MUSIC THERAPY-MY TAIK

EMAN YOUSSIF

THE CONTENT

Types of wave length in the brain

Therapy with wave length music

www.youtube.com/watch?vhttp://wGEFI7Dx-=OI

If u turn on radio wave lenghheadphone and computer recorderu listen by 2 earsif u had a 400 HZ tone in one earif u had 404 HZ in the otheru wouid receive a third tone of 4 HZ

Neural oscillations

Neural oscillations are observed throughout the central nervous system and at all levels, e.g., spike trains, local field potentials and

large-scale oscillations which can be measured by electroencephalography

Neural oscillations and synchronization have been linked to many cognitive functions such as information transfer,

perception, motor control and memory

Neurons can generate rhythmic patterns of action potentials or spikes. Some types of neurons

have the tendency to fire at particular frequencies, so-called

resonators

Oscillatory activity can also be observed in the form of

subthreshold membrane potential oscillations (i.e. in the absence of action potentials).[9] If numerous neurons spike in synchrony, they

can give rise to oscillations in local field potentials (LFPs)

The functions of neural oscillations are wide ranging and vary for different types of oscillatory activity.

Examples are the generation of rhythmic activity such as a heartbeat and the neural binding of sensory

features in perception, such as the shape and color of an object. Neural oscillations also play an important

role in many neurological disorders, such as excessive synchronization during seizure activity in epilepsy or

tremor in patients with Parkinson's disease. Oscillatory activity can also be used to control external devices in

brain-computer interfaces, in which subjects can control an external device by changing the amplitude of

particular brain rhythmics

Neurons generate action potentials resulting from changes in the electric membrane potential. Neurons can generate multiple action potentials in sequence forming so-called spike trains.

These spike trains are the basis for neural coding and information transfer in the brain. Spike trains can form all kinds of patterns, such as rhythmic spiking and bursting, and often

display oscillatory activityMicroscopic

Alpha wave

Alpha waves are neural oscillations in the frequency range of 8–13 Hz arising from

synchronous and coherent

predominantly originate from the occipital lobe during wakeful relaxation with closed

eyes.

The second occurrence of alpha wave activity is during REM sleep. As opposed to the awake form of alpha activity, this form is located in a frontal-central location in the

brain

Delta wave

A delta wave is a high amplitude brain wave with

a frequency of oscillation between 0–4 hertz.

usually associated with the deepest stages of sleep (3 NREM), also known as slow-wave sleep (SWS), and aid in characterizing the depth of sleep

Delta waves can arise either in the thalamus or in the cortex. When associated with the thalamus

Delta activity stimulates the release of several hormones, including growth hormone releasing hormone GHRH and prolactin (PRL). GHRH is released from the hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates release of growth hormone from the pituitary.

Theta rhythm

Cortical theta rhythms" are low-frequency components of scalp EEG, usually recorded

from humansin the 4–7 Hz range, regardless of their

source. Cortical theta is observed frequently in young children. In older children and

adults, it tends to appear during meditative, drowsy, or sleeping states, but not during

the deepest stages of sleep

mu wave

repeat at a frequency of 8–13 Hz and are most prominent when the body is physically at rest

Mu waves are thought to be indicative of an infant’s developing ability to imitate. This is

important because the ability to imitate plays a vital role in the development of motor skills,

tool use, and understanding causal information through social interaction

The right fusiform gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right

anterior parietal cortex, and left inferior frontal gyrus are of

particular interest

Beta wave

Beta wave, or beta rhythm, is the term used to designate the frequency range of human brain activity between 12 and 30 Hz (12 to 30 transitions or

cycles per second). Beta waves are split into three sections: Low Beta Waves (12.5-16 Hz, "Beta 1 power"); Beta Waves (16.5–20 Hz, "Beta 2

power"); and High Beta Waves (20.5-28 Hz, "Beta 3 power").[1] Beta states are the states associated with normal waking consciousness

Low amplitude beta waves with multiple and varying frequencies are often associated with active, busy, or anxious thinking and

active concentration.[2]

Over the motor cortex beta waves are associated with the muscle contractions that happen in isotonic movements and are suppressed prior to and during movement changes.[3] Bursts of

beta activity are associated with a strengthening of sensory feedback in static motor control and reduced when there is

movement change.[4] Beta activity is increased when movement has to be resisted or voluntarily suppressed.[5] The artificial

induction of increased beta waves over the motor cortex by a form of electrical stimulation called Transcranial alternating-

current stimulation consistent with its link to isotonic contraction produces a slowing of motor movements

Gamma wave

A gamma wave is a pattern of neural oscillation in humans with a frequency

between 25 and 100 Hz,[1] though 40 Hz is typical.[2]

According to a popular theory, gamma waves may be implicated in creating the unity of

conscious perception (the binding problem

Frequency of gamma oscillations routes flow of information in the hippocampus

think of your brain like a radio: You’re turning the knob to find your favourite station, but the knob jams, and you’re stuck

listening to something that’s in between stations. It’s a frustrating combination that makes it quite hard to get an update

on swine flu while a Michael Jackson song wavers in and out. Staying on the right frequency is the only way to really hear what

you’re after. In much the same way, the brain’s nerve cells are able to “tune in” to the right station to get exactly the

information they need, says researcher Laura Colgin, who was the paper’s first author. “Just like radio stations play songs and

news on different frequencies, the brain uses different frequencies of waves to send different kinds of information,” she

says.

Colgin and her colleagues measured brain waves in rats, in three different parts of the hippocampus, which is a key memory center in the brain. While listening in on the rat brain wave

transmissions, the researchers started to realize that there might be something more to a specific sub-set of brain waves, called

gamma waves. Researchers have thought these waves are linked to the formation of consciousness, but no one really knew why

their frequency differed so much from one region to another and from one moment to the next.

information is carried on top of gamma waves, just like songs are carried by radio waves. These “carrier waves” transmit

information from one brain region to another. “We found that there are slow gamma waves and fast gamma waves coming from different brain areas, just like radio stations transmit on

different frequencies,” she says.You really can “be on the same wavelength”

We investigated how gamma waves in particular were involved in communication across cell groups in the hippocampus. What we found could be described as a radio-like system inside the

brain. The lower frequencies are used to transmit memories of past experiences, and the higher frequencies are used to convey

what is happening where you are right now.”

If you think of the example of the jammed radio, the way to hear what you want out of the messy signals would be to listen really hard for the latest news while trying to filter out the unwanted

music. The hippocampus does this more efficiently. It simply tunes in to the right frequency to get the station it wants. As the cells tune into the station they’re after, they are actually able to filter out the other station at the same time, because its signal is

being transmitted on a different frequency.

References:

www.meditationiseasy.com/inhttp://stant_meditation/brain_waves_frequ

encies.php