West Africa - Summary of development and delivery activities for out-scaling R4D technologies for greater impact during 2016 and plans for 2017

http://www.iita.org/web/yiifswa/home

West Africa - Summary of development and delivery

activities for out-scaling R4D technologies for greater impact during 2016 and plans for 2017

N. Maroya et al.

P4D week; 21 November 2016 Ibadan, Nigeria


1. Introduction of R4D Technologies in West Africa2. Summary of West Africa Delivery Projects3. Out-scaling of YIIFSWA R4D Technologies4. Delivery of Aeroponics System for seed yam production in WA5. Plans for 2017: YIIFSWA-II6. Conclusion

OUTLINE


1- Introduction of R4D Technologies in West Africa

1. The activities for out-scaling R4D technologies (lab & field)1. Crop Improvement and Seed Systems2. Cropping system and Natural Resources Management3. Post harvest: Processing, Food and Nutrition 4. Economy and Social Science etc.

2. Cassava based R4D Technologies3. Maize based R4D Technologies4. Banana & Plantain based Technologies5. Cowpea and Soybean based Technologies


1- Introduction of R4D Technologies in West Africa

Categories of projects Number of project Projects budgets

1 R4D Project in West Africa 31 28,464,242 2 Technology Delivery Projects 35 238,405,1503 Total West Africa projects 66 266,869,392


Delivery Projects in West Africa Life budget (USD)1 PJ-001371: The Multinational - CGIAR Project: Support to Agricultural Research for Development on Strategic

Commodities in Africa (SARD-SC) 62,247,3502 PJ-002011: AfricaYam: Enhancing yam breeding for increased productivity and improved quality in West Africa 13,500,0003 PJ-001325: Yam Improvement for Incomes and Food Security in West Africa (YIIFSWA) 13,497,6994 PJ-002411: Stress Tolerant Maize for Africa (STMA) 7,000,0005 PJ-002182: BBTV Mitigation: Community Management in Nigeria, and Screening Wild Banana Progenitors for Resistance 345,0696 PJ-002316: Aflasafe Technical Transfer and Commercialization (ATTC) 11,960,0007 PJ-001636: Supporting Soil Health Consortia in West Africa- facilitating wider uptake of better adapted ISFM practices with

visible positive impacts on rural livelihoods 1,499,8448 PJ-002080: Tropical Legumes III - Improving Livelihoods for Smallholder Farmers: Enhanced Grain Legume Productivity

and Production In Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia 5,113,270.549 PJ-001803: Purdue Improved Crop Storage (PICS3) Project in Ghana, Tanzania, and Nigeria 852,43810 PJ-001947: Putting Nitrogen Fixation to Work for Smallholder Farmers in Africa (N2Africa) Phase II (BMGF Grant No.

OPP1020032) 22,657,04111 PJ-002254: ACAI : African Cassava Agronomy Initiative (OPP1130649) 14,399,18712 PJ-002198: Advancing Productive Engagement in Agribusiness through the IITA Youth Agripreneur Approach to scale for

rural youth in Nigeria, Kenya and DR Congo (YADI 2) 499,60013 PJ-001674: Enhancing the competitiveness of High Quality Cassava Flour Value Chain in West and Central Africa 2,450,00014 PJ-001535: Institutionalization of quality assurance mechanism and dissemination of top quality commercial products to

increase crop yields and improve food security of smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa – COMPRO-II 7,155,03215 PJ-002113: Transformation of agronomic research and delivery services for smallholder farmers in maize-based systems of

Sub-Saharan Africa with a focus on Ethiopia, Nigeria, and Tanzania (TAMASA) 2,669,194


Delivery Projects in West Africa Life budget (USD)16 PJ-002047: Taking cowpeas to scale in West Africa (Seed Scaling: Cowpea for West Africa) 4,312,00017 PJ-002083: Community action in improving the quality of farmer saved seed yam (CAY-seed) 523,06218 PJ-001092: CP-HarvestPlus No. 5206: Biofortification of Tropical Maize to Combat Micronutrient Malnutrition 3,515,00019 PJ-002457: Improving food security in Africa through increased system productivity of biomass-based value webs

(BiomassWeb): Cassava web innovations (WP 5.3) 183,189.0220 PJ-001120: Mitigating hidden hunger with cassava as source of pro-vitamin A carotenoids 5,708,66521 PJ-001320: Yams for food and wealth in Africa: Tools for rapid propagation and accelerating breeding 473,44022 PJ-001322: Research Project on Aflatoxin Control in Maize Through Aflatoxin Resistant Maize Variety Breeding And

Other Aflatoxin Management Methods 200,00023 PJ-001454: Increasing Productivity and Utilization of Food Yams in Africa 1,521,12724 PJ-001567: Dissemination of foundation seeds and planting materials of improved varieties of maize, soybean and

cassava to stimulate the production of good quality certified seeds/planting materials in Nigeria. 400,00025 PJ-001765: Sustainable Weed Management Technologies for Cassava Systems in Nigeria 7,656,32626 PJ-001773: AgResults Initial Pilot Projects 3,683,88627 PJ-001999: Upgrading Ondo State Agricultural Village, Ore 384,686.3528 PJ-001877: Cassava: Adding Value for Africa Phase II (CAVA II) 203,95529 PJ-001997: Cassava Enterprise Value Chain Development Project at Otu Ogbooro and Igboho Communities, Itesiwaju,

Shaki East and Orelope LGAs, Oyo State 274,669.6130 PJ-001942: Nigeria Agricultural Transformation Agenda Support Program - Phase 1 (ATASP-1 Outreach Program) 20,000,566


Delivery Projects in West Africa Life budget (USD)31 PJ-002034: Harnessing the energy of youths in the Niger-Delta to be productively engaged in Agribusiness 571,699.4232 PJ-002340: Building Nutritious Food Baskets: Scaling up Biofortified Crops for Nutrition Security in Nigeria and

Tanzania (Reaching Agents of Change Phase 2) 130,53733 West Africa Seed Program (WASP) 435,43334 Sustainable Intensification of Key Farming Systems in the Sudano-Sahelian Zone of West Africa 15,563,39235 Collaboration in the framework of the World Bank’s West Africa Agricultural Productivity Program (WAAPP - 1C Sierra

Leone) 1,489,644.0035 Improving Rural Livelihoods through Integrated Production and Commercialization of Rice and Cassava (WAAPP

Liberia) 751,133.13Liberia: Smallholder Agricultural Productivity Enhancement and Commercialization (SAPEC) Project

1,595,200.00TOTAL BUDGET WEST AFRICA DELIVERY PROJECTS 235,423,334


Yam based Technologies: Case of YIIFSWA 5 Years Project :September 2011 to October 2016 (1) Increase productivity (yield and net output) by 40% for 200,000

smallholder yam farmers in Nigeria and Ghana and (2) deliver key global good research products that will contribute to the longer term vision of improving yam productivity and livelihoods of yam dependent farmers

Initially US $12 million but finished at US $13.5 million IITA led project with many partners (NRI/UK; AGRA/FOSCA; NRCRI;

CRI; SARI; NASC, PPRSD; NACGRAB; GLDB; UI; KNUST; local NGOs etc.)

Maroya et al. 2014a . Project description. Working Paper 1. 18 pp. ISBN: 978-978-8444-36-7

Maroya et al. 2014d. Journal of Root Crops, 2014, Vol. 40 No. 1, pp. 85-92; Indian Society for Root Crops ISSN 0378-2409


2- Out-scaling of YIIFSWA key breakthroughs technologies

Technology Transfer


Technology Transfer 1Virus elimination

Multiplex detection of 3 viruses (Cost reduction 3 times)Cost-effective; lab based technique with field application

LAMP:-Cheap; Quick; lab & field base


Technology Transfer 2Temporary Immersion

Bioreactor System

CTC TIBSAverage space per plantlet: 139.cm3 13.8 cm3

Average number of node 8 weeks 4 8

Time for acclimation: 98 days 70 days

% survival direct planting in AS 24.1 94.6128 units at IITA

1- M.O. Balogun et al. 2014. Status and prospects for improving yam seed systems using Temporary Immersion Bioreactors. African Journal of Biotechnology, 13(15): 1614-1622.2- M. O. Balogun et al. 2014b. Novelty, rapidity and quality in seed yam production: the case of Temporary Immersion Bioreactors. WP No. 6, 10 pp. ISBN 978-978-8444-55-8


Technology Transfer 3The Aeroponics

System (AS)

1- N. Maroya et al. 2014b. Seed Yam Production in Aeroponics System: A Novel Technology. YIIFSWA Working Paper No 2. IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria. 9 pages. © IITA-YIIFSWA; 2014. ISBN 978-978-8444-37-4.2- N. Maroya et al. 2014c. Yam propagation using Aeroponics technology. Annual Research & Review in Biology 4(24): 3849-3903.

- 3 mini tubers per plant every 3 -4 months- 45g average weight of mini-tuber- 300 one node vines per plant from 6 months- Up to 36 months of age of yam plants in AS- 92% vines development on field


Technology Transfer 4 Yam Quality

Management Protocol


Technology Transfer 5 Adapted Yam Minisett

Technology (AYMT)

B. A. Aighewi et al. 2015. Improved propagation methods to raise the productivity of yam (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.), Food Security. DOI 10.1007/s12571 015 0481 6‐ ‐ ‐

4,983 Reads in Researchgate as of Nov. 10, 2016

Over 120,000 small holder farmers trained


3- Delivery of Aeroponics System for seed yam

production in West Africa


AS at Biocrops Biotechnology Nigeria Limited


Aeroponics at Biochemical Ghana Products Ltd.


AS at NRCRI for training seed companies


Fully established Aeroponics System for seed yam production at CRI in Kumasi, Ghana

NB: AS at CRI is using solar energy built on the powerhouse


The Foundation is very much interested by Aeroponics System and its outputs


4- Plans for 2017: YIIFSWA-II 5 Years Project : November 2016 to December 2021 Budget 12 million Establish a robust seed yam system in both Nigeria and Ghana that

uses a market-based, integrated approach to deliver clean, quality seed yam of improved varieties to at least 320,000 smallholder farmers for long-term benefits in 6 states of Nigeria and 2 regions of Ghana by the end of the project. YIIFSWA-II over the next five years will improve livelihoods of at least 1.6 million people who depend directly on the yam value chain

IITA led project with partners (Context/Sahel; NRCRI; Private seed companies; CRI; SARI; NASC, PPRSD; NACGRAB; etc.)


YIIFSWA-II plan for 2017

2. Submit for foundation review and approval business plan based on cost tracking system implemented for demonstration Basic Seed production facility incorporating seed companies and Foundation feedback

3. MOU’s fully executed and shared with the Foundation with a minimum of 3-10 well-resourced seed companies detailing intended commitments to invest in AS technology, screen houses and at least 30 ha of aggregate land dedicated for annual Basic seed yams production

1. The IITA Aeroponics systems(“AS”) will be converted to a seed production facility, demonstrating the business case by producing enough vine cutting plantlets to establish 5 hectares of field with a minimum harvest of 80,000 certified Basic Seed yams by the end of 2017.


One node vine cuttings from Aeroponics System in September and transplanted

on field at Ibadan in October


5- ConclusionIn 2017 many crops (Maize, Cassava, Yam, Banana and Plantain; Cowpea and Soybean etc.) technologies through 35 projects will be out-scaled for greater impact in West Africa including the seed yam production using one node vine cutting from Aeroponics.


Thank you for your attention YIIFSWA information available at http://www.iita.org/web/yiifswa/home



Mini and micro-tubers generated from ASAfter 4 months of growth of yam plantlets on AS, the tuber production will start. If the tubers are not harvested after some time they will rotten.

N. Maroya et al. 2015a. Aeroponics System: An effective High Ratio Seed Yam Propagation Technology. Abstract ID 1160, p. 374 of the book of abstracts ISBN 978-3-7369-9092-0 edited by Eric Tielkes. Tropentag 2015: www.trotentag.de. N. Maroya et al. 2015b. Abstract of oral presentation on “Performance And Productivity Of Micro-seed Yam From Aeroponics System “in book of abstracts of the III International Symposium on Roots, Rhizomes, Tubers, Plantains, Bananas and Papaya held at Bolívar Conventions Center in Santa Clara city, Cuba, October 20-23, 2015.


Existing screenhouse non adapted to Aeroponics system

New screenhouse adapted for Aeroponics System

Challenges due to heat


Which types and quantity of fertilizer to use for yam?

Fertilizers used1- Ammonium Nitrate (N)2- Triple Super Phosphate (P)3- Potassium Sulphate (K; S)4- Magnesium Sulphate (Mn)5- Calcium Nitrate (Ca)6- Microsol (Fe; Cu; Zn; B; Mo & Mn)


Pre-rooted vine cuttings planted in October 2016 at IITA-Ibadan


Plan of sampling units for follow up of infestation

TDr95/19177; DoP: 4 to 26 Oct 2016

Activities• 5 sampling units as shown in the figure will be marked• Each sampling block is of 10 m x 10 m size; this will be

marked.• Every plant in each black will be assessed for symptoms on

weekly basis for the first 4 weeks; and then at bi-weekly basis till saturation point.

• Every symptomatic plant observed in a week will be tagged; and only new infections will be counted in each week.

• Samples (one leaf) will be tested for virus at the end of 4 weeks of observation and again at saturation (bulk sampling)

• Number of aphids collected in the water trap will be counted and they will be assessed for species identity;

• Note: This work will not interfere or disturb the intended purpose of this field trial

Expected outputs• Understand new infections occurring on weekly basis, that in

turn provide rate of infection. This type of data is not available before (due to lack of virus-free plants for large trial of this size).

• Comparative performance of virus-infected and healthy plants.

• Information on virus type• Aphid populations and type and link between the aphid

numbers and rate of infection.


Planting materials generated from AS

3- One node vine cutting can be produced as many at 300 vines per plant after 6 to 9 months growth of the plants in aeroponics.

1- On average 3 mini tubers per plants every 4 months weighing 45± 13g

2- Only some varieties can generate bulbils and within those varieties few plants are concerned. Despite that the production of bulbils is not generalized a plant can produce as many as 150 to be harvested at a time.


Tubers from AS one node vine cutting planted in August 2015 and harvested in January-February 2016


Tubers from AS one node vine cutting








Acknowledgements Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) for the financial support of YIIFSWA Project

Thank to all partners and Stakeholders who have contributed in one way or another for the effectiveness of these technologies that are given the opportunity to produce high quality seed yam planting materials all year round.

Thanks to the YIIFSWA Team for their respective contribution to these achievements

YIIFSWA information are now available at http://www.iita.org/web/yiifswa/home



Seeds from AS and tubers from vines in real field

Bulbils, mini and micro-tubers from AS and seed yam tubers of one node vine from AS were planted for the 1st time on large field (one hectare).


PhD Thesis conducted under YIIFSWA1. C. K Nkere (University of Ibadan) submitted his thesis titled ‘Development of diagnostic tools and

determination of incidence, distribution and genetic diversity of viruses infecting yam in Ghana and Nigeria‘ and he was awarded degree in November 2015.

2. Celestina Omohimi (Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta) submitted her thesis on “Improve quality and safety of yam processed products” thesis defense planned on 6th December 2016

3. Paul Boadu (Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and technology) completed his research work on “Analysis of seed yam supply systems and demand in Ghana” submitted this thesis and defense planned for February 2017

4. Yao Kolombia (University of Ghent) completed laboratory work and is now finalize this thesis writing - Yam nematodes diversity and approaches of control in Nigeria and Ghana. He has to submit his thesis before 31st December as his thesis defense is planned for March-April 2017.

5. Pelemo, Olugboyega S. (University of Ibadan) completed field and laboratory work on Evaluation of high-ratio propagation technologies for enhanced quality seed production in yams (Dioscorea spp). Yet to submit his corrected thesis to the University. Defense of his PhD thesis in 2017.

6. Hussein Etudaiye (University of Nigeria, Nsuka) still have some lab analyses to carry ouy on his thesis titled “Chemical and physical control of sprouting in yams and their effects on product quality” . Projected his defense before end of 2017

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West Africa - Summary of development and delivery activities for out-scaling R4D technologies for greater impact during 2016 and plans for 2017