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Antimicrobial resistance and molecular epidemiological characteristics of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus in Changsha area
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Antimicrobial resistance and molecular epidemiological characteristics of clinical
isolates of Staphylococcus aureus inChangsha area
Laura Restrepo Carvajal Sara Buelvas Molecular BiologyThird semester
STAFILOCOCUS
Gram-positive spherical cells with a diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 micrometers ,grouped irregularly, shaped bunches of grapes. usually catalase positive and non-encapsulated or limited capsule formation.
Positive catalase, aerobic , best pigment at room
temperature
INTRODUCTION
STAFILOCOCUS AUREUS
Also known as "golden staph" and Oro staphira, it is a facultative anaerobic Gram-positive coccal bacterium, positive catalase, positive coagulase.
Toxines and enzymes Coagulase positive Tipical lesion and other lesions
Resistance
B lactamases Resistance to methicillin, nafcillin, oxacillin and is independent of the production of β-
lactamases Resistance to Vancomicine
GENERAL GOAL
Recognize the genetic variability in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and its relationship with resistance
to methicillin and other antibiotics in the region of Changsha (China)
MÉTODOS
CEPAS
293 aislados Prueba coagulase positiva y sistema
Vitek 2
SUSCEPTIBILIDAD A ANTIMIOBIANOS
Metodo de difusión en disco ( CMI oxacilina)
Método de dilución en agar
PCR
Gen Fem Gen Mec
PFGE
Peso del DNA 115 aislados
RESULTADOS
293 cepas de S. aureus
Tasa de resistencia superior al 50% (14 de 23 antibióticos probados)
Resistencia a
Penicilina 96.6%
Ampicilina 96.6%
Eritromicina 77.1%
Clindamicina 67.2%
Susceptibilidad a Tecoplanin Vancomicina Linezolid
Aislamientos del Hospital de Xiangya altamente resistentes a mayoría de antibióticos probados
Prevalencia de MRSA en los años 2006- 66.7% 2007- 85% 2008- 63.1%
El total de cepas para la tipificación de PFGE fueron 115
Los 115 aislados fueron agrupados en 39 tipos con 13 patrones predominantes designados de la A a la M 89 aislados
PREVALENCIA
1. A 56,48.7%
2. L 5,43%
Los aislados tipo A presentaron 13 subtipos denominados de A1 a A13. Los mas frecuentes fueron:
1. A1 46.4% ……………..26/56
2. A2 13.3% ……………..8/56
3. A3 5.4% ……………..3/56
4. A4 12.5% …................7/56
5. A6 5.4% ……………..3/56
8 de 11 hospitales estudiados tienen cepas de S. Aureus con PFGE tipo A.
Subtipo A1 se presento en 6 hospitales
115 cepas
79 MRSA
56/79 tipo A23/79
Otros 13 tipos
36 MSSA
25 tipos
*sin predominio
*37/42 MRSA
DISCUSIONAuthors What did they
said?Yes or Not
Monnet, Voss , Krziwanek , Allerberger ,Struelens .
MRSA is at present the most commonly identified antibiotic-resistant pathogen in any parts of the world, including Europe, the Americas, North Africa, the Middle East, and Asia.
YES. In USA, some european contries and the prevalence is higher in the Asia Pacific region
Bianchi G, Qin D, Dearani JA, Qi Q The swiftly increasing rates of MRSA worldwide over thepast decades have become a serious public health
problem.
YES. The adverse effects of some treatments have disadvantages that could not be widly used in the treatment of severe infectious. This obligates to create stretegies that weren`t planned
Conceicao T, Aires-de-Sousa M, Fuzi M, Toth A, Paszti J,Ungvari E
These epidemic strainsmay cause outbreaks within a hospital or a region, ordisseminations between different hospitals, regions, orcountries.
YES. The fast spread of MRSA strains with the same clonal lineages between regions or continents is also a serious problem of particular concern.
Alp E, Klaassen CH, Doganay M, Altoparlak U, Aydin K,Engin A
Consistent with previousstudies that a single epidemic MRSA clone can bepresented in the same hospital for many years.
YES. A1 strains were isolated in 2006,2007and 2008 from many departments in Xiangya Hospital
CONCLUSIONS
• Indiscriminate use of antibiotics has contributed to the increase in infections caused by multiresistant microorganisms
• Every time there are more antibiotics that lose their functionality because the capacity that bacterias have to mutate and transfer genetic information is very high.
• The variation in the types of strides is the prove of the bacterias resistance.
• If the use of antibiotics is not controlled inmediatly in some years the infections may not have cure
Sara Buelvas
Laura Restrepo