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In the name of God
Basic neurosciences with clinical applications
Anatomy and connections of prefrontal cortex
Lateral prefrontal cortex: with lots of reciprocal areas is well suited to regulate behavior and control of response to environmental stimuli
Orbitomedial prefrontal cortex: via its reciprocal neocortical and limbic connections ,is suited to integrate information about emotion and memory related to environmental stimuli
Lateral prefrontal cortex
It is divided in to 3 parts: The dorso lateral prefrontal
cortex:areas 9 &46 Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex:44 &
45 & 47 & 12 Frontopolar cortex: including the
superior polar(areas 9 & 10) and inferior polar(10,47/12&14)
The connections of lateral prefrontal cortex
The main connections are with paralimbic areas,particular the cingulate gyrus .
This connections myelinate late during cerebral development.
dorsolateral prefrontal cortexSpatial attention
Superior longitudinal fasciculus connects caudal portion of inferior parietal lobule and parietooccipital region and dosral lateral prefrontal cortex
This connection involve in visual and oculomotor aspects of spatial attention
Ventrolateral prefrontal cortexactin imitation, gestural communication,monitoring orofacial & hand action
Inputs from anterior portion of inferior parietal lobe including supramarginal gyrus and adjacent parietal opercular region , terminate in VLTPC & frontal operculum(44) & ventral premotor area?
This Provide high order somatosensory input for action imitation,gestural communication,orofacial and hand action
Ventrolateral prefrontal cortexvisual object identification
Occipitotemporal visual association areas terminate primarily in inferior temporal cortex and adjacent parahippocampal region via inferior longitudinal fasciculus and then to VLPFC
This system transmits highly processed visual information necessary for object identification.
ventral prefrontal cortexauditory spatial info/object recognition
Posterior portion of Superior temporal gyrus projects to area 8 via arcuate fasciculus, information for
auditory spatial information Midportion of superior temporal gyrus
projects to area 45 via the extreme capsule ,provides info for
auditory object recognition
ventral prefrontal cortex of left hemisphere recieve distinct inputs for speech production
Thus,the VPFC involved in speech production receive distinct sensory inputs
Area 44: somatosensory inputs from the supramarginal gyrus
Area 45:auditory info from midsuperior temporal cortex