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Dr Zahida Chaudnary talks with the students about what causes, and how you treat Arthritis. Check out the slideshow by itself here. Want an audio version? Subscribe to our Podcast on iTunes! Want to join us for the live discussion? Check out our Social Media in the noon hour every Monday as we sit down on Google Hangout OnAir! Follow us on Twitter, Facebook, or Google+ to get updated with the link when we start!
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JOINT DISORDERS By Zahida Chaudhary MD
Ankylosing SpondylitisBack PainBehcet's syndromeCarpal tunnel syndromeDiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH)Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)FibromyalgiaGonococcal arthritisGoutJuvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)Lyme DiseaseOsteoarthritisOsteomalaciaOsteoporosisPaget’s DiseasePolymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR)Psoriatic ArthritisRaynaud's phenomenonReactive arthritisRepetitive strain injuryRheumatoid arthritis
List of joint problems
The causes of arthritis depend on the form of arthritis.
Injury or aging, leading to osteoarthritis metabolic abnormalities such as gout and pseudo gout
Hereditary factors and infections
Auto immune such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus.
systemic lupus erythematosusThe causes of arthritis
Basically, a joint is where one bone moves on another bone.
Ligaments hold the two bones together. The ligaments are like elastic bands, while they keep the bones in place your muscles relax or contract to make the joint move.
Cartilage covers the bone surface to stop the two bones from rubbing directly against each other.
The covering of cartilage allows the joint to work smoothly and painlessly.
How a joint works
Broad Classification of Arthritis
Degenerative arthritis Osteoarthritis
Autoimmune arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis ANA positive diseases
Infectious arthritis Bacterial Viral
Metabolic / endocrine Hyperthyroidism Hyperparathyroidism
Crystalline arthritis Gout Pseudo gout
Neoplastic arthritis Primary Para neoplastic
Osteoarthritis “Degenerative joint
disease Primary sight of
pathology is cartilage and subchondral bone Primary vs Secondary Joints only (no systemic
features)
While osteoarthritis can damage any joint in our body, the disorder most commonly affects joints in your hands, neck, lower back, knees and hips.
Symptoms
Pain Early in
disease, pain with use
End stage, pain at rest
May have little or no pain
Stiffness (gel phenomenon)
Physical Findings
Bony enlargement of involved joints Hands
DIP PIP
First CMC (carpometacarpal) Knees Hips Feet (Bunion joint) Spine
OA of Hands
• Hand Involvement“Bony” enlargementSparing of MCPsBouchard’s nodes (PIP)Heberden’s nodes (DIP)Little “synovitis”
OA of the spine
• Lumbar spine Xray in a • patient with scoliosis (curva-• ture of the spine). The • Scoliosis predisposed this• Patient to OA of the spinedisc space narrowing“bridging” osteophytessclerosis
Treating Osteoarthritis
Weight loss (knee OA)
Muscle strengthening (knee OA)
Physical therapy Assistive devices
Canes walkers
Acetaminophen (for mild disease)
NSAIDs Glucosamine/Chondroitin
Sulfate? Joint injections Steroids Viscos supplements
High molecular weight hyaluronic acid
Surgery Joint replacements
Findings from a newly released CDC report indicate that one third of U.S. adults with arthritis 45 years and older have either anxiety or depression.
As shown in the figure on the right, most people who had depression (85%) also had anxiety. However, only 50% of the people who had anxiety also had depression
Treating Osteoarthritis