Objectives

• Identify anatomy and physiology of the digestive system

• Recognize common symptoms of the digestive system

• Differentiate various diseases of the digestive system:CirrhosisCholelithiasisDiverticulitisGERD

• Identify various diagnostic tests used for digestive disorders

identify anatomy and physiology of the digestive

system

Functions:digestionabsorptionmetabolism

Accessory organs:liverpancreas

digestive animation

Regions of the abdominal cavity

Diagnostic procedures: gastroscopygastroscopy animation

Diagnostic procedures: sigmoidoscopy

colonoscopy animation

Colonoscopy Prep

Melanosis coli

recognize common symptoms of the digestive

system• Abdominal pain• Heartburn• Nausea and Vomiting• Flatulence• Diarrhea• Constipation• Hiccups• http://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=1qbSgoVyxCE

Various diseases of the digestive system: cirrhosis

• Chronic, degeneration of normal liver cells, replaced by scar tissue• Etiology: toxins, infectious agents• Signs & symptoms: N & V, abdominal pain, weakness, fatigue, wt.

loss, jaundice• Diagnostic Procedures: palpation of liver during PE, ABD x ray,

liver scan, biopsy, blood test for liver enzymes (ALT, AST, SGOT)• Tx: symptomatic• Prognosis: irreversible, transplant

diseases of the digestive system: cholelithiasis

• Gallstones (gallbladder or bile duct)

• Etiology: obesity, high caloric diet, age

• Signs & symptoms: RUQ pain, N & V, flatulence, belching, H/B

• Diagnostic Procedures: GB US, Abd x ray

• Tx: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, dormia basket, extra corporal shock wave lithotripsy

diseases of the digestive system: GERD

• Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

• Etiology: hiatal hernia, alcohol use, overweight, pregnancy, smoking, food

• Signs & symptoms: persistent heartburn, acid regurgitation, pain in chest, hoarseness in morning, trouble swallowing, halitosis

• Diagnostic procedures: Barium swallow, under endoscopy

• Tx: lifestyle changes, antacids, proton pump inhibitors (Prolisec, Prevacid, Nexium)

diseases of the digestive system: Diverticulitis

• Acute inflammation of diverticula

• Etiology: accumulation of intestinal matter in diverticulum (bacterial growth = inflammation)

• Signs & Symptoms: fever, pain LLQ relieved by bowel movement

• Diagnostic Procedures: Occult blood, SED rate, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, BE

• Treatment: high residue diet (fiber)

colo-rectal surgeon

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mBPSSQFwNJ0