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DiluentBy
Dr.Sulake Fadhil Abbas
Importance and properties of semen diluters Semen diluter = Semen extender; Diluted semen = Extended semen -Importance of semen dilution: a. To increase volume of an ejaculate semen b. To protect sperm during cooling and extend sperm life
The most important characteristics of the diluents are the
following
1) A diluents must be isotonic with semen (have the same free
ion concentration) e.g.: by the sodium citrate or Tris solution.
2) Buffering capacity must be provided (prevent pH change by
neutralizing acid produced by sperm metabolism) e.g.: isotonic
sodium citrate, Tris solution, and milk.
3) The diluent must have the ability to protect sperm from cold
shock during the cooling from body temperature to 5°C,
Lecithin and lipoproteins in the egg yolk can provide this
function.
4) Diluent must provide nutrients to the sperm
like: simple sugars, amino acids.
5) The diluent must contain antibiotics to avoid
microbial contamination and propagation such
as :Penicillin:1000IU/ml
Streptomycin:1000µg/ml
Polymixin B : 1000 µg/ ml .
6) The diluter must prolong the life of the sperm
with a minimum drop in fertility.
Effective diluters for semen:
1- Tris Buffer Solution.
2- Milk diluent.
3- Citrate Buffer Solution.