Healthy and Harmful HalogensHealthy and Harmful Halogens

Iodine Iodine and and FluorideFluoride

LewRockwell.com ConferenceLewRockwell.com Conference

Be Healthy, Wealthy, and WiseBe Healthy, Wealthy, and WiseCenter for Libertarian StudiesCenter for Libertarian Studies

Foster City, CAFoster City, CA

December 2, 2006December 2, 2006

Donald W. Miller, Jr., M.DDonald W. Miller, Jr., M.D.. Professor of SurgeryProfessor of Surgery Division of Cardiothoracic SurgeryDivision of Cardiothoracic Surgery University of Washington School of MedicineUniversity of Washington School of Medicine

HalogensHalogens

Atomic Wt. DiscoveredAtomic Wt. Discovered

FluorineFluorine 1919 18861886

ChlorineChlorine 35 35 18091809

Bromine Bromine 80 80 18261826

Iodine Iodine 127 127 18111811

Astatine Astatine 210 210 19401940

IodineIodine BromineBromine ChlorineChlorine FluorideFluoride IodineIodine FluorideFluoride

Halogens in WarHalogens in War

Elements that Compose the Human BodyElements that Compose the Human Body

Periodic Table of ElementsPeriodic Table of Elements

Iodine Iodine

ChlorineChlorine

Origin of FluoridationOrigin of Fluoridation

Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project

Edward BernaysEdward Bernays

Fluoride in Fluoride in Dr. StrangeloveDr. Strangelove

“Have you ever seen a commie drink a glass of water?”Capt. Jack D. Ripper

Dental FluorosisDental Fluorosis

Cosmetic Correction of FluorosisCosmetic Correction of Fluorosis

$14,000 later

Lead, Fluoride and ArsenicLead, Fluoride and Arsenic

Toxicity Maximum Contaminant Toxicity Maximum Contaminant Levels Levels

Manifestations of Fluoride PoisoningManifestations of Fluoride Poisoning

• Skeletal FluorosisSkeletal Fluorosis– ArthritisArthritis– Osteoporosis/FractureOsteoporosis/Fracture– Crippling deformitiesCrippling deformities

• NeurotoxicityNeurotoxicity– Abnormal brain developmentAbnormal brain development– Alzheimer’s diseaseAlzheimer’s disease

• HypothyroidismHypothyroidism

Manifestations of Fluoride PoisoningManifestations of Fluoride Poisoning

• Increases risk for cancerIncreases risk for cancer– OsteosarcomaOsteosarcoma– HepatocholangiocarcinomaHepatocholangiocarcinoma

• Early onset of pubertyEarly onset of puberty– Due to impaired melatonin productionDue to impaired melatonin production

• Reduced male fertility Reduced male fertility

Water Filters that Remove FluorideWater Filters that Remove Fluoride

Reverse Osmosis DistillerReverse Osmosis Distiller

Water Fluoridation in U.S.Water Fluoridation in U.S.

Goal (Objective 21-9):Goal (Objective 21-9): Increase proportion Increase proportion of U.S. population served by fluoridated of U.S. population served by fluoridated community water systems to 75 percentcommunity water systems to 75 percent

Iodine in Thyroid HormonesIodine in Thyroid Hormones

Iodine atomIodine atom

Actions of Triiodothyronine (TActions of Triiodothyronine (T33))

Regulate cellular oxidationRegulate cellular oxidation CalorigenesisCalorigenesis ThermoregulationThermoregulation Intermediary MetabolismIntermediary Metabolism

Necessary for protein synthesisNecessary for protein synthesis PromotesPromotes

Nitrogen retention Nitrogen retention GlycogenolysisGlycogenolysis Intestinal absorption of glucose and galactoseIntestinal absorption of glucose and galactose Lipolysis Lipolysis Uptake of glucose by adipocytesUptake of glucose by adipocytes

Iodine Deficiency DisordersIodine Deficiency Disorders

Goiter Mental RetardationGoiter Mental Retardation

CretinismCretinism

Reference Daily IntakeReference Daily Intake(RDI) for Iodine(RDI) for Iodine

According to the AMA, NIH National Research According to the AMA, NIH National Research Council, Joint UN FAO/WHO Expert Committee Council, Joint UN FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, and the EU IPCSon Food Additives, and the EU IPCS

RDI:RDI: 100-150 100-150 μμg/dayg/day

Worldwide Iodine Nutrition Worldwide Iodine Nutrition

Median urinary iodine concentration of 100-199 ug/L with corresponding approximate iodine intake 150-299 ug/day

International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. International Council for the Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders. Current IDD Status Database, 2003Current IDD Status Database, 2003

Iodine Intake in JapanIodine Intake in Japan

Nutrition in Japan, 1964. Nutrition Section, Bureau of Public Health, Nutrition in Japan, 1964. Nutrition Section, Bureau of Public Health, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan, March 1965Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan, March 1965

Iodine Intake 1950-1963: Iodine Intake 1950-1963: 13.8 mg/per capita/day 13.8 mg/per capita/day (average 4.5 gm seaweed (average 4.5 gm seaweed a day. Measured Iodine a day. Measured Iodine content 0.3mg/gm)content 0.3mg/gm)

Seaweed consumption in 2001: Seaweed consumption in 2001: 14.6 gm (dry weight)14.6 gm (dry weight)

Iodine Intake 2001: Iodine Intake 2001: 43.8 mg43.8 mgIf Iodine content the If Iodine content the same (was not same (was not

measured)measured)

Iodine Intake in the United StatesIodine Intake in the United States

Urinary iodine levels (Urinary iodine levels (µµg/L) in g/L) in the United States, age 6-74the United States, age 6-74

  NHANES I, 1971-741

NHANES III, 1988-911 NHANES 2000

Median 32.00 14.5 16.1

SE 0.6   0.3 0.7

1Hollowell, JE et al. Iodine nutrition in the United States. Trends and public health implications: Iodine excretion data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971-74 and 1988-94). J Clin Endocrinol Metab 83:3401-3408. 1998.

Current Average Daily Current Average Daily Intake of Iodine: Intake of Iodine:

240 µg (0.24 mg)240 µg (0.24 mg)

Iodine Intake in 1970s: Iodine Intake in 1970s: 480 µg (0.48 mg)480 µg (0.48 mg)

320 145 161

Health Comparisons:Health Comparisons: United States and Japan United States and Japan

United States JapanUnited States Japan Incidence of BreastIncidence of Breast Highest in World Lowest Highest in World Lowest CancerCancer

Life ExpectancyLife Expectancy 77.85 years 81.25 years77.85 years 81.25 years (48(48thth/226 countries) (No. 6)/226 countries) (No. 6)

Infant Mortality Rate Infant Mortality Rate 7.0 3.57.0 3.5 (deaths under age 1 per (Lowest in World)(deaths under age 1 per (Lowest in World) 1,000 live births) 1,000 live births)

The Earth’s 3The Earth’s 3rdrd Atmosphere, from 2.2 Ga Atmosphere, from 2.2 Ga

OxygenOxygenLevel in Level in AtmosphereAtmosphere(Percent)(Percent)

4.6 3.6 2.6 1.6 0.64.6 3.6 2.6 1.6 0.6 Billion Years AgoBillion Years Ago

Photosynthesis first done by Photosynthesis first done by Cyanobacteria:Cyanobacteria:

6CO6CO22 + 6H + 6H22O O →→ C C 66HH1212 OO66 + +

6O6O22

CyanobacteriaCyanobacteria are also the first life forms to tolerate and are also the first life forms to tolerate and use……………………... use……………………...

IODINEIODINE

Iodine as an AntioxidantIodine as an Antioxidant

II-- + H+ H22OO2 2 HIO + OHHIO + OH--

HIO + HIO + II-- + H + H++ II22 + H + H22OO

Reactive Oxygen SpeciesReactive Oxygen Species

Kupper FC, et al. Iodine uptake in Laminariales involves extracellular, Kupper FC, et al. Iodine uptake in Laminariales involves extracellular, haloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of iodide. haloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of iodide. Planta Planta 1998;207:163-171.1998;207:163-171.

Function of Iodine in Humans Function of Iodine in Humans and Other Animalsand Other Animals

Thyroidal -- OrganicThyroidal -- Organic A Component of Thyroxine and T3A Component of Thyroxine and T3

Extrathyroidal -- InorganicExtrathyroidal -- Inorganic An AntioxidantAn Antioxidant Triggers ApoptosisTriggers Apoptosis OtherOther

• Detoxify chemicals and biological toxinsDetoxify chemicals and biological toxins• Anti-allergic, coat external proteins rendering them Anti-allergic, coat external proteins rendering them

non allergicnon allergic• Suppess auto-immunitySuppess auto-immunity• Strengthen immune systemStrengthen immune system• Provide antisepsis in the stomachProvide antisepsis in the stomach

Zhang, L. et al. Nonradioactive Iodide Effectively Induces Apoptosis in Genetically Zhang, L. et al. Nonradioactive Iodide Effectively Induces Apoptosis in Genetically Modified Lung Cancer Cells. Modified Lung Cancer Cells. Cancer ResearchCancer Research 2003;63:5065-5072 2003;63:5065-5072

Iodine-Induced Apoptosis in Lung CancerIodine-Induced Apoptosis in Lung Cancer

Iodine Sensitive Lung Cancer Cells Parent (unmodified) Lung Cancer CellsIodine Sensitive Lung Cancer Cells Parent (unmodified) Lung Cancer Cells

Effect of Iodine on Tumor Growth in MiceEffect of Iodine on Tumor Growth in Mice

Genetically Modified Tumor Genetically Modified Tumor Xenograft ControlsXenograft Controls

Genetically Modified Tumor Genetically Modified Tumor Xenograft Xenograft with Iodinewith Iodine

Zhang, L. et al. Nonradioactive Iodide Effectively Induces Apoptosis in Zhang, L. et al. Nonradioactive Iodide Effectively Induces Apoptosis in Genetically Modified Lung Cancer Cells. Genetically Modified Lung Cancer Cells. Cancer ResearchCancer Research 2003;63:5065-5072 2003;63:5065-5072

Organs with Iodine Concentrating AbilityOrgans with Iodine Concentrating AbilityVia the Sodium/Iodine Symporter PumpVia the Sodium/Iodine Symporter Pump

Stomach MucosaStomach Mucosa

Mammary GlandsMammary Glands

Salivary GlandsSalivary Glands

Other:Other: OvariesOvaries

ThymusThymus

EpidermisEpidermis

Choroid PlexusChoroid Plexus

Articular, Arterial, andArticular, Arterial, and Skeletal Systems Skeletal Systems

125125I total-body scintiscansI total-body scintiscans

30 min 6 hr 20 hr30 min 6 hr 20 hr

Venturi S, et al. Role of Iodine in Evolution and Carcinogenesis of Venturi S, et al. Role of Iodine in Evolution and Carcinogenesis of Thyroid, Breast and Stomach. Thyroid, Breast and Stomach. Adv Clin Path Adv Clin Path 2000;4:11-17.2000;4:11-17.

The Real Truth on IodineThe Real Truth on IodineDose-Related BenefitsDose-Related Benefits

In microgram (In microgram (μμg) g) amounts:amounts:

In milligram (mg) In milligram (mg) amounts:amounts:

In gram (g) In gram (g) amounts:amounts:

For thyroid hormoneFor thyroid hormone

Achieve optimal healthAchieve optimal healthPrevent (and treat) fibrocystic Prevent (and treat) fibrocystic

disease of the breastdisease of the breastPrevent cancerPrevent cancerCivil DefenseCivil DefenseTreat multiple diseases: Treat multiple diseases:

dermatologic, pulmonary, dermatologic, pulmonary, cardiovascular, fungalcardiovascular, fungal

Different Kinds of IodineDifferent Kinds of Iodine

Inorganic, Nonradioactive (Inorganic, Nonradioactive (127127I)I)– KI, SSKI, Lugol’s Solution, Iodoral,KI, SSKI, Lugol’s Solution, Iodoral,– Tincture of Iodine, Povidone-Iodine)Tincture of Iodine, Povidone-Iodine)

OrganicOrganic– Endogenous Endogenous

• Thyroid hormonesThyroid hormones

– SyntheticSynthetic• AmiodaroneAmiodarone• Radiocontrast mediaRadiocontrast media

– Iopanoic acid, Meglumine Iotroxate, Propyliodone, etc.Iopanoic acid, Meglumine Iotroxate, Propyliodone, etc.

(Inorganic) Radioactive Isotopes(Inorganic) Radioactive Isotopes

Forms of Inorganic, Nonradioactive Forms of Inorganic, Nonradioactive IodineIodine

• KI KI (Potassium Iodide)(Potassium Iodide)– A 130 mg tablet contains 100 mg of iodideA 130 mg tablet contains 100 mg of iodide

• SSKI SSKI (Saturated Solution of Potassium Iodide) (Saturated Solution of Potassium Iodide) – 38 mg/drop iodide (760 mg/ml) 38 mg/drop iodide (760 mg/ml)

• 19 mg/drop in Tahoma Clinic’s SSKI Tri-Quench19 mg/drop in Tahoma Clinic’s SSKI Tri-Quench

• Lugol’s Solution Lugol’s Solution -- -- 5% iodine (I5% iodine (I22) and 10% KI) and 10% KI– 6.5 mg/drop blend of iodine and iodide (130 mg/ml)6.5 mg/drop blend of iodine and iodide (130 mg/ml)

• Iodoral -- Iodoral -- 5% iodine and 10% KI5% iodine and 10% KI– One tablet = 12.5 mg blend of iodine and iodideOne tablet = 12.5 mg blend of iodine and iodide

Iodine PoisoningIodine Poisoning

Ingested Ingested 15 gm15 gm of Iodine – of Iodine – 100,000 x 100,000 x the RDA of 0.00015 gm (150 the RDA of 0.00015 gm (150 μμg)g)

Serum Iodide level was Serum Iodide level was 2,950 ug/dL 2,950 ug/dL (normal is 3.5 (normal is 3.5 μμg/dL with daily intake g/dL with daily intake of 150 ug Iodine)of 150 ug Iodine)

Salivary Iodide Level Salivary Iodide Level 60,000 ug/dL60,000 ug/dL(normal 105 (normal 105 μμg/dL)g/dL)

Iodine in DermatologyIodine in Dermatology

Pyoderma Pyoderma GangrenosumGangrenosum

NodularNodularVasculitisVasculitis

SporotrichosisSporotrichosis

Sterling JB, Heymann WR. Potassium IodideSterling JB, Heymann WR. Potassium IodideIn Dermatology: A 19In Dermatology: A 19thth Century Drug for the 21 Century Drug for the 21stst Century—Uses, Pharmacology, Adverse Effects, Century—Uses, Pharmacology, Adverse Effects, and Contraindications. and Contraindications. J Am Acad Dermatol J Am Acad Dermatol 2000;43:691-697.2000;43:691-697.

Fibrocystic Breast Disease Fibrocystic Breast Disease

CystCyst

Fibrous Fibrous tissuetissue

Epithelial Epithelial and and apocrine apocrine hyperplasiahyperplasia

Elemental Elemental Iodine, IIodine, I22, more , more

effective than effective than Iodide, IIodide, I--

Ghent WR, Eskin BA, Low DA, Hill LP. Iodine Replacement in Ghent WR, Eskin BA, Low DA, Hill LP. Iodine Replacement in Fibrocystic Disease of the Breast. Fibrocystic Disease of the Breast. Can J Surg Can J Surg 1993;36:453-1993;36:453-460.460.

Iodine Prevents Breast CancerIodine Prevents Breast Cancer

Animal StudiesAnimal StudiesReduces incidence in rats given carcinogensReduces incidence in rats given carcinogens

Human StudiesHuman StudiesKills cancer cells grown Kills cancer cells grown in vitroin vitroAbsorbed by cancer-prone ductal epitheliumAbsorbed by cancer-prone ductal epithelium

Epidemiological StudiesEpidemiological StudiesIncreased incidence with goiterIncreased incidence with goiterLower incidence in people who eat seaweed and Lower incidence in people who eat seaweed and

fishfish

The Iodine ProjectThe Iodine Project

Hypothesis:Hypothesis: Whole body sufficiency Whole body sufficiency of iodine requires mg of iodine requires mg (12.5 mg), (12.5 mg), not not μμg (150 g (150 μμg ) daily g ) daily amountsamounts

Principle InvestigatorsPrinciple InvestigatorsGuy Abraham MD, 1997: Optimox Corp., Torrance, CAGuy Abraham MD, 1997: Optimox Corp., Torrance, CA Jorge Flechas MD, 2000 (1,000 pts.): Flechas Family Jorge Flechas MD, 2000 (1,000 pts.): Flechas Family

Practice, Hendersonville, NC Practice, Hendersonville, NC David Brownstein MD, 2003 (3,000 pts.): Center for Holistic David Brownstein MD, 2003 (3,000 pts.): Center for Holistic

Medicine, West Medicine, West Bloomfield, MIBloomfield, MI

Iodine Loading TestIodine Loading TestTake 50 mg iodine, urine collected for 24 hoursTake 50 mg iodine, urine collected for 24 hoursLess than 90 % excretion indicates iodine insufficiencyLess than 90 % excretion indicates iodine insufficiency

Health Benefits of mg-Dose Health Benefits of mg-Dose Iodine at Iodine at 100x the RDI100x the RDI

Feel HealthierFeel Healthier Sense of Well-BeingSense of Well-Being Lifting of Brain FogLifting of Brain Fog Increased Energy – Increased Energy –

Achieve More in Less TimeAchieve More in Less Time Feel Warmer in Cold Feel Warmer in Cold

EnvironmentsEnvironments Need Less SleepNeed Less Sleep Regular Bowel MovementsRegular Bowel Movements Improved Skin ComplexionImproved Skin Complexion Strengthens Immune SystemStrengthens Immune System Prevents CancerPrevents Cancer Blocks Blocks 131131I Absorption from Radioactive FalloutI Absorption from Radioactive Fallout