes thought to be primarily biologic, not as much environmental/ behavioral
•Hospitals, medical specialists, intensive care units, biomedical research, pharmaceuticals
Public Health and Public Planning
Public Health Public Planning
Where we live not affect our health outcomes
What are the domains where these effects
occur?
Land Use Patterns
Suburban Orlando Lehigh Acres
Transportation
• Air pollution: American Lung Association estimates annual health cost due to air pollution from motor vehicles is $4.5 to $93 billion
• Sedentary lifestyle: Sitting in traffic decreases mental well-being and increases weight gain
• Walking and biking: Pedestrian injury is the third leading cause of death for children 15 and younger
Harvard Study on Transportation and Health
• Studied 83 largest urban areas
• At least 2,200 premature deaths in 2010
• Public health cost estimated at $17.8 Billion associated with:• Morbidity• Health care• Insurance• Accidents
www.transportationconstructioncoalition.org
What if 1,950 UNCC Students, Faculty, & Staff Rode the BLE?
$$ Save $450 in Parking/Year and $10/Day in Driving Costs
Could Save Another $9,120/Year in Car Ownership Expenses
The University Could Save $8.56 M in Constructing a New Parking Deck
What About Health Care and Quality of Life Savings?
What if 24,500 Extra People Rode the BLE to Work?
$$ CATS Would Generate an Additional $27 M in Revenue Each Year
75 Million Vehicle Miles Would be Avoided Saving:
• $96,800 in Air Quality
• $3.8 M in Traffic Congestion
• $27 M in Collision Reductions
• $11.3 M in Road Maintenance
More People Would be Physically Active Reducing the Health Care Cost of Physical Inactivity by $1,400 per Person
Air Quality Would Improve Reducing the Health Care Cost of Asthma by $3,300 per Person
Each Year of Life Saved through Healthier Behavior, Avoided Crashes, and Higher Education equals $130,000
P
Savings Due to the Blue Line Extension
Total Estimated Benefits: $1.2 Billion/Year
Food Systems
• Food is a regional issue: Your food should come from the closest place possible geographically
• Food insecurity: community gardens, urban agriculture
• What’s in our food?
Access to Parks and Open Space
Parks and other aspects of the built environment are often not viewed as part of the medical or health care system. The Commission to Build a Healthier America states that the most important types of preventative care are “outside of the traditional medical care setting, in the places where we live, learn, work, play, and worship”
(Williams, McClellan, & Rivlin, 2010 )
In 2010, less than ½ of school-aged children had parks, community centers and sidewalks in their neighborhoods
Rate of 9 recreational facilities per 100,000 population
31% of population live within half a mile of a park
http://www.cdc.gov/physicalactivity/downloads/PA_State_Indicator_Report_2010.pdf
Parks and Open Space
Assignment: Literature review of one of the topics
listed. The assignment is due by 5:30 next Thursday
evening via Blackboard to Professor Whitehead
