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Integrating Safety in the Rural Planning Process
Workshop
December 4, 2014
Technical Report
• Introduction
• Safety and Transportation Planning
• Methods for Integrating Safety in the Planning Process
• Linking Planning Documents
• Case Studies, Resources, Implementation Tool
Research Approach
• Literature and websites/web resources
• Technical Oversight Working Group– Androscoggin Valley COG
– Central Arizona Governments
– Iowa DOT
– Lake County/City Area PC
– North Central Pennsylvania RPDC
– Ohio DOT
– Piedmont Triad RPC
– Pueblo of Acoma
– Two–Rivers Ottauquechee RC
– FHWA
The Rural Safety Context
• 19 percent of the United States population lives in rural areas, but rural fatalities account for 54
percent of all fatalities*
• 18,170 out of 33,561 fatalities occurred in rural areas*
• Contributing factors: Exposure, Physical Limitations, Multimodal Facilities, Speed (crash severity), Roadway Geometry
* 2012 Data
Role of RPOs
• Rural transportation planning organizations (RPOs)
– Assist state (DOTs) and work with the public and local officials to understand the transportation needs for nonmetropolitan areas
BEFORE
AFTER
RPO Planning Processes
• Develop a regional transportation plan
• Provide input into the statewide plan
• Coordinate the development of other planning documents
Data Collection and Analysis
Multidisciplinary Coordination and Input
Development of Goals and Objectives
Identification of Performance Measures and Targets
Project Prioritization and Programming
Monitoring and Evaluation
Public Involvement and Outreach
Planning Tasks
Project Objective
SAFETYData Collection and Analysis
Multidisciplinary Coordination and Input
Development of Goals and Objectives
Identification of Performance Measures and Targets
Project Prioritization and Programming
Monitoring and Evaluation
Public Involvement and Outreach
Planning Tasks
RPO Planners Role
• Forum for identifying regional priorities
• Conduct public involvement
• Connection to elected officials
• Lead or support long range planning processes
• Staff expertise
• Boots on the ground
• Champions
Exercise: How are you addressing safety?
• Put a dot on the flip chart paper that corresponds with the activities you complete in your regular planning process where you feel safety IS included or addressed.
Methods for Integrating Safety in the Transportation Planning Process
Public Involvement/Outreach
Public Involvement and Outreach
Solicit input to inform planning decisions
• Utilize available public involvement tools to collect information on transportation safety issues and needs
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Public Involvement Methods
• Surveys and Comment Cards
• Open Houses
• Outreach Materials
– Websites
– Newsletters
Potential Safety Survey/Comment Card Questions
• In what specific areas is transportation safety a concern (i.e., walking, biking, intersections, rail crossings)?
• What are your ideas for safety solutions?
• What specific locations or roadways do you perceive as having a safety problem?
Exercise: Defining Safety
At a regional meeting, such as a transportation advisory committee
meeting, it may be beneficial to schedule time in the agenda to ask: What does
transportation safety mean to you?
Exercise: Defining Safety
• Safety – “Reducing fatalities, serious injuries, and economic loss resulting from crashes on the transportation system”
Multidisciplinary Coordination
Multidisciplinary Coordination
Using committees to inform planning decisions
• Discuss safety at committee meetings
• Include traditional/non-traditional safety stakeholders on committees
• Host safety workshops
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Safety Stakeholders
• Enforcement
– Local, State Police
• Emergency Response
– Hospital Staff, EMTs, Nurses, Doctors, Administrators
• Educators
– Teachers, Student Advisory Groups
• Engineers
Committee Meetings
• Discuss safety topics with existing committees
–Policy –Technical
–Modal/Special Interest –Citizens
Committee Meetings
• Agenda Ideas– Presentation on the SHSP
– Program and fund transportation safety projects
– Present/review regional crash data
– Annual review of regional high-crash locations
– Overview of road safety audits and solicit committee interest
– Planning for a regional safety workshop
Safety Committees – Iowa MDSTs
• MPOs and RPOs are intended to have a multidisciplinary safety team
• Participants
– Planners, engineers, law enforcement, emergency response, incident response, Iowa DOT central and district staff, and Iowa State University
Safety Committees – Iowa MDSTs
• Agenda Items
– Facilitated safety discussions, safety audits, crash analysis workshops, and construction zone management
• All applicable activities are incorporated into RPO/MPO planning and programming
Safety Workshops or Summits
• Engage stakeholders specifically on safety issues
– Education Focused
– Working Meetings
Peer Experience
• Multidiscipinary coordination
• Doug Plachinski, Berkshire RPC (MA)
Data Collection and Analysis
Data Collection and Analysis
Identify regional trends and issues
• Collect and analyze safety data (crash, volume, roadway) to identify goals, objectives, and project/program priorities.
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Identify and Access Available Data
• State crash/roadway database
• Regional/local crash database
• Generated Crash Reports
• Local law enforcement
• LTAP/TTAP
• Local safety agencies/ organizations (MADD)
• Safety Planning Documents
• Qualitative data (surveys)
Data RetrievalCrash Analysis Tool
Data Retrieval
Each year, the California DOT (Caltrans) prepares an Annual Report of Fatal and Injury Motor Vehicle Traffic Collisions from the Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS),
providing summaries by jurisdiction, type of crash, contributing factors, and other characteristics to
all the RTPOs.
Generated Reports
Analyze Data
• High Crash Locations and Crash Clusters
• Spatial Analysis
• Crash Frequency
• Trend Analysis
• Crash rates
• Crash Types and Contributing Factors
• Systemic Analysis
• Network Screening
Analyze Data
Piedmont Triad Regional Council Speed Mgmt Study
County Level Analysis – Frequency tables using crash data variables were used to identify countywide trends and general crash factors associated with speeding-related crashes.
Network Screening – Identified routes where severe and/or speeding-related crashes are over represented compared with other similar routes.
Spatial Analysis – GIS was used to rank schools by severe and speeding-related crashes, and to rank road sections with crashes on/near curves.
Peer Experience
• Data and analysis
• Jeannette Wierzbicki, Ohio Mid-Eastern Governments Association (OMEGA)
Goals and Objectives
Goals and Objectives
Desired transportation outcomes and methods for
achievement
• Utilize public and stakeholder input, the results of data analysis, and information in other plans to develop safety goals and objectives in planning documents
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Use Public and Stakeholder Input
Goal: Improve Pedestrian Safety
Objective: Complete missing segments of sidewalks along major roads.
Use Data
Goal: Reduce fatalities and major injuries that result from motor vehicle crashes.
Goal: Reduce fatalities and serious injuries that result from motor vehicle crashes.
Objectives: • Implement findings from road-safety
audits at the top intersections or road segments with high numbers of rear-end crashes.
• Implement rear-end crash reduction strategies as identified by the DOT.
Review Other Planning Documents
• Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP)
• Highway Safety Plan (HSP)
• Local Comprehensive Plan
• State/MPO LRTPs
• State/MPO Modal Plans– Bicycle/Pedestrian
– Freight
– Transit
Performance Measures and Targets
Performance Measures and Targets
Tool to track and evaluate progress towards
transportation goals
• Identify performance measures and targets to track and evaluate progress toward the safety goals, objectives, programs, and/or projects.
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Match Performance Measures to Goals and Objectives
Goal: Safe Transportation System
Performance Measure: Number of fatalities and serious injuries
Goal: Improve Bicycle Safety
Performance Measure: Number of bicycle fatalities
Exercise: Goal > Objective > Measure
• In groups of 2 or 3, discuss whether your region’s plan includes safety as a goal.
• Do you have objectives? (They may be called something else, but they might describe actions to achieve the goal). What are they? If your plan doesn’t identify objectives, what could one or two of them be?
• What is the expected outcome from pursuing those objectives? How do you measure it?
Exercise: Goal > Objective > Measure
• Lincoln Trail Area Development District (KY)• Regional Concept Plan included safety goal area• Objectives address corridor identification, developing
transportation projects that improve safety, and facilitating completion of safety-related projects.
• Several measures track movement for each objective: number of roadways with over 500 collisions per year, percent of dangerous corridors with identified countermeasures, number of projects on dangerous corridors included in the Kentucky Highway Plan.
Identify Data to Establish Performance
Annual data
Average data
Performance Measures:- Number of fatalities- Number of serious injuries
Performance Measure:-Number of intersection fatalities
Set Performance Targets
Goal: Improve Transportation Safety
Performance Measure: Number of fatalities
Optional Performance Targets: Reduce fatalities 3.4% per year to align with the SHSP goal of halving fatalities by 2030.
Reduce fatalities from 73 in 2010 to 44 in 2020
Project Prioritization and Programming
Project Prioritization and Programming
Processes used to select and prioritize
transportation projects
• Incorporate safety into transportation project decisions
• Prioritize safety specific projects
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Incorporating Safety into all TIP Projects• Qualitative Evaluation Criteria
– Safety considerations refer back to the goals and objectives set in the regional planning process
Fresno COG Scoring Template
Incorporating Safety into all TIP Projects
• Quantitative Evaluation Criteria
– Safety criteria are developed based on data analysis, such as crash frequencies, rates, systemic
Southeast Iowa RPC
Surface Transportation Program
Safety Criteria
Safety score is assessed by comparing crash rates on the proposed facility with state
rates and what proportion of the project cost will go toward
safety improvements.
Safety Specific Projects
• Coordinate with DOT to understand HSIP project prioritization
• Identify low-cost countermeasures
• Conduct road safety audits
Peer Experience
• Project Prioritization
• Dan Landon, Nevada County Transportation Commission
Monitoring and Evaluation
Monitoring and Evaluation
Process to determine effectiveness of transportation
programs/projects
• Routinely monitor and track safety performance to evaluate progress towards meeting performance measures and targets.
Safety IntegrationPlanning Task
Basic Monitoring and Evaluation Process
• Baseline Data
• Establish Performance Outcomes
• Interpret Results
• Allocate Resources
• Regularly Review Progress
Tracking Tools
Goal – Reduce Intersection Crashes
Performance Measure – Number of Fatalities and Serious Injuries at Intersections
Objectives Implementation Status
Improve Crash Data and accuracy and usability.
Conduct local training on road safety audits and develop a road safety audit program.
Pursue a local policy for the consideration of round-abouts at local intersections.
Pursue traffic calming strategies at intersection where appropriate.
Sample output tracking table
Tracking Tools
South Central PDC (LA)
Tracking Tools
Piedmont Triad RPO (NC)
Planning Area Worksheets and Implementation Plan
Developing a Safety Plan
51
Establish Multidisciplinary Committee
Review Crash Data and Conduct Analysis
Establish Safety Goal
Identify Emphasis (Goal) Areas
Emphasis Area 1 Emphasis Area 2 Emphasis Area 3
Develop Safety Objectives and Strategies
Develop Safety Performance Measures
Safety Plan
Monitor and Evaluate
Identify Safety Programs and Projects
Emphasis Area 4
Public Involvement
Public Involvement
Case Studies
• Multidisciplinary Coordination
– Iowa MDSTs
• Public and Stakeholder Engagement
– Highway Safety Forums in Vermont
• Project Prioritization
– Regional PDC’s in Virginia
• Data, Analysis, and Programming
– North Central PA RPDC Safety Study
Resources
• Transportation Planning Processes
• Transportation Safety Planning
• Federal Safety and Planning Websites
• Data and Analysis
• Proven Countermeasures
• SHSP Guidance
• Performance Measures
• Project Prioritization
• RPO Transportation Planning Documents/ Safety Studies
• Planning/Policy Manuals
Contact Information
Rosemarie Anderson
FHWA Office of Safety Programs
202-366-5007
Exercise: New Year’s Resolution
Identify 1 – 2 specific actions you want to add to your work plan or processes.