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Notes: Accessory Organs (pg 10)
Output (pg 11)
• Paste the diagram on the top of pg 11• Label the stomach, duodenum, and jejunum
Liver
• Largest gland (1.5 kg). Located just below diaphragm. Larger on right side
Liver
• Largest gland (1.5 kg). Located just below diaphragm. Larger on right side
• 2 major lobes (right and left) and 2 smaller lobes (caudate and quadrate)
Liver
• Largest gland (1.5 kg). Located just below diaphragm. Larger on right side
• 2 major lobes (right and left) and 2 smaller lobes (caudate and quadrate)
• Functions: produces bile, stores glucose as glycogen and releases it when blood sugar is too low, detoxifies poisons, excretes waste products in bile, filters the blood (contains phagocytic Kupffer cells)
Liver Disease
• Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver. Caused by virus. Spread by contaminated food, sexual contact, shared needles
Liver Disease
• Hepatitis: Inflammation of the liver. Caused by virus. Spread by contaminated food, sexual contact, shared needles
• Cirrhosis: Chronic inflammation causing the liver to become hard and fibrous. Caused by alcoholism and hepatitis
Gallbladder
• Pear-shaped sac attached to the underside of the liver
Gallbladder
• Pear-shaped sac attached to the underside of the liver
• Stores and concentrates bile
Gallbladder
• Pear-shaped sac attached to the underside of the liver
• Stores and concentrates bile• Delivers bile to the duodenum via the
common bile duct
Gallbladder
• Pear-shaped sac attached to the underside of the liver
• Stores and concentrates bile• Delivers bile to the duodenum via the
common bile duct• Gallstones: If bile becomes too concentrated it
can crystalize. Gallstones are very sharp, causing severe pain. Can block bile duct leading to jaundice
Output (pg 11)
• On diagram: Label liver and gallbladder
Bile
• Yellowish-green fluid. Produce about 1 liter per day
Bile
• Yellowish-green fluid. Produce about 1 liter per day
• Slightly alkaline (pH = 8) so it helps neutralize acidic chyme
Bile
• Yellowish-green fluid. Produce about 1 liter per day
• Slightly alkaline (pH = 8) so it helps neutralize acidic chyme
• Contains water, bile salts (emulsifying agents that break large fat globules into tiny droplets), and bile pigments (waste products. Primarily bilirubin from the breakdown of red blood cells)
Output (pg 11)
• Draw diagram of emulsification
Pancreas (pg 10)
Endocrine and exocrine portions
Pancreas (pg 10)
Endocrine and exocrine portions• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin
and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar
Pancreas (pg 10)
Endocrine and exocrine portions• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin
and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar• Exocrine: Makes bicarbonate (neutralizes
acidic chyme) and digestive enzymes and empties them into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct
Pancreas (pg 10)Endocrine and exocrine portions• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin
and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar• Exocrine: Makes bicarbonate (neutralizes
acidic chyme) and digestive enzymes and empties them into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct– Pancreatic amylase: Breaks starch into
disaccharides
Pancreas (pg 10)Endocrine and exocrine portions• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin
and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar• Exocrine: Makes bicarbonate (neutralizes acidic
chyme) and digestive enzymes and empties them into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct– Pancreatic amylase: Breaks starch into disaccharides– Trypsin: Breaks proteins into peptides
Pancreas (pg 10)Endocrine and exocrine portions• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin
and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar• Exocrine: Makes bicarbonate (neutralizes acidic
chyme) and digestive enzymes and empties them into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct– Pancreatic amylase: Breaks starch into disaccharides– Trypsin: Breaks proteins into peptides– Peptidase: Breaks peptides into amino acids
Pancreas (pg 10)Endocrine and exocrine portions• Endocrine: Islets of Langerhans secrete insulin
and glucagon, which regulate blood sugar• Exocrine: Makes bicarbonate (neutralizes acidic
chyme) and digestive enzymes and empties them into the duodenum via the pancreatic duct– Pancreatic amylase: Breaks starch into disaccharides– Trypsin: Breaks proteins into peptides– Peptidase: Breaks peptides into amino acids– Pancreatic lipase: Breaks fats (triglycerides) into
monoglycerides
Output (pg 11)
• On diagram: Label pancreas
• Write a song about the accessory organs. At least 12 lines long. To the tune of a well-known song