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Surveillance ForACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS --Rtn. P.P.Dr.Avinash Bhondwe
DEFINITION :Sudden onset of weakness of a limb or paralysis over a period of 15 days in a patient less 15 years of age .
A.F.P.
WHAT IS SURVEILLANCE ? IT IS A CONTINOUS SCRUTINY OF ALL ASPECTS OF OCCURRENCE &
SPREAD OF DISEASE THAT ARE PERTINENT TO EFFECTIVE
CONTROL.
SURVEILLANCE INCLUDES1. COLLECTION OF DATA2. ANALYSIS OF DATA3. INTERPRETATION OF DATA4. DISTRIBUTION OF RELEVANT DATA SO
THAT NECESSARY ACTION CAN BE TAKEN
WHY POLIO IS A CANDIDATE FOR ERADICATION ?MAN IS THE ONLY RESERVIORNO LONG TERM CARRIER STATEROUTE OF TRANSMISSION IS FAECO-
ORALHALF LIFE OF EXCRETED VIRUS IN
SEWAGE SAMPLE IN TROPICAL CLIMATE LIKE INDIA IS 48 HOURS.
POTENT AND EFFECTIVE VACCINE.
FOUR KEY STRATEGIES FOR POLIO ERADICATIONRI-PROGRAMME [ UIP ] - 1985MASS IMMUNIZATION(PPI) – 1995-96 CAMPAIGNS
APF SURVEILLANCE - 1997MOPING UP IN FOCAL AREAS
AIM OF AFP SURVEILLANCETO DETECT POLIO TRANSMISSION &
INTERRUPTION OF TRANSMISSION AFP CASE
POLIO CASE
RESERVOIR OF INFECTION [ 100 TO 1000 SUB CLINICAL CASES ]
CONTAINMENT MEASURES [ O.R.I. / MOP UP ]
GOAL OF AFP SURVEILLANCEIDENTIFICATION OF ALL RESERVOIRS
OF CIRCULATING WILD POLIO VIRUS( THAT COULD BE POLIO ) BY
DOCUMENTING ALL SUCH CASES,IT IS POSSIBLE TO SHOW THAT NONE OF THESE “POLIO-LIKE” CASES WERE CAUSED BY THE POLIO VIRUS,AND THAT POLIO IS NO LONGER PRESENT OR EXISTING.
WHY AFP SURVEILLANCE INSTEAD OF POLIO SURVEILLANCE ?SURVEILLANCE OF A POLIO CASE
ALONE IS NOT SUFFICIENT BECAUSE IT IS IMPOSSIBLEE TO PRECISELY IDENTIFY ALL CASES OF POLIO CLINICALLY DUE TO CONFUSING AND AMBIGUOUS CLINICAL SIGNS AND VARIABLE CLINICAL KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS OF DOCTOR.
CLINICALLY POLIO IN ACUTE STAGE, IS DIFFICULT TO DISTINGUISH FROM OTHER CAUSES OF ACUTE ONSET OF FLACCID PARALYSIS.-----
SURVEILLANCE OF ACUTE FLACCID PARALYSIS
STARTED IN 1997 OCTOBERACHIEVED GLOBAL BENCHMARKS IN
MAY 1998MAPPING OF POLIO CASES MADE
POSSIBLELABS PROVIDING > 80% RESULTS ON
TIMEGENETIC SEQUENCING CAPACITY
EXPANDED
The AFP Surveillance System
Hospitals Clinics
Investigation
Non-Polio AFP Polio AFP
Community
When to report AFP case
Immediately ( Just one phone call)
9689931339 / 9822912062 /
24487700
WHAT TO REPORTAny Case of Acute Flaccid Paralysis < 15
Yrs ageIt May be
Monoplegia,Paraplegia,Hemiplegia,Facial Palsy,or Any Trasient weakness.
Any case of Suspected Polio Clinically Irrespective of any age
WHAT IS NOT AFP ?TRAUMAISOLATED FACIAL NERVE PALSYHYPOKALAEMIAACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVERCONGENITAL FLACCID PARALYSIS
CONDITIONS SOMETIMES PRESENTING WITH AFP
TUMORENCEPHALITISHYPOKALEMIC PARALYSIS [ DUE TO
LOW SERUM POTASSIUM USUALLY REVERSIBLE ]
POTT’s DISEASETB MENINGITISOSTEOMYELITIS