Common causes of knee pain

Dr.A.K.VenkatachalamMS, DNB, FRCS, MCH Orth (Liverpool)

Consultant Orthopaedic surgeon,Clinic – 27, 1st avenue, Besant nagar,

Chennai

Cell –9282165002, 917664002

www.kneeindia.com www.shoulderindia.com

www.kneeindia.com 1

Why do Indians develop Osteoarthritis in middle age

• Age related degeneration

• Obesity

• Mal-alignment

• Injuries

• Erect posture predisposes to inner compartment arthritis.

www.kneeindia.com 2

Knee Joint

www.kneeindia.com 3

Knee joint

www.kneeindia.com 4

Three terrestrial animals with straight legs

Bear

Elephants have four knees

Man

www.kneeindia.com 5

Normal Patellar position

www.kneeindia.com 6

Anatomy of normal knee

Show Insall’s Cd

www.kneeindia.com 7

Cause of uni-compartmental osteo-arthritis

• Malalignment

• Menisectomy of the concerned compartment.

• ACL insufficiency

www.kneeindia.com 8

Deformities of knee

www.kneeindia.com 9

Normal Knee anatomy and articular cartilage

www.kneeindia.com 10

Medial compartment arthritis in bow legs

www.kneeindia.com 11

Normal and abnormal articular cartilage

www.kneeindia.com 12

Articular cartilage defect seen at operation Normal

cartilage

Damaged cartilage

Damaged cartilagewww.kneeindia.com 13

Knee resurfacing Knee resurfacing for partial knee arthritis of medical compartment.

•No cement/ screw fixation

•Day care/ short stay surgery

•Less morbidity and blood loss

•Less cost

•Full function,

Implant

www.kneeindia.com 14

Partial knee replacement

• For complete pain relief life 15 years.

• Can be combined with knee cap or patellar replacement

www.kneeindia.com 15

www.kneeindia.com 16

Corrective osteotomy for bow legs

www.kneeindia.com 17

Pain under the knee cap

www.kneeindia.com 18

Laminar air flow operating theatre

www.kneeindia.com 19

Total knee replacement

www.kneeindia.com 20

Technique

Preparation of Knees to receive the prosthesis.

Cementation

Show implantation and completed models

Patella replacement

Show components of Normal Knee and High flexion knee.

www.kneeindia.com 21

www.kneeindia.com 22

Kneeling after High flexion knee replacement

• Indian doctor had left TKR in 2005

• Full flexion

www.kneeindia.com 23

www.kneeindia.com 24

Dr.A.K.VenkatachalamConsultant Orthopaedic surgeon

www.kneeindia.com

www.kneereplacement.co.in

www.hipsurgery.in

www.kneeindia.com 25