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The presentation has been designed for non-medical people. Overview of few common diseases with preventive strategies. Diseases covered- Malaria, Dengue,Diarrhoeal diseases, Hepatitis,Viral Coryza,Conjunctivitis and Fungal Infections of Skin.
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DISEASES DURING
MONSOONSAND THEIR
PREVENTION
Common Diseases During Rainy Season
• Mosquito Borne–Dengue–Malaria
• Water borne–Diarrhoeal Diseases–Liver Infections
Diseases during rainy season
• Viral infections–Viral fevers–Eye infections
• Skin Diseases–Fungal infections
Mosquito Borne Diseases
• DengueAedes Mosquito(Tiger mosquito)Day biter
• MalariaAnopheles
mosquitoEvening and
early morning biter
Dengue Fever
• Fever within 4-7 days of mosquito bite• Sudden High grade fever• Loss of appetite• Rash on 3rd or 4th day• Pain behind eyes• Severe pain in joints and muscle
(Break Bone fever)• Bleeding from gums, nose ****
Dengue
Dengue fever
Treatment of Dengue Fever
• Adequate rest• Medicines to reduce fever-
Paracetamol (Crocin) only• NO PAIN KILLER OR DISPRIN • Drink lot of water• Blood and platelet may be required
in complicated cases
Malaria
• Fever with chills• Generally occurring every 24 or 48
or 72 hrs depending on type of infection
• May present with diarrhoea, jaundice
• If it affects brain (Falciparum malaria)– Seizures (fits)– Unconciousness– Altered sensorium
Treatment of Malaria
• Chloroquine tablets• Injectable medicines – given in
hospital setting
Preventing Dengue and Malaria
• Full sleeves clothes • Mosquito repellant• Avoid stagnation of water in pots,
buckets, ditches• Anti mosquito and anti larval
measures- sprays, fish breeding (Gambusia)
• Spray walls with insecticide
Water Borne Diseases
• Diarrhoeal Illnesses
• Loose motions• Vomiting• Stomach pain• Fever• Dehydration• Kidney failure if
very severe disease
• Liver Infections• Jaundice• Loss of appetite• Pain in stomach• Fever• Indigestion
Hepatitis
• Icterus (Jaundice)• Yellow colour of
white of eye• Yellow colour of
urine
Prevention of water borne infections
• Avoid eating in unhygienic places• Proper washing of hands after visiting
the toilet• Wash hands properly before eating • Use Clean utensils, cups, plates
• DO NOT TAKE GLUCOSE DURING DIARRHOEA
• USE ONLY ORS
Viral Coryza
• Fever• Cough• Running Nose• Headache• Spreads via air and
secretions• Generally becomes
okay afetr 5-7 days• No antibiotics required
Prevention of coryza
• Avoid contact with infected person• Drink plenty of water
Eye Infections (Conjunctivitis)
• Spreads via secretion (water) from eye
• Irritation, redness of eye• Self limiting
• Treated with antibiotics• Avoid exposure to sunlight
(Dark glasses)
Fungal infections
Athlete Foot
Tinea infections
Fungal infections
• In moist regions- webs of feet, armpits, groin,nape of neck, skin folds
• Prevention is by keeping area dry• Dusting with powder- menthol
based, clotrimazole powder• Frequent changing of socks,
undergarments• Use Cotton Fabrics
Take Home Message
• Prevent stagnation of water• Use mosquito repellants• Sun Down, Sleeve Down• Clean surroundings, utensils, clean
hands• Plenty of oral fluids• Beware of warning signs of diseases• No self medication