ANATOMY OFORAL CAVITY

By: Ameerhamza

S B

7th Term

SIMS,

Shimoga

THE ORAL CAVITY IS CONVENIENTLY DIVIDED BY THE ARCH FORMED BY THE TEETH AND GUMS

INTO:

1. Oral Vestibule- lies between the gums and the teeth.

2. Oral Cavity Proper- lies behind and within the arch of teeth.

Oral VestibuleBoundaries:1. Anteriorly by the lips,2. Laterally by the cheeks,3. Superiorly by the

mucolabial and mucobuccal folds, and

4. Posteriorly and medially by the teeth and gums.

THE ORAL CAVITY PROPERBoundaries:1. Anteriorly and laterally by

the teeth and gums,2. Superiorly by the palate

(hard and soft),3. Inferiorly by the tongue and

the floor of the mouth, and4. Posteriorly by the opening

into the pharynx.

THE SUBLINGUAL REGION

Characteristics:

1. Anterior 2/3 of the tongue,

2. Lingual frenulum,3. Lingual vein,4. Sublingual caruncle,5. Sublingual folds6. Fimbriated fold

BLOOD SUPPLY

Mouth is supplied by branches from Facial Artery Inferior Alveolar Artery Maxillary Artery Infraorbital Artery Postero superior alveolar

arteries

Lymphatic Supply

PALATE

The palate forms the superior wall or the roof of the oral cavity proper.

It is composed of the hard palate which has an osseous base, and behind, a soft palate composed of fibrous tissue.

SOFT PALATE

Tensor veli palatini

Tenses the soft palate; opens the pharyngotympanic tube

Levator veli palatini

Only muscle to elevate the soft palate above the neutral position

PalatopharyngeusDepresses soft palate; moves palatopharyngeal arch toward midline; elevates pharynx

Palatoglossus Depresses palate; moves palatoglossal arch toward midline; elevates back of the tongue

Musculus uvulaeElevates and retracts uvula; thickens central region of soft palate

MUSLE FUNCTION

A. Tensor veli palatini muscles and the palatine aponeurosis. B. Levator veli palatini muscles. C. Palatopharyngeus muscles

Blood supply of Soft palate

VENOUS DRAINAGE AND LYMPHATICS

NERVE SUPPLY OF PALATE

•All muscles of soft palate are supplied by Vagus nerve [X] via pharyngeal branch to pharyngeal plexus•Except Tensor palatini muscle which is supplied by Mandibular nerve.• Sensory supply is derived from lesser palatine branches of the sphenopalatine ganaglion and from the branches of glossopharyngeal nerve.• Secretomotor from Suprior salivary N. through greater petrosal nerve

tongue“A mobile mass of muscles lying on the floor of the mouth and associated with the function of taste, chewing, swallowing, and speaking”.TONGUE CONSISTS OF• Mucous membrane• Mucous glands• Lymphoid tissue• Fat• Striated muscle fibres• Fibrous tissue

PAPILLAE

Circumvallate papillae are arranged in a row parallel to and in front of sulcus terminalis Fungiform papillae are numerous at the tip and margin of the tongue. Filliform papillae are prevalent on the dorsum of the tongue arranged in rows parallel to sulcus terminalis

Muscles of the tongue

INTRINSIC MUSCLESMUSCLE FUNCTION

SUPERIOR Shortens tongue; curls apex and sides of tongue

INFERIOR Shortens tongue; uncurls apex and turns it downward

TRANSVERSE Narrows and elongates tongue

VERTICAL Flattens and widens tongue All intrinsic muscles are supplied by

Hypoglossal nerve

EXTRINSIC MUSCLES

GENIOGLOSSUS

Protrudes tongue; depresses center of tongue

HYOGLOSSUS

Depresses tongue

STYLOGLOSSUS

Elevates and retracts tongue

PALATOGLOSSUS

Depresses palate; Moves palatoglossal fold toward midline; Elevates back of the tongue

Blood Supply Arteries:

Lingual artery Tonsillar branch of facial

artery Ascending pharyngeal artery

Veins: Lingual vein, ultimately

drains into the internal jugular vein

Hypoglossal nerve

Lingual artery &

vein

Deep lingual

vein

Dorsal lingual artery & vein

BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY

Lymphatic Drainage Tip:

• Submental nodes bilaterally & then deep cervical nodes

Anterior two third:• Submandibular

unilaterally & then deep cervical nodes

Posterior third:• Deep cervical nodes

(jugulodigastric mainly)

NERVE SUPPLY OF TONGUE

REFERENCE

Textbook of Ear, Nose, Throat and Head & Neck Surgery Clinical and Practical

3rd Edition By : P. Hazarika , D.R . Nayak, R. Balakrishnan Gray’s Anatomy for Students 2nd edition By : Richard L Drake , A Wayne Vogl , Adam W M Mitchell

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