Biological clock

THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK

BY: AHMAD ELSAEED


Why the probability of heart attack increasing

in the morning at 8 o’clock ?

Or crash your car on a Moto way at 2 o’clock

in the afternoon ?

Can tack a medication at right time in the day

to save your life ?

When we eat or play or sleep or tested

THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK CONT'D

The answer of these question lie in the

secret world of the biological clock

THE FIRST EVIDENCE

At a depth of 114km in a cave at 1962 the

geologist Michael sfera make a experiment

on himself

Live in this cave for many months until lost

Sense of time

The result of this experiment shows that his

body Walking on a regular routine


Finally, scientists began to discover the truth

about the biological clock inside our bodies

and found out that it is there in every cell of

our body!

There are specific genes within the cell

responsible for time keeping.

BIOLOGICAL CLOCK

BIOLOGICAL CLOCK RATE

All of us have biological clock but it’s differ

form one person to another

The normal rate is 24 hours

The maximum rate is 25

The minimum rate is 22

BIOLOGICAL CLOCK

FROM 6 AM TO 8 AM

FROM 6 AM TO 8 AM

Start of day and Getting out of bed

Not only the long of biological clock affect on

wake up early but also age

WAKE UP

We start our life prefer wake up early

From 10 to 21 year sleep late and wake up

late

From 21 to 55 years sleep late and wake up

early

From 55 years we sleep early and wake up

early

FROM 8 AM TO 11 AM

FROM 8 AM TO 11 AM

In this period you wake up an ready to

launch

The most dangerous period in the day

Br carful to make this period Full of energy

FROM 8 AM TO 11 AM CONT'D

The probability of heart attack increase by 3

time

FROM 12 PM TO 2 PM

FROM 12 PM TO 2 PM

The best period in a day for Best

performance , thinking and do exams

FROM 12 PM TO 2 PM CONT'D

Best period to study

FROM 2PM TO 4 PM

FROM 2PM TO 4 PM

Low performance

FROM 2PM TO 4 PM CONT'D

We sleep twice a day In the afternoon and In

the evening

Sleeping In the afternoon is called a nap

Nap Ranging from 10 to 20 minutes

IF WE DID NOT HAVE A NAP

There is a special

clock in the heart to

set its beats,

in the liver , in the

kidney. So, in every

part and every cell of

our body, there is a

clock for time keeping!

Different biological clock

DIFFERENT BIOLOGICAL CLOCK

This different allow doctor to treat with each

member of body according to schedule and

this will be lead to find medicine for diseases

KRISTEN TEEFONE'S EXPERIMENT

FROM 4PM TO 6PM

FROM 4PM TO 6PM

Performance increases again

Highest body temperature

Highest blood pressure

CYCLING HOUR RECORD

FROM 6PM TO 8PM

FROM 6PM TO 8PM

Highest body temperature

Over the years Eating habits changed

“Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince,

and dinner like a pauper” Adelle Davis.

Body Getting ready for sleep not eat

FROM 8PM TO 10PM

FROM 8PM TO 10PM

The biological clock start to relax

Start thinking in sleep

DECEIVE THE BIOLOGICAL CLOCK

EXPOSURE TO LIGHT

At sunrise and at Sunset because biological

clock is more sensitive to light

At sunrise make us wake up early (increase

clock speed)

At sunset make us sleep late (decrease clock

speed)

NIGHT SHIFT

Found that Diseases of cancer increases for

people that have work at evening to morning

SLEEP

FROM 2AM TO 4AM

FROM 2AM TO 4AM

The activity of the body decreases to the

lowest case

Death cases increases but also Natural birth

increases form 3AM to 5AM

WHAT IS SLEEP?

An altered state in

which people

become relatively

unaware of

external stimulation

WHY DO WE SLEEP?

Evolutionary Theory: Protective function, keeps people tucking away at night, safe from predators.

Recuperative Theory: Conserves energy, restores body tissues depleted during daily activity

HOW MUCH SLEEP DO I NEED?

Infants– 20 hours

50% REM

Children/Adolescents– 10 hours

25-30% REM

– Bed Later, Up Later

Adults– 8 hours

20% or less REM

Elderly – 6 hours

– Bed Earlier, Up Earlier

WHAT IF I MISS SLEEP?

Effects On Body

– Immune system weakens

– Metabolic malfunction

– Varied body temp

Effects On Brain

– Moodiness

– Decreased cognitive performance

Learn slower, remember less, loss concentration & creativity

– Blurred vision

– Disorganized speech

– Hallucinations

AM I SLEEP DEPRIVED? YES/NO

I need an alarm clock to wake up early.

It’s a struggle to get out of bed in the morning.

I hit the snooze bar several times to get more

sleep.

I feel tired, irritable and stressed out during the

week.

I have trouble concentrating and remembering.

I feel slow with critical thinking, problem solving

and being creative.


I often fall asleep in boring classes or warm

rooms.

I often fall asleep within 5 minutes of getting into

bed.

I often feel drowsy while driving.

I often sleep extra hours on weekend mornings.

I often need a nap when I get home from work.


An answer of “yes” to three or more of

the previous questions indicates sleep

deprivation.

You can easily improve your mood,

performance and health by getting

more sleep!

STAGES OF SLEEP

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE SLEEP?

Sleep occurs in a recurring cycle of 90 to

110 minutes and is divided into two

categories: Non-REM (which is further split

into four stages) and REM sleep.

There are four stages in the non-REM

sleep.

REM stands for Rapid Eye Movement.

Brain Waves

Beta

Alpha

Theta

Delta

STAGES OF SLEEP: PRE-SLEEP STAGE

Awake and Alert

Beta waves

Functions: calm, alert, active, ready to

learn

May take about 15 minutes to go thru

this stage

Adjust pillows, comforters, start to relax

STAGES OF SLEEP: PRE-SLEEP STAGE

Awake – but Drowsy

Alpha waves

Functions: relaxed, harder to concentrate,

want to go to sleep

Hypnogogic Hallucinations

Vivid images, bizarre

Jerky movements

Sensation of “falling”

“Bed gravity,” floating,

STAGE 1 SLEEP: ALPHA TO THETA WAVES

Non-REM

Breathing slows down

Disengage from sensation

Vivid mental imagery– Everyday activities,

not “bizarre” dreams

STAGE 2: THETA – K COMPLEXES - DELTA

Non-REM

Brief periods of brain activity

Small muscle twitches

Breathing rhythmical

STAGE 3: THETA - DELTA - THETA

Non-REM

Slow wave sleep

Probably a transition stage

STAGE 4: DELTA WAVES – 100%

Non-REM

Oblivious to outside world

Sleep-walking, sleep-talking occur here

Very difficult to wake up- but can have

activities

Answer the phone, talk, etc…

Then…you ascend back up through

these stages and enter your 1st dream

REM (RAPID EYE MOVEMENT)

Body functions during REM

Brain neurons fire more

Increased blood pressure

Increased respiration

Increased heart-rate

Body is paralyzed…

Nightmares occur now = frightening,

unpleasant dreams

No sleep walking during REM

DREAMS

An individual will have approximately 4-

5 dreams/night

1.5-3.0 hours of sleep time spent

dreaming

They increase in length as the night

progresses

ANY QUESTION

THANK YOU

Health & Medicine

Biological clock