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Miracles of BrainMiracles of Brain

Brain BasicsBrain BasicsOverviewOverview

Brain Facts DiscussionBrain Facts Discussion

Parts of the BrainParts of the Brain

FunctionsFunctions

Brain Misconceptions DiscussionBrain Misconceptions Discussion

BrainBrain Brain veins : 1 L miles ( 4 rounds of earth )Brain veins : 1 L miles ( 4 rounds of earth ) Brain : 78% waterBrain : 78% water 63k thoughts per day63k thoughts per day 15-20% blood supply is made to brain even 15-20% blood supply is made to brain even

though it is weighing only 2.5% of the total wt.though it is weighing only 2.5% of the total wt. Requires oxygen, glucose in great quantities.Requires oxygen, glucose in great quantities. No oxygen for 10 secs, unconscious.No oxygen for 10 secs, unconscious. No oxygen for 30 secs, permanent damage .No oxygen for 30 secs, permanent damage . More than 30 secs, dead…More than 30 secs, dead…

Brain FactsBrain FactsNew born av wt 360 gms ( girl)/ 380 gms ( boy)New born av wt 360 gms ( girl)/ 380 gms ( boy)After 1 yr, Girl 940 gms / Boy 970 gmsAfter 1 yr, Girl 940 gms / Boy 970 gmsAge 12, Girl , 1260 gms / Boy 1440 gmsAge 12, Girl , 1260 gms / Boy 1440 gmsAge 60, Woman 1250 gms / Man 1370 gmsAge 60, Woman 1250 gms / Man 1370 gmsAge 80, Woman 1170 gms / Man 1310 gmsAge 80, Woman 1170 gms / Man 1310 gms

Brain has 10000 crs neurons.Brain has 10000 crs neurons.1 neuron/sec calculation speed will take 3171 yrs.1 neuron/sec calculation speed will take 3171 yrs.Neurons if arrange linearly, 1000 kms.Neurons if arrange linearly, 1000 kms.Neuron width 10 microns ( full stop is 500 microns)Neuron width 10 microns ( full stop is 500 microns)

Brain LobesBrain Lobes

The The Cerebral CortexCerebral Cortex (wrinkled (wrinkled outside part of the brain) is outside part of the brain) is arbitrarily divided into 4 arbitrarily divided into 4 lobeslobes based upon the things based upon the things that scientists think they do.that scientists think they do.

The The occipital lobeoccipital lobe processes processes the visual information from the visual information from your eyes.your eyes.

The The frontal lobefrontal lobe makes high- makes high-level decisions, plans level decisions, plans movements, coordinates movements, coordinates speech.speech.

Brain LobesBrain Lobes

The The parietal lobeparietal lobe processes your sense of processes your sense of touch.touch.

The The temporal lobetemporal lobe helps helps identify things (what identify things (what things are), helps you things are), helps you remember things, and remember things, and processes sounds processes sounds (hearing)(hearing)

Other Brain PartsOther Brain PartsThe The CerebellumCerebellum has as has as

many neurons as the many neurons as the entire cerebral cortex!entire cerebral cortex!Its main role is to Its main role is to coordinate movements.coordinate movements.

The The BrainstemBrainstem controls controls the body processes that the body processes that you don’t have to think you don’t have to think about (like your heart about (like your heart beat,sleep ) beat,sleep )

Brain MisconceptionsBrain Misconceptions10%10%

Do people only use 10% of their brain?Do people only use 10% of their brain?No. No.

Different parts of your brain do different Different parts of your brain do different things. So not all of your brain needs to be things. So not all of your brain needs to be doing something all of the time. doing something all of the time.

Brain MisconceptionsBrain MisconceptionsWrinklesWrinkles

Why are there wrinkles in the brain? Do more wrinkles Why are there wrinkles in the brain? Do more wrinkles appear when you learn something new?appear when you learn something new?

No.No.

Your cerebral cortex is essentially a flat sheet (like a Your cerebral cortex is essentially a flat sheet (like a large sheet of paper) that it has to fit in your skull large sheet of paper) that it has to fit in your skull (which is like a cup)… A crumpled up sheet of paper (which is like a cup)… A crumpled up sheet of paper fits in a cup easier than an unfolded one. fits in a cup easier than an unfolded one.

Brain MisconceptionsBrain MisconceptionsGender and Brain SizeGender and Brain Size

Do boys have bigger brains and are they smarter than Do boys have bigger brains and are they smarter than girls or the opposite?girls or the opposite?(1) Men on average actually do have larger brains (1) Men on average actually do have larger brains than women (just like they have bigger bodies on than women (just like they have bigger bodies on average). But, elephants have much bigger brains average). But, elephants have much bigger brains than humans (4 times as heavy) and cats are about 45 than humans (4 times as heavy) and cats are about 45 times smaller.times smaller.(2) (2) A bigger brain does not mean you are smarter.A bigger brain does not mean you are smarter. Men and women have the same intelligence level on Men and women have the same intelligence level on average (although there is some evidence that each average (although there is some evidence that each may be slightly better at specific tasks). may be slightly better at specific tasks).

Brain MisconceptionsBrain MisconceptionsComputers (1)Computers (1)

Is the brain like the CPU of a computer?Is the brain like the CPU of a computer?

Not really.Not really.

Computers are made of metal and use electricity to Computers are made of metal and use electricity to process information. Brains are made of organic cells process information. Brains are made of organic cells and use a mix of electrical signals and chemicals to and use a mix of electrical signals and chemicals to process information.process information.

If one part of a computer breaks it can do almost If one part of a computer breaks it can do almost nothing. If one part of your brain gets damaged only nothing. If one part of your brain gets damaged only certain things are hard to do and it can sometimes certain things are hard to do and it can sometimes gradually repair itself.gradually repair itself.

Brain MisconceptionsBrain MisconceptionsComputers (2)Computers (2)

Are humans smarter than computers or computers Are humans smarter than computers or computers smarter than people?smarter than people?Neither, they work in different ways.Neither, they work in different ways.

Computers are currently all Computers are currently all programmed to do a programmed to do a specific task by peoplespecific task by people who give them specific who give them specific instructions about how to do it. instructions about how to do it. Currently, computers are not able to do things they Currently, computers are not able to do things they are not specifically told, how to do. are not specifically told, how to do.

Humans, however, are Humans, however, are very good at figuring out very good at figuring out creative ways to do things on their own.creative ways to do things on their own.