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Empowering lives, building resilience
Dr. Christoph HamelmannRegional Practice Leader HIV, Health and Development
UNDP Europe and Central Asia
Annual Business and Technical Conference of the WHO European Healthy Cities Network and Network of European National
Healthy Cities NetworksSt. Petersburg, 14-16 June 2012
Development Stories from Europe and Central Asia
Overview
• Case Reports• Environment and Health: Glocalization of Action• Reflections on Building Resilience• Resilience as Component of Sustainable
Development• Link with WHO Health 2020 and Rio+20
Bulgaria: Job Opportunities through Business Support
Carpet factory HEMUS became leading employer in village Kostandovo, over 80 women engaged
• Economy collapsing and in transition• high unemployment, rural areas
fall behind• lack of self-confidence in
entrepreneurship in rural areas
What the Challenge was
• Business centre: support to open business in depressed rural areas• Loan guarantees and quality
certificates
Innovation / Pilot
Average Unemployment %
Small villagesMixed areasCountryUrban areas
Bulgaria: Job Opportunities through Business Support
• Owned up by Ministry of Labour and Social Policy
• Branding: Job Opportunities through Business Support ‘JOBS’
• 42 business centres
• 37,700 new jobs in rural areas
• 60,900 people trained with new business and vocational skills
Transformation & Scale Up
Georgia: Justice for All
Head of legal aid services at legal consultation with displaced people
• Country in transition, poverty• Conflict and post-conflict
situation, past civil unrests• Break-away regions•Weak legal system, many
unresolved legal issues
What the Challenge was
• As part of judicial reform and the 2007 Law on Legal AID• First Legal AID Service office for
the poor, displaced, ethnic minorities, from remote areas
Innovation / Pilot
• Leadership by Ministry of Corrections and Legal Assistance
• Rapid scale-up supported by UNDP through training of lawyers, ‘knowing your rights’ campaigns and service marketing
• 11 Legal AID service offices and 3 consultation centres
• Over 12,000 legal consultations in 2010
Transformation & Scale Up
Georgia: Justice for All
Legal aid service to ethnic minority groups – ethnic Greek woman in Georgia
Kyrgyzstan: Reducing harm from HIV
A health worker in Osh doing HIV testing
• People infected by HIV increasing• Country at the crossroads of drug
trafficking through Central Asia• Discrimination, marginalization
and criminalization of populations most at risk
What the Challenge was
• Needle and syringe exchange•Methadone substitution
treatment (2002, first in CIS)• Landmark court case on
protection rights for PLHIV through legal aid clinic
Innovation / Pilot
• Owned up by Ministry of Health with multi-sectoral government approach• CSOs: ‘Nothing about us without
us’• National HIV Strategy and
National AIDS Law• National scale-up of harm-
reduction services for IDUs• National scale up of
comprehensive HIV/AIDS services
Transformation & Scale Up
Kyrgyzstan: Reducing harm from HIV
National HIV Programme 2006-2010 conforms with international standards and focuses on
populations at higher risk
Albania: Mine-Free to Development
• Landmines from Kosovo conflict•Area in which people lived
mainly from subsistence farming•Abandonment of fields
and infrastructure
What the Challenge was• Survey, mark, clear mines•Mine risk education•Victim assistance (1/3 of
victims were children)•Whole community
engagement
Innovation / Pilot
• Early scale-up to all districts,39 villages, 25,000 inhabitants• Clearing completed by 2005•Mine action committees become
community development committees• Priority development plans
implemented through 185 community organizations• Government investments for
infrastructure and matching funds for community contributions
Transformation & Scale Up
Mine risk education taught children how to stay safe
Albania: Mine-Free to Development
A house in Osijek demonstrates the benefits of passive solar heating
Croatia: Energy Charta for Public Sector Buildings
•Wasteful energy use, energy intensity 12 % over EU average• High carbon emission intensity• High energy bill for public sector
buildings
What the Challenge was
• Pilot in Sisak, population 50,000• 24 demonstration buildings• Over 2 years, energy
consumption down 13%, savings $ 440,000, carbon emissions down by 780 tons
Innovation / Pilot
Croatia: Energy Charta for Public Sector Buildings
• 127 mayors, all 20 county prefects and 15 ministries signed Energy Charta•Marketing campaign with ‘Gaspar
Energetic’, information and solar education centres• Croatian Energy Law, Strategy and
Action Plan• Energy audit infrastructure and
web-based EMIS• Trainings and job creation• 52% coverage of public sector
buildings, most in health sector
Transformation & Scale Up
• Health sector accounts for 7.5 % of GDP in ECIS region• Technology intensive with significant consumption of
resources, associated with environmental pollution and degradation
• Accounts for an estimated 4.2 % of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the ECIS region
• Up to 25 % of these GHG can be reduced within short-term, more through long-term measures
• Reductions have also direct positive impact on life-years saved
Example: Greenhouse gases
Ministerial European Environment and Health Task Force Meeting, Bled/Slovenia 2011
Environmental Impact of Health Sector
Report Regional Preparatory Meeting
Public procurement47. Sustainable public procurement was supported as a first critical step to further the green economy at the national as well as the sub-national level. Concrete progress was proposed in the form of sustainable public procurement targets that could be met by an increasing number of countries over the years.
Economic Commission for Europe
UK NHS Sustainable Development Unit, collaboration with UNDP and WHO
Carbon Foot Printing &
Marginal Abatement Costs in the Health Sector
Building Resilience:Key Lessons Learnt
• It seems to need a trigger, often serious problem, crisis• Hardest hit are the poor and disadvantaged populations• Strong individual and community participation
important• Multi-sectoral responses with particular focus on the
poor and disadvantaged populations• Trouble shooting and preparedness for trouble shooting
is not enough• Resilience is not endless and not a vehicle to justify
dismantling of social protection under austerity policies
Building Resilience:Key Lessons Learnt
• Multi-level responses reflect glocalization of networks and increase impact in time, scale and scope
• Strongest resilience when empowerment of people, communities and institutions results in breaking vicious cycle of trouble shooting and maintaining outdated systems, values and practices causing even more of it
• Commitment to multi-generational responsibility• Transformational resilience as component of
sustainable development
Base Development Model
Economic growth
Environmental protection
Social justice
Dynamic Model – non-sustainable
Dynamic Model - sustainable
Blue Path
Links with WHO Europe Health 2020
• Values: universality and equity, sustainability, rights-based and participatory approach, anti-discrimination, transparency and accountability
• Strategies: Universal access to health services including emergency services; socio-economic and environmental determinants of health; Health in All Policies; whole government approach
Glocalization in Action: WHO & UNDP
Wednesday, 20 June 2012 Local action and partnerships for more resilient
people and communities Panelists to include:
Mr. Christian Bach, Minister for Development Cooperation of Denmark; Dr. Margaret Chan, Director
General of the World Health Organization (WHO); Ms. Helen Clark, United Nations Development
Programme (UNDP)
Glocalization in Action: WHO & UNDP
Wednesday, 20 June 2012 Greening the health sector
Wednesday, 20 June 2012 Health and sustainable development –
reinforcing the links Panelists to include:
Dr. Margaret Chan, Director General of the World Health Organization (WHO)
Empowering Lives, Building Resilience
Development Stories from Europe and Central Asia
For further information:
Acknowledgment to all who participated in the projects and to those who compiled the brochure
