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ACUTEDIARRHOE

ALDISEASES

C O M M U N I T Y M E D I C I N E

BY AFIQI FIKRI121303267

G1 . BATCH 31

P A R T I

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DEFINITION BURDEN

OF DISEASEEPIDEMIOLO

GY

M I N I D I S C U S S I O N T O P I C

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WHAT IS DIARRHOEA ?W H O D E F I N I N G A D I S E A S E

The passage of 3 or more loose or liquid stools per day, or more frequently than is normal for the individual.

It is usually a symptom of GI infection, which can be caused by a variety of infection that spread through contaminated food or drinking-water, or from person to person

as a result of poor hygiene.

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WHAT IS DIARRHOEA ?W H O D E F I N I N G A D I S E A S E

The passage of 3 or more loose/liquid stools per day, or more frequently than is normal for the individual.

A C U T EDuration <2

weeks , the main danger is

dehydration,90% attacks are self

l imited (resolved by ORS).

P E R S I S T E N T2-4 weeks.main

danger is malnutrit ion and

serious non intestinal infection.

C H RON I CBegins acutely

and lasts for 14 days or more – a

complex condition with multitude

aetiologies

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WHAT IS NOT DIARRHOEA?

A T H I N L I N E D I F F E R E N T I A T I N G O N E A N O T H E R

● Frequent formed stools ● Pasty stools in breast fed chi ld ● Stools dur ing or after feeding● Pseudodiarrhoea: smal l vo lume of stools f requent ly

( IBS)

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EPIDEMIOLOGYB U R D E N O F D I S E A S E F R O M W A T E R A N D S A N I T A T I O N

● Diarrhoeal d isease is the second leading cause of death in chi ldren under five years old. I t is both preventable and treatable.

● Each year diarrhoea ki l ls around 760 000 chi ldren under five.

● A significant proport ion of d iarrhoeal d isease can be prevented through safe drinking-water and adequate sanitat ion and hygiene.

● Global ly, there are nearly 1.7 bi l l ion cases of d iarrhoeal disease every year.

● Diarrhoea is a leading cause of malnutr i t ion in chi ldren under five years o ld.

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EPIDEMIOLOGYB U R D E N O F D I S E A S E F R O M W A T E R A N D S A N I T A T I O N

● 1.2-1.9 episodes per person annual ly in the general populat ion.

● 2.4 episodes per chi ld < 3 years o ld annual ly.

● 5 episodes per year for chi ldren < 3years o ld and in daycare.

● Seasonal peak in the winter

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MORTALITY CAUSED BYACUTE DIARRHOEALDISEASE

W R I T E H E R E S O M E T H I N G

COURTESY OF WHO - 2011

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MAP OFSOUTH-EASTASIA

B U R D E N O F D I S E A S E

Water, sanitation and hygiene attributable burden of disease

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I. WHO SITE

II.WHO JOURNAL 2005/2012 ISSUES

III.MALAYSIAN PAEDIATRICS PROTOCOL 3RD ED.

IV. www.who.int

V. GOOGLE IMAGES

R E F E R E N C ES

THANK YOU

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ASSESSMANAGEPREVENT

T o t h e n e x t p r e s e n t a t i o n

Diarrhoeal disease is a leading cause of child mortality and

morbidity in the world, and mostly results from contaminated food

and water sourcesP A R T I I