Definition of Down Syndrome

Down syndrome is a chromosomal

disorder caused by an additional (third)

chromosome 21, or "trisomy 21."

Occurring in 1 out of 800 live births, it is

the most frequent genetic cause of mild to

moderate mental retardation.

(Rosenthal, 2011)

Genetic problems related to chromosome 21.

The result of a random event that occurs during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm).

Cause of Down syndrome

(Scott, 2011)

Cause of down syndrome

(Simada, JULY)

Effects of this Disorder

Thyroid problems

Hearing problems

Congenital heart disease

Eye problems

Bone, muscle, nerve, or joint problems

Leukemia and other cancers

Immune system problems

Developmental delay

Mental retardation

(Schoenstadt, 2006) ("Down syndrome," 2011)

(Scott, 2011)

Pictures

(Urquhart, 2002)

Treatment for Down syndrome

Down syndrome is not a condition that can be cured.

Treatment of Down syndrome focuses on controlling

symptoms

Early intervention can help many people with Down syndrome

live productive lives well into adulthood.

Children with Down syndrome can often benefit from speech

therapy, occupational therapy, and exercises for gross and fine

motor skills

(Rosenthal, 2011)

Current Research

Findings from the Stanford University School of

Medicine offer a new strategy for treating the

defects.

The study showed that boosting norepinephrine

signaling in the brains of mice genetically

engineered to mimic Down syndrome improved

their cognition.

(Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital., 2011)

Fact’s

Down syndrome is usually identified at birth

or shortly thereafter.

It has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46.

It is important to remember even if a person as

Down syndrome it doesn’t mean that they are

help less . They have many talents and gifts

Reference Page

Schoenstadt, A. (2006, Sept 06). Retrieved from http://down-

syndrome.emedtv.com/down-syndrome/down-syndrome-effects.html

Rosenthal, M. (2011, February 23). National institute of child health & human

development. Retrieved from

http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/down_syndrome.cfm

Down syndrome. (2011). Retrieved from http://down-syndrome.emedtv.com/

Schoenstadt, M. (2008). Causes of down syndrome. Retrieved from http://down-

syndrome.emedtv.com/down-syndrome/causes-of-down-syndrome.html

Down syndrome. (2011, 03). Retrieved from

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/disorders/whataregd/down/

Scott, C. (2011, August). Nemours. Retrieved from

http://kidshealth.org/parent/medical/genetic/down_syndrome.html

Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital. (2011). Mosaic down syndrome. Retrieved from

http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/genetics/mosdown.html