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ePrescription as a tool for improving adherence The experience of Andalusia Region, Spain

Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

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This presentation summarizes the achievemente of electronic prescription in Andalusia and its contribution to improve therapeutic adherence in patients with chronic conditions. The Public Healthcare Service of Andalusia has developed a long-term strategy about e-health called "Diraya". All the citizens of Andalusia have a single electronic health record, available at primary care centres, hospitals, pharmacy offices or emergency units. The system has a prescription module. Last year 121 million of electronic prescriptions were done in Andalusia. The system allows to saving costs in many ways: avoiding mistakes and duplications, facilitating the use of international non proprietary name (INN), reducing the number of consultations in primary care, and many other. Accumulated, every 100 euros invested, the system recovers 212 euros. This module and its decision support system may allow to identify patients with potential non-compliance behaviour by checking the treatment prescribed for a single drug and the withdrawal of boxes of this drug at the pharmacy offices. This approach should be complemented by other actions and tools, such as mems apps designed for smartphones and tablets; patient education, phone surveillance, and others.

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Page 1: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

e‐Prescription as a tool for improving adherence

The experience of Andalusia Region, Spain

Page 2: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Andalusia: a short view

Main features• 8,437,681

inhabitants (526,942 foreigners) 

• 21.6 Million

of tourists in 2012• Political Autonomy from 1981•

Full responsibility at regional level on Public 

Health and Healthcare Services from 1984

The Public Healthcare System of Andalusia1,514

Primary Care Centres

47

Public Hospitals (16,821 beds)102,000

Healthcare Workers

8,431

M €

Budget 2013 (6.00% GDP; 999.19 €/inhabitant)3,602

Pharmacies (Private Offices regulated as a public service)

Page 3: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

The Digital Strategy of  the Public Healthcare System of Andalusia

• A long‐term

Strategy: From 1999• A single health record number

for all citizens of Andalusia

• A single electronic Health Record for every person• A individual smart card

for each person as a key for access

• Structured

information• A regional eHR

shared among:

• Primary care• Hospitals• Pharmacies• Emergencies• Patients (from 2012)• Nursing homes (coming soon)

Page 4: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Much more than an eHR:  A corporate information system

Appointment Prescription

Radiology

Waiting lists

Functional 

tests

Pathology

Lab tests

Inpatient care

Referrals

Outpatient 

carePrimary 

care

Hospital 

admission

Data 

warehouse

Emergency 

care

8.24 Millionindividual eHR

121 Millione‐prescriptions

yearly

94 Millionappointments

yearly

Health Care Information and 

Management Integrated System

Page 5: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Ageing, chronic diseases and drug consumption

17,923,0

31,6

48,4

73,6

84,391,6

16‐24 25‐34 35‐44 45‐54 55‐64 65‐74 75 & +

% of people with at least one chronic 

condition, by age. Andalusia, 2011

0,2

0,9

1,7

2,3

3,1

4,5

0 ChC 1 ChC 2 ChC 3 ChC 4 ChC 5 ChC +

Number of different drugs consumed 

related to the number of chronic 

conditions (ChC). Andalusia, 2011

17.4 % women13.39 %    man 

People 65 or olderAndalusia, 2012

% of Noncompliance in Hypertension: 

7.1 % ‐

55.2 %               Average: 32.3%

Page 6: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

White Paper onActive Ageing Comprehensive

Plan for attending people with chronic conditionsin Andalusia

Strategic approaches for health ICT, active ageing, chronic diseases and adherence

Consensus document about 

therapeutic adherence in 

chronic patients

Ombudsman Report about 

ICT and older people in 

Andalusia, 2011

Page 7: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

ePrescription

module: “Receta

XXI”

Medical office Pharmacy

Intranet of the Official College of Pharmacists

The system allows the 

dispensation of the 

treatment at any 

pharmacy in Andalusia 

during the time 

established by the doctor

Smart card as a key

Intranet of the 

Public Healthcare 

System

Instruction 

sheet for 

patient

Treatment 

available on line

Page 8: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

ePrescription

utilisation and savings

Savings: 533 Millions €

from 2001

2,7

25,7

46,6

57,763

70,975,2 77,1 78,6

8491,1 93,6

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

48,549,6

50,1 50,5 50,3 49,9

44,143,6

42,9

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

‐14 %

Electronic prescriptions (millions)

Appointments at Primary Care (millions)

% Prescription by INN (active principle)

0,2 1,28,9

30,5

66,3

89,2

105,2

118,6 121,3

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Currently: 94.49% 

of all prescriptions 

are electronic

Page 9: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

ePrescription: cumulative economic performance

0

50.000.000

100.000.000

150.000.000

200.000.000

250.000.000

300.000.000

1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

EUR

Present value of cumulative costs Present value of cumulative benefits

Case studies. European Commission. http://www.ehr‐impact.eu/cases/cases.html

Page 10: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Decision support tools for prescribing• Single medicines record • Updated catalogue (Nomenclator)• Prescription by International Nonproprietary Name• Help in filling up dosage • Warnings for duplicated prescription• Evidence‐based guide by Scientific Societies and HTA Institutions• Info on drugs• Allergies and contraindications• Help reporting adverse reactions• Interactions• Warning maximum daily doses• Warning therapeutic redundancy • Forms included

Page 11: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

ePrescription

avoiding duplication

Electronic tools may contribute  to minimize prescription errors  detecting duplicate drugs or 

family drugs in the same patient.

Use of DSS Prescriptions Duplications %

Before 27,088 1,667 6.15%

After 22,672 273 1.20%

Pilot study on DSS for 

detecting duplication 

on the most frequent 

therapeutic groups

Page 12: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

ePrescription

usefulness for adherence

Electronic tools may  allow GPs to identify   patients with potential 

noncompliance  behaviour and reinforce 

individual measures of  education, assessment  and/or motivation.

In addition, ePrescription module may help to 

monitor these patients.

Page 13: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

ePrescription

module: role of the pharmacist

Pharmacy Pharmacist can send 

an alert to the 

individual eHR

and 

block a prescription 

until the Doctor can 

check it and confirm 

or not

A warning appears at the patient’s eHR

and Doctor can check the comments 

from the pharmacist and confirm this 

criteria or maintain the drug

Medical office

Intranet of the Public 

Healthcare System

Intranet of the 

Official College of 

Pharmacists

91,17

8,83

Confirmed Re‐activated

16,220 cases in 2012

%

%

Page 14: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Survey on ePrescription2009‐20101,193 pharmacists in Spain(984 of them in Andalusia Region)Supported by Almirall©

ePrescription:

Is globally positive for the pharmacy office 78.8%

Increases detection of drug‐related problems 78.7%

Improves therapeutic adherence 80.2%

Improves therapeutic adherence in older people 79.7%

Improves therapeutic adherence in chronic patients 63.3%

Allows the pharmacist more ability for monitoring 68.8%

Patient feels a better control by the pharmacist 54.1%

Page 15: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Other tools for enhancing adherence

App for smartphones

or tablets: 

“Recuerdamed”

Access to eHR

and current 

treatment for patients

Patient’s school

Telemedicine

Call centre

Page 16: Electronic prescription and therapeutic adherence

Thanks for your attention!

José

L. ROCHA

General Secretary for Quality and InnovationRegional Ministry of Health and Social WelfareGovernment of Andalusia, [email protected]

@joselurro