P. J. Oates 1

PETER J. OATES, Ph.D.

Oates Biomedical Consulting, LLC

16 Ferry View Drive Gales Ferry, Connecticut 06335 USA

1-860-625-4832 oatespj@comcast.net

PROFESSIONAL HISTORY

CEO and Chief Scientific Officer, Oates Biomedical Consulting, LLC, 2009- present

– Diabetes & its complications, esp. nephropathy, neuropathy, ocular and vascular complications

– Drug development in areas such as diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular and neurological disease

– Seminars and consultations nationally and internationally to Pharmas and academic groups

Director, Diabetes and Diabetic Complications, Stealth Peptides Inc., Newton Centre, MA, 2012- present

– Assisting worldwide development of first-in-class mitochondrial protectant Bendavia

TM for

ocular, vascular and renal diseases

Pizer Inc., 1979-2008

Pfizer Global Research and Development Department of Cardiovascular, Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases Groton, Connecticut 06340 USA

Research Fellow, 2004-2008, Diabetes Translational Pharmacology – Researched drugs for the treatment of diabetes

– Researched drugs for preventing and arresting the complications of diabetes

Research Advisor, 1998-2003, Diabetic Complications – Researched drugs, e.g., aldose reductase inhibitors (ARIs), for the complications of diabetes

Principal Research Investigator, 1992-97, Diabetic Complications – Supported clinical studies (nerve, kidney, heart) with phase II/III ARI zopolrestat

P. J. Oates 2

– Helped identify a sorbitol dehydrogenase inhibitor for probing the role of the polyol pathway

– Fruitful collaborations with leading U.S. & overseas academic laboratories in this field

Senior Research Investigator, 1986-91, Diabetic Complications – Proposed and established a rat model of diabetic renal hyperperfusion

– Developed innovative laser Doppler methodology to measure renal hyperperfusion

– Showed ARIs reversed renal hyperperfusion, activity later shown in human diabetics

Project Leader, 1982-85, Gastrointestinal Research Group

– Responsibility for Pfizer's GI research group (4 Ph.D.s, 10 staff members)

– Proposed new model of gastric mucosal barrier, the “Homeostat model”

– Published first model for pathogenesis of ethanol-induced gastric lesions

– Proposed and identified the first “cytoprotective” H2-antagonist

Senior Research Scientist, 1981, Gastrointestinal Research Group

– Supervised the Gastrointestinal Disease Research Group (five staff members)

– Identified zaltidine, an orally potent histamine H2-antagonist

– Aided commercial development of zaltidine, a potent histamine H2-antagonist

Research Scientist, 1979-81, Gastrointestinal Research Group

– Studied GI effects of prostaglandins, obtained new insights into “cytoprotection”

EDUCATION

Postdoctoral Research Fellow, 1975-79, Vanderbilt University

– Department of Molecular Biology, Nashville, Tennessee with Dr. Oscar Touster

– Dr. Chaim Weizmann Postdoctoral Fellowship, 1976-77, 1977-78, 1978-79;

awarded by California Institute of Technology on a nationally competitive basis

– Discovered ATP/GTP and cAMP/cGMP regulated lysosome fusion in vitro

P. J. Oates 3

Ph.D. in Molecular Biology, 1969-75, Vanderbilt University Department of Molecular Biology, Nashville, Tennessee with Dr. Oscar Touster

– Minors, Biochemistry and Physiology. G.P.A., 3.0/3.0

– NIH Predoctoral Fellowship, 1969-75

– Developed the first experimental system in which lysosomes fused in vitro

– Invented novel light and electron micrographic assays to measure lysosome fusion

B.S. in Chemistry and Philosophy cum laude, 1965-69, Boston College

Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts. American Chemical Society certified

INVITED ORAL PRESENTATIONS Neurology Grand Round, Department of Neurosciences, Winthrop University Hospital, “Chronic Complications of Diabetes and the Polyol Pathway: Lessons Learned and a New Paradigm.” Mineola, New York, June 28, 2013 Stealth Peptides Inc., “Potential for a Mitochondrial Protectant in Diabetic Kidney Disease,” Boston, Massachusetts, May 16, 2013 Stealth Peptides Inc., “Diabetic Retinopathy: Sources of Oxidative Stress,” Boston, Massachusetts, April 8, 2013 Connecticut College, Medicinal Chemistry 300 Course lectures, “Pharmacological Approaches to Diabetes Management” and “Pharmacological Approaches to Reducing the Long Term Complications of Diabetes.” New London, Connecticut, November 7, 2012 Instituto Oftalmológico Fernández-Vega, “The Polyol Pathway and Diabetic Eye Disease: Progress from Test Tube to Clinic.” Oviedo, Spain, October 8, 2012 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., “Diabetic Kidney Disease: Mechanisms, Models and Biomarkers.” Ridgefield, Connecticut, August 25, 2011 Bach Pharma Inc., Scientific Advisory Board Meeting, “Chronic Complications of Diabetes: The Pathogenic Role of the Polyol Pathway and Oxidative Stress.” Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts, April 9, 2011 Connecticut College, Medicinal Chemistry 300 Course, “Diabetes, Insulin and Diabetic Complications.” New London, Connecticut, November 17, 2010 St-Boniface Hospital, Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, and University of Manitoba, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, “Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus and the Polyol Pathway: Pharmacology 301.” Winnipeg, Canada, June 11, 2010

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University of California San Diego, Department of Pathology, “Diabetic Kidney Disease and the Polyol

Pathway: Lessons Learned and a New Paradigm.” La Jolla, California, November 2, 2009

Pfizer Global Research and Development, Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, “Diabetic Nephropathy: Overview, Mechanisms and Models.” Groton, Connecticut, August 27, 2009 Connecticut College, Medicinal Chemistry 300 Course, “Diabetes and Its Long Term Complications.” New London, Connecticut, November 19, 2008 Cambridge Healthtech Institute's Sixth Annual Symposium, Discovery On Target, Targeting Diabetes with Novel Therapeutics, Session chair and “Diabetic Complications and the Polyol Pathway: Lessons Learned and A New Paradigm,” Boston, Massachusetts, October 23, 2008 International Conference, N.I.D.D.K.D.-J.D.R.F. Consensus Conference on Indices of Diabetic Neuropathy in Preclinical Models, opening lecture, “What Drug Development Needs from Preclinical Models,” Orvieto, Italy, September 3, 2008 International Conference, Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, “Chronic Treatment with Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Suppressed Sorbitol, But Not Fructose, in Sural Nerves of Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy.” Kona, Hawaii, March 28, 2007 International Conference, Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, “An Aldose Reductase Inhibitor of A New Structural Class Prevents or Reverses Early Retinal Abnormalities in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.” Kona, Hawaii, March 27, 2007 Pennington Biomedical Research Symposium, Louisiana State University System, Diabetic Complications, “Diabetic Complications and the Polyol Pathway: A New Paradigm.” Baton Rouge, Louisiana, January 29, 2007 Connecticut College, Medicinal Chemistry 300 Course, “Biochemical Aspects of Diabetes and Its Complications.” New London, Connecticut, September 27, 2006 Pfizer Creve Coeur Labs, Pfizer Global Research and Development, “Diabetic Nephropathy, Hypertension and the Polyol Pathway.” St. Louis, Missouri, May 25, 2006

Pfizer Chesterfield Labs, Pfizer Global Research and Development, “A Few Lessons in Enzyme Kinetics from the Polyol Pathway.” St. Louis, Missouri, April 4, 2006

Research Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research and Development, “Concept to Phase 2A: ARI CP-744809 for Diabetic Nephropathy.” Boston, Massachusetts, February 22, 2006 Pfizer La Jolla Labs, Pfizer Global Research and Development, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and the Chronic Complications of Diabetes Mellitus: New Paradigms.” La Jolla, California, April 22, 2005 The Conway Institute, University College Dublin, “Diabetic Complications and the Polyol Pathway: A New Paradigm for an Old Pathway.” Dublin, Ireland, November 15, 2004 Cardiology Grand Rounds, Department of Medicine, Louisville School of Medicine, “The Polyol Pathway and Cardiovascular Stress.” Louisville, Kentucky, May 26, 2004

P. J. Oates 5

International Polyol Pathway Conference, “Future Directions in Diabetic Complications Research.” Kona, Hawaii, March 17, 2004 The Schepens Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, “Diabetic Complications and the Polyol Pathway: New Paradigms.” Boston, Massachusetts, February 17, 2004 National Institutes of Health Symposium, Diabetic Complications: Progress Through Animal Models, “Aldose Reductase Inhibition: New Paradigms.” Bethesda, Maryland, October 20, 2003 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: New Insights on Mechanism of Action and Clinical Applications Outcomes.” Omaha, Nebraska, April 30, 2003 Endocrine Grand Rounds, Brown Medical School, Rhode Island Hospital, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: New Insights on Mechanism of Action and Clinical Applications Outcomes.” Providence, Rhode Island, March 19, 2003 The Schepens Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, “The Polyol Pathway and the Long Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus.” Boston, Massachusetts, March 18, 2003 Discovery Technology Center, Pfizer Global Research and Development, “Orally Active, Low Nano-molar Inhibitors of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase and of Aldose Reductase: From Concept to CANs.” Cambridge, Massachusetts, February 12, 2003 American Diabetes Association Symposium Neuropathy as a Vascular Complication, “Diabetic Neuropathy: Evidence for Metabolic Causation.” San Francisco, California, June 14, 2002. First International Symposium on Diabetic Complications: Diabetic Neuropathy, “Diabetic Neuropathy and the Polyol Pathway.” Hong Kong, People's Republic of China, May 11, 2002 International Diabetes Federation Congress, WPR, “Pathways of Hyperglycemic Damage and Their Interactions: New Insights.” Beijing, People's Republic of China, May 6, 2002 Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Plymouth Medical School, “The Polyol Pathway and the Long Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus.” Plymouth, United Kingdom, September 14, 2001 Center for Diabetic Complications, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, “The Polyol Pathway and the Long Term Complications of Diabetes Mellitus.” New York, New York, March 9, 2001 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Seminar Series, University of Connecticut, “New Evidence from Human Molecular Genetics Linking Polyol Pathway Metabolism to the Long Term Complications of Diabetes,” Storrs, Connecticut, September 28, 2000 XXXII International Congress, Hard to Treat Chronic Diseases, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors, Diabetic Neuropathy, and Diabetic Nephropathy,” Baltimore, Maryland, September 24, 1999 Fourth Toronto-Stockholm Symposium on Perspectives in Diabetes Research, New Aspects of Pathogenesis and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors,” Stockholm, Sweden, July 6, 1999

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IBC Conference, Fibrosis, “Fibrosis in the Diabetic Kidney and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors,” Boston, Massachusetts, September 18, 1998 Pfizer Neuropathy Forum, “Diabetic Neuropathy and Polyol Pathway Inhibitors,” London, United Kingdom, September 3, 1998

Pfizer Inc., “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Diabetic Neuropathy and Nephropathy,” Sandwich, Kent, United Kingdom, March 10, 1998

International Diabetes Federation Congress and EASD Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group, 4th International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy, “The Polyol Pathway -- A Culprit in Diabetic Neuropathy?” Amsterdam, The Netherlands, July 15, 1997 IBC Conference, Molecular Targets for the Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors, Renal Hemodynamics and Diabetic Nephropathy.” Boston, Massachusetts, March 11, 1997 American Diabetes Association, Hartford Affiliate Regional Meeting, “Diabetes: Therapeutic Progress and Current Research.” Rocky Hill, Connecticut, October 8, 1996 Zopolrestat European Advisory Board, “Preclinical Zopolrestat Nephropathy Data.” Baden Bei Wien, Austria, August 30, 1996 Pathology Institute and Department of Internal Medicine, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and the Long Term Microvascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus.” Kommunehospitalet, Århus, Denmark, August 28, 1996 Zopolrestat US Advisory Board, “Electrophysiology and Clinical Endpoints.” Boston, Massachusetts, July 15, 1996 William Harvey Research Conference, Diabetic Complications as Drug Targets, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors.” London, United Kingdom, May 31, 1996 Harvard Medical School, Deaconess Hospital, “The Polyol Pathway and the Microvascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus.” Boston, Massachusetts, April 10, 1996 Zopolrestat International Advisory Board, “Zopolrestat: New Preclinical Development Research and Potential Future Clinical Research.” Saltsjöbaden, Sweden, September 9, 1995 National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute, “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase and Diabetic Complications.” Bethesda, Maryland, May 3, 1995 Connecticut College Medicinal Chemistry 300, “Diabetes and Diabetic Complications -- Therapeutic Approaches.” Groton, Connecticut, October 27, 1994 Connecticut College, Department of Chemistry 1994-95 Seminar Series, “Diabetes: Therapeutic Progress and Unsolved Mysteries.” New London, Connecticut, October 4, 1994 United States-Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop, “What is the Relationship between Aldose Reductase, Sorbitol Dehydrogenase and Diabetic Complications?” Introductory Remarks as Session Chair, Kona, Hawaii, February 21, 1994

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Zopolrestat Investigators' Meeting, Diabetic Nephropathy (Protocol 078-106): “Zopolrestat: Pre-Clinical Animal Pharmacology.” West Palm Beach, Florida, February 28, 1994 Harvard Medical School and the Joslin Diabetes Center Symposium, Vascular Complications of Diabetes Mellitus, “Vascular Effects of Aldose Reductase Inhibitors.” Cambridge, Massachusetts, October 8, 1993 The 1993 East Coast Cardiovascular Discussion Group Symposium, New Therapeutic Approaches to NIDDM-Related Cardiovascular Disease, “Diabetic Nephropathy, Renal Hemodynamics and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors.” Fairfield, New Jersey, October 4, 1993 American Diabetes Association, Connecticut Affiliate Regional Meeting, “Strategies to Prevent Diabetic Kidney, Nerve and Eye Disease: Current Research.” East Lyme, Connecticut, May 12, 1993 Vanderbilt University, Departments of Hematology and Molecular Biology, “Biomedical Research Opportunities in the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Personal Perspective.” Nashville, Tennessee, April 2, 1993. Vanderbilt University, Department of Molecular Biology, “Diabetic Kidney Disease, Renal Hemodynamics and the Polyol Pathway.” Nashville, Tennessee, April 1, 1993 Experimental Biology '93 Symposium, Laser Doppler Flowmetry in Biomedical Research, “Renal Blood Flow in Hyperglycemic Rats.” New Orleans, Louisiana, March 31, 1993 UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Department of Physiology, “Diabetic Kidney Disease, Renal Hemodynamics and the Polyol Pathway.” Newark, New Jersey, January 22, 1993 Bowman Gray School of Medicine, Wake Forest University, Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, “Diabetic Kidney Disease, Renal Hemodynamics and the Polyol Pathway.” Winston-Salem, North Carolina, October 19, 1992 (Invited Oral Presentations prior to 1992 omitted to save space.)

OTHER ORAL PRESENTATIONS (1994-present)

International Conference, United Mitochondrial Disease Federation, Mitochondrial Medicine 2013, “Bendavia, A Novel Peptide that Improves Mitochondrial Function and Reverses Diabetes Visual Decline,” N M Alam, G T Prusky (presented by P J Oates), Newport Beach, California, June 12-15, 2013 Annual Meeting of the American Society of Nephrology, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Reduces Elevated Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects with Incipient Diabetic Nephropathy,” P Oates, S Klioze, P Schwartz, A Boland

and The Zopolrestat Diabetic

Nephropathy Study Group, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, November 8, 2008

Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes and of the EASD Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group, “Chronic Treatment with Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Suppressed Sorbitol, But Not Fructose, in Sural Nerves of Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy.” P Oates, S Klioze, and the Zopolrestat Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group. Utrecht and Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September 16 and 19, 2007

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International Conference, Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, “A Computer Model of Glucose Metabolism.” Kona, Hawaii, March 27, 2007 7th International Symposium on Diabetic Neuropathy and 19th World Diabetes Congress, International Diabetes Federation, “Stronger Aldose Reductase Inhibition Is Required to Normalize Oxidative Stress Marker GSSG / GSH than Sorbitol or Fructose in Diabetic Rat Nerve.” P J Oates, D A Beebe, C A Ellery and J B Coutcher, Cape Town, South Africa, November 30 and December 4, 2006 American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, “Inhibition of Aldose Reductase Improves the Ratio of Oxidized Glutathione to Reduced Glutathione in the Blood of Diabetic Rats.” P Oates, D Beebe, C Ellery, Washington, D.C., June 9-13, 2006

Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes and of the EASD Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Prevent Hyperglycemia-Induced Alterations in Cellular Glutathione and Redox Status at Drug Concentrations that are Similar and Higher than Required to Normalize Cell Sorbitol.” P Oates, D Beebe, C Ellery, J Coutcher. Porto Heli, Greece, September 9, 2005

American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, “Reduction of Elevated Urinary Albumin Excretion in Diabetic Rats by Polyol Pathway Inhibitors Correlates with Changes in Urinary Sorbitol Excretion.” P Oates, C Ellery, D Beebe, J Coutcher, Y-Z Qian, V Lowe and S O'Neill, San Diego, California, June 11-12, 2005 Joint Meeting of the Diabetic Foot Study Group of the EASD and the Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group of the EASD, “An Aldose Reductase Inhibitor of a New Structural Class, Pyridazinone: In Vitro and Oral

Activity Profile of CP-744809 in Diabetic Rat Sciatic Nerve.” P J Oates, J B Coutcher, D A Beebe, C

A Ellery and B L Mylari. Regensburg, Germany, September 3, 2004

Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibition As Well As Aldose Reductase Inhibition Prevents Elevation Of Urinary Albumin Excretion In Diabetic Rats.” P Oates, C Ellery, D Beebe, J Coutcher, Y-Z Qian, D Phillips, V Lowe, T Appleton, D Raunig, S O'Neil, B Mylari. Munich, Germany, September 7, 2004 International Polyol Pathway Conference, “In Vitro and Oral Activity of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor CP-642931 in Streptozocin Diabetic Rats.” P Oates, J Coutcher, C Ellery, Y-Z Qian, D Phillips, V Lowe, T Appleton, D Beebe, D Raunig, S O’Neil and B Mylari. Kona, Hawaii, March 14, 2004

International Polyol Pathway Conference, “Determination of The Equilibrium Dissociation Constant

of Aldose Reductase Inhibitor CP-744809 for Human Aldose Reductase.” P Oates, D Beebe, and B

Mylari. Kona, Hawaii, March 16, 2004 Annual Department of Molecular and Cell Biology Retreat, University of Connecticut (Storrs),

“Determination of the Equilibrium Dissociation Constant of Aldose Reductase Inhibitor

CP-744809 for Human Aldose Reductase.” D Beebe, B Mylari and P Oates. Hebron, Connecticut,

September 6, 2003 Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes and the Neurodiab Meeting, “Models of Normal and Neuropathic Diabetic Human Sural Nerves and Their Sorbitol Contents.” P J Oates, D A Beebe, J B Coutcher, C A Ellery and the Zopolrestat Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group. Paris and St. Malo, France, August 29 and 30, 2003

P. J. Oates 9

Neurodiab Meeting and 38th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, “Quantitation of Polyol Pathway Enzymes in Normal and Diabetic Rat Sciatic Nerve.” P J Oates, C A Ellery, D A Beebe and J B Coutcher. Aberdeen, Balontonfüred, Hungary, September 30, and Budapest, Hungary, September 4, 2002

American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, “Oxidative Stress Marker Urinary 8-

Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is Chronically Elevated in Diabetic Rats.” P J Oates, C A Ellery, D A

Beebe and J B Coutcher. San Francisco, California, June 15, 2002 Neurodiab Meeting and 37th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, “A Metabolic Model of Rat Sciatic Nerve Sorbitol.” P J Oates, C A Ellery, D A Beebe and J B Coutcher. Aberdeen, U.K., September 8, and Glasgow, U.K., September 14, 2001 American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, “A Metabolic Model of Sorbitol in Normal and Diabetic Peripheral Nerve,” P J Oates, C A Ellery, D A Beebe and J B Coutcher. Philadelphia, June 23, 2001 The 36

th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, “VEGF

Immunoreactivity Is Reduced in Serum and Plasma of Zopolrestat-treated Diabetic Rats,” P J Oates and C A Ellery. Jerusalem, Israel, September 18, 2000 US-Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop, “Aldose Reductase Inhibition with Zopolrestat Reduces Ischemic Myocardial Injury in the Rabbit Heart,” W. Ross Tracey, William P. Magee, Craig A. Ellery, Joseph T. MacAndrew, Andrew H. Smith, Delvin R. Knight and Peter J. Oates. Kona, Hawaii, January 24, 2000 US-Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop, “Determination of Equilibrium Dissociation Constant for Tight-Binding Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat,” Peter J Oates, David Beebe, Banavara Mylari and Charles Grimshaw. Kona, Hawaii, January 25, 2000 European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Meeting, “Reversal of Galactose-induced Renal Hyperperfusion in Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat,” C A Ellery and P J Oates. Brussels, Belgium, August 31, 1999 The Fourth Toronto-Stockholm Symposium on New Perspectives in Diabetes Research, “Dose-dependent Preservation of Nerve Function in Diabetic Rats with Inhibition of Either Step of the Polyol Pathway,” P Oates, T Schelhorn, M Miller, E Hammerlund, C Ellery, D Beebe and J Hakkinen. Stockholm, Sweden, July 5, 1999 American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, “Inhibitors of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase (SDI) and Aldose Reductase (ARI) Reverse Impaired Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) in Diabetic Rats,” Y Ido, K Chang, P Oates, B Mylari and J Williamson. San Diego, California, June 19, 1999 American Diabetes Association Annual Meeting, “Reversal of Hyperglycemia-induced PKC Activation, Intracellular AGE Formation, and Sorbitol Accumulation by Inhibition of Electron Transport Complex II,” M A Brownlee, T Nishikawa, D Edelstein, I Giardino, D Beebe and P J Oates. San Diego, California, June 20, 1999 Neurodiab Meeting and 34th EASD Meeting, “Polyol Pathway Inhibitors Dose-Dependently Preserve Nerve Function In Diabetic Rats,” P Oates, T Schelhorn, M Miller, E Hammerlund, C Ellery, D Beebe

P. J. Oates 10

and J Hakkinen. Sitges, Spain, September 5-7, 1998, and Barcelona, Spain, September 8-12, 1998 International Diabetes Federation Meeting, “Alond™ Reduces High Urinary Albumin Excretion But Not Blood Pressure in Conscious Diabetic Rats.” P Oates and C Ellery. Helsinki, Finland, July 20-25, 1997 Annual Department of Molecular and Cell Biology Retreat, University of Connecticut (Storrs), “The Kinetic Mechanism of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” D Beebe and P Oates. Hebron, Connecticut, October 14, 1996 European Association for the Study of Diabetes Annual Meeting, “Glycolytic Pathway, Redox State of NAD-Couples, and Energy Metabolism in Lenses in Rats with Short-Term Diabetes.” P J Oates, T Nakano, J M Petrash, J R Williamson and I Obrosova. Vienna, Austria, September 2-6, 1996 Association for Research in Vision & Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, “The Effect Of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibition On Sugar Cataract Formation In Cultured Rat Lens.” P J Oates, J B Coutcher, and B L Mylari. Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, April 22, 1996 European Association for the Study of Diabetes 31st Annual Meeting, “Peripheral Neuropathy In Diabetic Rats Is Prevented By Inhibition Of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Or Aldose Reductase.” P Oates, Y Ido, B Mylari, J Williamson. Stockholm, Sweden, September 16, 1995 Association for Research in Vision & Ophthalmology Annual Meeting, “Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Prevents Increased Retinal Vascular Albumin Permeation in Diabetic But Not in Galactosemic Rats.” P Oates, B Mylari, K Chang, and J Williamson. Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, May 19, 1995 International Diabetes Federation Congress, “Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction Is Prevented by Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” P Oates, B Mylari, K Chang, D Beebe, J Coutcher, T Siegel, W Zembrowski and J Williamson. Kobe, Japan, November 6, 1994 United States-Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop, “Reversal of Albuminuria in Diabetic Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat.” P J Oates and C A Ellery. Kona, Hawaii, February 19, 1994 (Presentations prior to 1994 omitted.)

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Key Opinion Leader Panel, “The State of Diabetic

Complications in Type 1 Diabetes,” New York, NY, September 10-11, 2012

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Complications Therapies Strategic Research

Agreements FY2011 Committee, July 2010

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Complications Therapies Cooperative Agreement

LOIs FY2010 Committee, May 2010

National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases and the Juvenile Diabetes

Research Foundation Consensus Group on Indices of Diabetic Neuropathy in Preclinical

Models, Biomarker Subcommittee Member, June 2008

P. J. Oates 11

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation, Co-Chair Grant Review Committee for Translational Research in Diabetic Complications, New York, NY, 2007-09

– Scientific Chair, Translational Research Committee helping oversee ~ $10 million in JDRF funds

Pfizer CVMED Pancreatic Islet Core Team, Core Team Member, 2007-08

– Helping to critically analyze and standardize best procedures for islet preparation and use

Pfizer Global Diabetes Translational Research Team, Core Team Member, 2006-07

– Helping to analyze, identify and recommend strategy for key preclinical and clinical biomarkers

Organizing Committee, International Conference, “Diabetic Complications: Aldose Reductase

and Other Pathways,” Kona , HI, March 24-28, 2007

– Co-Chair of Meeting and Scientific Program Chair

Pfizer Diabetes Research Candidate Management Team, Ad Hoc Member, 2006

– Helping to design preclinical and clinical studies to develop Pfizer drug candidates in humans

Groton Biology Scientific Advisory Board, Core Team Member, 2005-07

– Advising Pfizer Biology Council on scientific issues and policies

Diabetes Exploratory Project Review Committee, Member, Dec. 2005-07

– Helping to uncover and evaluate new drug targets for pursuit by new Pfizer research programs

Organizing Committee, “International Polyol Pathway Conference,” March 13-17, 2004

– Co-Chair of Meeting and Scientific Program Chair

Pfizer Diabetic Complications Early Candidate Management Team (ECMT), 2004

– Helping to design studies to test and develop Pfizer drug candidates in humans

Pfizer Global Enzymology Network, Global Co-ordinator, 2008

– Core Organizing Team, Co-cordinator, PGRD Groton site, 2004-2008

– Helping to solve problems, identify best practices and develop course material for global rollout

Steering Committee, Pfizer Enzymology Course

– Helped to design an enzymology course for Pfizer scientists at all global sites; 2004-2008

Member, External Advisory Board, RAGE Biology Program Project, Naomi Berrie

Diabetes Center at Columbia-Presbyterian Hospital, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 2002-2004

– Helping to assess and plan NIH-funded RAGE research for diabetic complications

P. J. Oates 12

Organizing Committee, US-Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop, Jan., 2000

– Co-Chair of Meeting and Scientific Program Chair

Diabetic Complications Clinical Team (DCT), 1999-2003

– Helping to assess and plan Phase I-III strategies for testing and global registration of Pfizer drugs

HONORS & AWARDS

Recipient of an “Individual Performance Award,” “for going above and beyond expected performance” and having “demonstrated exceptional performance and leader behaviors on a daily basis.” PGRD, Diabetes Translational Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, October 30, 2008

Recipient of “Patriot Award,” Connecticut Committee for Employer Support of the Guard and

Reserve, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, July 23, 2008

– Recognized for support of a lab member called to active duty and of Guard and Reserve values – “Bosslift” via CH-47 helicopter, Stones Ranch/Camp Rell, Niantic, Connecticut, July 21, 2008

Recipient of “Patriotic Employer Award,” The National Committee for Employer Support of

the Guard and Reserve, Quonset Officer's Club, Quonset, Rhode Island, June 27, 2008

– Recognized for support of Guard and Reserve values and of a lab member called to active duty

Elected “Honorary Member” European Study Group for Diabetic Neuropathy, Utrecht, The Netherlands, September 15, 2007

– “recognizes your major contributions to the scientific rigor of our organization”

– “unprecedented” for someone with a professional association with a pharmaceutical company

Interviewed in Pfizer research laboratory by CNN News Team, March 18, 2005

– Discussed Pfizer Diabetes Research program as part of CNN Profile of Pfizer; broadcast

Scientific Session Co-Chair, “Experimental Neuropathy,” American Diabetes Association

– Annual National Scientific Meeting, Orlando, Florida, June 6, 2004

Interviewed in-depth for Fast Company magazine article, June 2004 issue

– Described the nature of our diabetes research and the key importance of unshakeable persistence

Inductee, Xavier High School Hall of Fame, November 21, 2003

– Recognized for contributions to Church, regional communities and diabetes research

Member-of-the-Year, Pfizer Global R&D Diabetic Complications ECMT, 2003

P. J. Oates 13

– Provided leadership for planning and development of CAN compound for clinical use

Member-of-ECMT-Team-of-the-Year 2002, Pfizer Global R&D, Cardiovascular and

Metabolic Diseases, Diabetic Complications ECMT, 2002

– Played a pivotal role in our Early Candidate Management Team (ECMT) in creation of a feasible clinical plan forward to test potential clinical efficacy of two new classes of drugs to prevent or slow the development of diabetic complications, e.g., diabetic nephropathy, neuropathy, and retinopathy; plan endorsed by senior management

Member-of-ECMT-Team-of-the-Year 2002, Pfizer Global R&D, Cardiovascular and

Metabolic Diseases, Diabetic Complications ECMT, 2002

Member-of-the-Year, Pfizer Global R&D Diabetic Complications ECMT, 2001, 1993

– Provided leadership for planning and development of two compounds for potential clinical use

Adjunct Professor, University of Connecticut

– Graduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology, Storrs, CT, 1988 - 2008

– Associate Advisor for Christopher Kerantzas, candidate for Master of Science in Biochemistry, The University of Connecticut Graduate School, Storrs, CT, 2007 - 2008

Adjunct Professor, Connecticut College

– Department of Chemistry, New London, CT, 1992 - present

Scientific Advisor, National Organization to Treat A-T (Ataxia telangiectasia, a severe nervous and metabolic disorder, typically fatal in young adulthood)

– Austin, Texas, 1998 - 2005

PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES

American Diabetes Association; manuscript reviewer for Diabetes

European Association for the Study of Diabetes; manuscript reviewer for Diabetologia

American Society of Nephrology

Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology

European Association for Vision and Eye Research

American Physiological Society

American Chemical Society

International Society of Nephrology

International Diabetes Federation, past member

P. J. Oates 14

New York Academy of Sciences, past member

PERSONAL

US Citizen, born New York, New York

Married; wife, Nancy J. (41 years); children: Peter M., Kathryn S.

Outside Activities

– SCUBA diving, Rescue Diver certification, 1995; swimming, basketball, hiking, history, travel

– Steering Committee for Norwich Diocesan Synod, 1989-92

– Coordinator, parish Small Christian Communities, Our Lady of Lourdes Church, 1992-2002 – Confirmation Teacher, RCIA, Our Lady of Lourdes Church, 1985-90

– Parish Eucharistic Minister, Our Lady of Lourdes Church, 1985-2002 St. Mary Star of the Sea Church, 2009 - 2010

REFERENCES

Available upon request

PUBLICATIONS

Book Chapters Lorenzi, M and Oates PJ. “The Polyol Pathway and Diabetic Retinopathy.” In Contemporary Diabetes: Diabetic Retinopathy, E. Duh, M.D., editor, The Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, pp. 159-186, 2008 Ramasamy R and Oates PJ. “Aldose Reductase and Vascular Stress.” In Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease, D. Stern and S. Marso, eds., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA, pp. 55-74, 2004 PJ Oates, “Polyol Pathway and Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy.” In International Review of Neurobiology, 50, The Neurobiology of Diabetic Neuropathy. DR Tomlinson, ed., Academic Press, London, pp. 325-392, 2002 PJ Oates. “Gastric Blood Flow and Mucosal Defence.” In Gastric Cytoprotection: A Clinician's Guide. D Hollander and A Tarnowski, eds., Plenum Press, NY, pp. 125-165, 1989

Reviews

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PJ Oates, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors and Diabetic Kidney Disease.” Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs, 11:402-417, 2010 PJ Oates, “Aldose Reductase, Still a Compelling Target For Diabetic Neuropathy.” Current Drug Targets, 9: 14-36, 2008 PJ Oates and BL Mylari, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Therapeutic Implications for Diabetic Complications.” Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs, 8:2095-2119, 1999 PJ Oates, “The Polyol Pathway -- A Culprit in Diabetic Neuropathy?” Neuroscience Research Communications, 21: 33-40, 1997 PJ Oates. “Diabetic Nephropathy, Renal Hemodynamics and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors.” Drug Development Research, 32: 104-116, 1994 R Sarges and PJ Oates. “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors: Recent Developments.” Progress in Drug Research, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel, 40: 99-161, 1993 PJ Oates, D Papahadjopoulos, A Loyter. “Fusion and Implantation in Biological Membranes.” Trends in Pharmacological Sciences, 3: 222-229, 1982

U.S. Patents T A Beyer, D R Knight, Jr., B L Mylari, P J Oates, E R Pettipher, W R Tracey. “Method of Reducing Tissue Damage Associated With Non-Cardiac Ischemia.” U.S. patent no. 6,127,367 issued October 3, 2000 T A Beyer, D R Knight, Jr., B L Mylari, P J Oates, E R Pettipher, W R Tracey. “Method of Reducing Tissue Damage Associated With Ischemia; Administering Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor.” U.S. patent no. 5,932,581 issued August 3, 1999 B L Mylari, P J Oates, T W Siegel and W J Zembrowski. “Substituted Pyrimidines for the Control of Diabetic Complications.” Field-of-use U.S. patent no. 5,866,578, issued February 2, 1999 B L Mylari, P J Oates, T W Siegel and W J Zembrowski. “Substituted Pyrimidines for the Control of Diabetic Complications.” Field-of-use U.S. patent no. 5,728,704 issued March 17, 1998

Journal Articles

J A Pfefferkorn, A Guzman-Perez, P J Oates, J Litchfield, G Aspnes, A Basak, J Benbow, M A Berliner, J Bian, C Choi, K Freeman-Cook, J W Corbett, M Didiuk, J R Dunetz, K J Filipski, W M Hungerford, C S Jones, K Karki, A Ling, J-C Li, L Patel, C Perreault, H Risley, J Saenz, W Song, M Tu, R Aiello, K Atkinson, N Barucci, D Beebe, P Bourassa, F Bourbounais, A M Brodeur, R Burbey, J Chen, T D’Aquila, D R Derksen, N Haddish-Berhane, C Huang, J Landro, A L Lapworth, M MacDougall, D Perregaux, J Pettersen, A Robertson, B Tan, J L Treadway, S Liu, X Qiu, J Knafels, M Ammirati, X Song, P DaSilva-Jardine, S Liras, L Sweet and T P Rolph, “Designing Glucokinase Activators with Reduced Hypoglycemia Risk: Discovery of N,N-dimethyl-5-(2-methyl-6-((5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)-

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carbamoyl)benzofuran-4-yloxy)pyrimidine-2-carboxamide as a Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of

Type 2 Diabetes.” Medicinal Chemistry Communications, 2:828-839, 2011 doi: 10.1039/c1md00116g

H Liu, Y Luo, T Zhang, Y Zhang, Q Wu, L Yuan, S S M Chung, P J Oates and J Y Yang, “Genetic Deficiency of Aldose Reductase Counteracts the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy in C57BL/6 Mice.” Diabetologia, 54: 1242-51, 2011 doi 10.1007/s00125-011-2045-4 P Xie, L Sun, P J Oates, S K Srivastava and Y S Kanwar, “Pathobiology of Renal Specific Oxidoreductase/Myo-Inositol Oxygenase in Diabetic Nephropathy: Its Implications in Tubulo-Interstitial Fibrosis.” American Journal of Physiology Renal Physiology, 298: F1393–F1404, 2010 doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00137.2010 Z Landau, M J Novotny, G M Preston, K Wright, T Freeman, H Dai, J Thompson, P J Oates, and R A Calle, “Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Tolerability, and Safety of a Novel Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor in Healthy Participants.” Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 50: 521-530, 2010. doi: 10.1177/0091270009336354 Y Ido, J R Nyengaard, K Chang, R G Tilton, C Kilo, B L Mylari, P J Oates and J R Williamson, “Early Neuropathy and Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats Are Largely Sequelae of Increased Sorbitol Oxidation.” Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, 12:39-51, 2010

J A Pfefferkorn, J Lou, M L Minich, K J Filipski, M He, R Zhou, S Ahmed, J Benbow, A-G Perez, M Tu, J Litchfield, R Sharma, K Metzler, F Bourbonais, C Huang, D A Beebe, P J Oates, “Pyridones as Glucokinase Activators: Identification of a Unique Metabolic Liability of the 4-sulfonyl-2-pyridone Heterocycle.” Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 19:3247-52, 2009

Q Li, Y Hwang, I Gomes, R Ananthakrishnan, P J Oates, D Guberski and R Ramasamy, “Polyol Pathway and Modulation of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury In Type 2 Diabetic BBZ Rat Hearts,” Cardiovascular Diabetology, 7:33, 2008, doi:10.1186/1475-2840-7-33 B Yang, A Hodgkinson, P J Oates, B A Millward, and A G Demaine, “High Glucose Induction of DNA-

binding Activity of the Transcription Factor NFB in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy.” Biochim Biophys Acta, Molecular Basis of Disease, 1782:295-302, 2008 L Qiu, X Wu, J F L Chau, I YY Szeto, W Y Tam, Z Guo, S K Chung, P J Oates, S S M Chung, and J Y

Yang, “Aldose Reductase Regulates Hepatic Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α Phosphorylation and Activity to Impact Lipid Homeostasis.” Journal of Biological Chemistry, 283: 17175–17183, 2008 W Sun, P J Oates, J B Coutcher, C Gerhardinger and M Lorenzi, “A Selective Aldose Reductase Inhibitor of a New Structural Class Prevents or Reverses Early Retinal Abnormalities in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.” Diabetes, 55:2757-62, 2006 K Thamotharampillai, A K F Chan, B Bennetts, M Craig, J Cusumano, M Silink, P J Oates and K C Donaghue

, “Decline in Neurophysiological Function After 7 Years in an Adolescent Diabetic Cohort and

the Role of Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphisms.” Diabetes Care, 29:2053-7, 2006

E C M Ho, K S L Lam, Y S Chen, J C W Yip, M Arvindakshan, S Yamagishi, S Yagihashi, P J Oates, C A Ellery, S S M Chung and S K Chung, “Aldose Reductase Deficient Mice Are Protected from the

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Delayed Motor Nerve Conduction and Increased JNK Activation, Depletion of Reduced Glutathione and Increased Superoxide Accumulation and DNA Breaks.” Diabetes, 55: 1946-53, 2006 B Yang, A D Hodgkinson, P J Oates, H M Kwon, B A Millward and A G Demaine, “Elevated Activity of Transcription Factor Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) and Diabetic Nephropathy.” Diabetes, 55:1450-55, 2006 B L Mylari, S J Armento, D A Beebe, E L Conn, J B Coutcher, M S Dina, M T O'Gorman, M C Linhares, W H Martin, P J Oates, D A Tess, G J Withbroe and W J Zembrowski, “A Novel Series of Non-Carboxylic Acid, Non-Hydantoin Inhibitors of Aldose Reductase with Potent Oral Activity in Diabetic Rat Models: 6-(5-Chloro-3-methylbenzofuran-2-sulfonyl)-2h-pyridazin-3-one and Congeners.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 48:6326-39, 2005 R E Schmidt, D A Dorsey, L N Beaudet, C A Parvin, K E Yarasheski, S R Smith, J R Williamson, R G Peterson, and P J Oates, “A Potent Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Exacerbates Sympathetic Autonomic Neuropathy in Rats with Streptozotocin-induced Diabetes.” Experimental Neurology, 192:407-19, 2005 A K Changolkar, J A Hypolite, M Disanto, P J Oates, A J Wein and S Chacko, “Diabetes Induced Decrease in Detrusor Smooth Muscle Force Is Associated with Oxidative Stress and Overactivity of Aldose Reductase.” Journal of Urology 173:309-13, 2005 Y C Hwang, M Kaneko, S Bakr, H Liao, Y Lu, E R Lewis, S Yan, S Ii, M Itakura, L Rui, H Skopicki, S Homma, A M Schmidt, P J Oates, M Szabolcs and R Ramasamy, “Central Role for Aldose Reductase Pathway in Myocardial Ischemic Injury.” The FASEB Journal, 18:1192-1199, 2004 Y C Hwang, S Bakr, C Ellery, P J Oates, and R Ramasamy, “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitors: A Novel Therapeutic Intervention for Protecting Ischemic Myocardium.” The FASEB Journal, express article 10.1096/fj.03-0128fje. Published online October 2, 2003 B L Mylari, G J Withbroe, D A Beebe, N S Brackett, E L Conn, J B Coutcher, P J Oates, and W J Zembrowski, “Design and synthesis of a novel family of triazine-based inhibitors of sorbitol dehydrogenase with oral activity: 1-{4-[3R,5S-dimethyl-4-(4-methyl-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl)-piperazin-1- yl]-[1,3,5]triazin-2-yl}-(R) ethanol.” Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 11:4179-4188, 2003 B L Mylari, S J Armento, D A Beebe, E L Conn, J B Coutcher, M S Dina, M T O'Gorman, M C Linhares, W H Martin, P J Oates, D A Tess, G J Withbroe, and W J Zembrowski, “A Highly Selective, Non-Hydantoin, Non-Carboxylic Acid Inhibitor of Aldose Reductase with Potent Oral Activity in Diabetic Rat Models: 6-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzofuran- 2-sulfonyl)-2-H-pyridazin-3-one.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 46:2283-2286, 2003 T A Pauly, J L Ekstrom, D A Beebe, B Chrunyk, D Cunningham, M Griffor, A Kamath, S E Lee, R Madura, D McGuire, T Subashi, D Wasilko, P Watts, B L Mylari, P J Oates, P D Adams, V L Rath, “X-Ray Crystallographic and Kinetic Studies of Human Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” Structure (Cambridge), 11:1071-85, 2003 A D Hodgkinson, T Bartlett, P J Oates, B A Millward and A G Demaine. “Abnormal Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Expression in Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus and Nephropathy.” Diabetes, 52:846-851, 2003

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B L Mylari, P J Oates, W J Zembrowski, D A Beebe, E L Conn, J B Coutcher, M T O'Gorman, M C Linhares and G J Withbroe. “A Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor of Exceptional in Vivo Potency with a Long Duration of Action: 1-(R)-{4-[4-(4,6-Dimethyl[1,3,5]Triazin-2-Yl)- 2R,6R-Dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]Pyrimidin-2- yl}Ethanol.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 45: 4398-4401, 2002 M Y Chu-Moyer, W E Ballinger, D A Beebe, J B Coutcher, W W Day, J Li, P J Oates and R M Weekly. “SAR and Species/Stereo-Selective Metabolism of the Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor, CP-470,711.” Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 12: 1477-1480, 2002 Y C Hwang, S Sato, J-Y Tsai, S D Yan, S Bakr, H Zhang, P J Oates and R Ramasamy, “Aldose reductase activation is a key component of myocardial response to ischemia.” FASEB Journal, 16: 243-245, 2002 S Gupta, E Chough, J Daley, P J Oates, K Tornheim, N B Ruderman and J F Keaney, Jr., “Hyperglycemia Increases Superoxide Anion in Rabbit Endothelium Leading to Decreased Smooth Muscle Cell Na+-K+-ATPase Activity.” American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology, 282:C560-C566, 2002 M Y Chu-Moyer, W E Ballinger, D A. Beebe, R Berger, J B Coutcher, W W Day, J Li, B L Mylari,

P J

Oates, R M Weekly, “Orally-Effective, Long-Acting Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitors (SDIs): Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and In Vivo Evaluations of Novel Heterocycle-Substituted Piperazino-Pyrimidines.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 45: 511-528, 2002 B L Mylari, P J Oates, D A Beebe, N S Brackett, J B Coutcher, M S Dina, W J Zembrowski, “Sorbitol dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDIs): A new potent, enantiomeric SDI, 4-[2-1R-hydroxy-ethyl)-pyrimidin-4-yl]-piperazine-1-sulfonic acid dimethylamide.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 44: 2695-2700, 2001 W R Tracey, W P Magee, C A Ellery, J T MacAndrew, A H Smith, D R Knight and P J Oates. “Aldose Reductase Inhibition Alone or in Combination with an Adenosine A3 Receptor Agonist Reduces Ischemic Myocardial Injury.” American Journal of Physiology, 279:H1447-H1452, 2000 T W Siegel, S R Smith, C A Ellery, J R Williamson and P J Oates. “An Enzymatic Fluorometric Assay for Fructose.” Analytical Biochemistry, 280: 329-331, 2000 T Nishikawa, D Edelstein, X L Du, S Yamagishi, T Matsumura, Y Kaneda, M A Yorek, D Beebe, P J Oates, H-P Hammes, I Giardino and M Brownlee. “Normalizing Mitochondrial Superoxide Production Blocks Three Pathways of Hyperglycaemic Damage.” Nature, 404: 787-790, 2000 R Ramasamy, H Liu, P J Oates, S Schaefer. “Attenuation of Ischemia Induced Increases in Sodium and Calcium by the Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat.” Cardiovascular Research, 42: 130-139, 1999 R Ramasamy, P Oates and S Schaefer. “Aldose Reductase Inhibition Protects Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Rat Hearts From Ischemic Injury.” Diabetes, 42: 292-300, 1997 P Xia, T Inogouchi, T S Kern, R L Engerman, P J Oates and G L King. “Characterization of the Mechanism for the Chronic Activation of DAG-PKC Pathway in Diabetes and Hypergalactosemia.” Diabetes, 43: 1122-1129, 1994 G Pugliese, R G Tilton, A Speedy, P J Oates and J R Williamson. “Effects of Combined Insulin and Sorbinil Treatment on Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction in Rats.” Metabolism, 43: 492-500, 1994

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E M Gibbs, S C McCoid, H K Ortmeyer, R W Stevenson, P J Oates, C A Ellery, D A Beebe and B C Hansen. “Altered Expression of the Facilitative Fructose/Glucose Transporter (GLUT 5) in the Development of Diabetes.” Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology, 101 (Suppl. 2): 214-217, 1993

B Tesfamariam, S Gupta, P J Oates, N B Ruderman and R A Cohen. “Reduced Na+/K+ Pump Activity in Diabetic Rabbit Carotid Artery: Reversal by Aldose Reductase Inhibition.” American Journal of Physiology, 265 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 34): H1189-H1194, 1993 W R Meyer, M B Doyle, J A Grifo, K J Lipetz, P J Oates, A H DeCherney, M P Diamond. “Aldose Reductase Inhibition Prevents Galactose-Induced Ovarian Dysfunction in the Sprague-Dawley Rat.” American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 167: 1837-43, 1992 H Trachtman, S Futterweit, E Hammer, T W Siegel and P J Oates. “The Role of Polyols in Cerebral Cell Volume Regulation in Hypernatremic and Hyponatremic States.” Life Sciences, 49: 677-88, 1991 J P Hakkinen, W F Holt, C J Goddard, P J Oates, W R Murphy, J J Maciejko and L A Reiter. “CP-66,948: An Antisecretory Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonist with Mucosal Protective Properties.”

Digestive Diseases and Sciences, 36: 1721-28, 1991 P J Oates and J P Hakkinen. “Studies on the Mechanism of Ethanol-Induced Gastric Damage in Rats.” Gastroenterology, 94: 10-21, 1988, with an accompanying editorial C A Lipinski, J L LaMattina and P J Oates. “Bioisosteric Prototype Design of Biaryl Imidazoyl and Triazolyl Competitive H2-Receptor Antagonists.” Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 29: 2154-2163, 1986

P J Oates and O Touster. “In Vitro Fusion of Acanthamoeba Phagolysosomes. III. Evidence that Cyclic Nucleotides and Vacuole Subpopulations Respectively Control the Rate and Extent of Vacuole Fusion in Acanthamoeba Homogenates.” Journal of Cell Biology, 85: 804-810, 1980 P J Oates and O Touster. “In Vitro Fusion of Acanthamoeba Phagolysosomes. II. Quantitative Characterization of In Vitro Vacuole Fusion by Improved Electron Microscopic and New Light Microscopic Techniques.” Journal of Cell Biology, 79: 217-234, 1978 P J Oates and O Touster. “In Vitro Fusion of Acanthamoeba Phagolysosomes. I. Demonstration and Quantitation of Vacuole Fusion in Acanthamoeba Homogenates.” Journal of Cell Biology, 68: 319-338, 1976

Abstracts P J Oates, S S Klioze, P F Schwartz, A D Boland

and The Zopolrestat Diabetic Nephropathy Study

Group, “Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Reduces Elevated Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects with Incipient Diabetic Nephropathy,” Journal of the American Society of Nephrology,19:642A, 2008 P J Oates, S S Klioze

and The Zopolrestat Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group, “Chronic Treatment with

Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Suppressed Sorbitol, But Not Fructose, in Sural Nerves of Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy,” Diabetologia, 50 (Suppl. 1): S62, 2007 R B Burrows and P J Oates, “A Computer Model of Glucose Metabolism.” Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, Program, p. 60, 2007

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W Sun, P J Oates, J B Coutcher, C Gerhardinger and M Lorenzi, “A Selective Aldose Reductase Inhibitor of a New Structural Class Prevents or Reverses Early Retinal Abnormalities in Experimental Diabetic Retinopathy.” Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, Program, p. 51, 2007 J Minchenko, B Bennetts, A Chan, M Craig, P J Oates and K C Donaghue, “Aldose Reductase Gene Expression In PBMC’s And Genotyping Of Adolescent Patients With Long Duration Of Type 1 Diabetes.”Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, Program, p. 26, 2007 B Yang, A D Hodgkinson, P J Oates, H M Kwon, B A Millward and A G Demaine, “Elevated Activity of Transcription Factor Nuclear Factor of Activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) and Diabetic Nephropathy.” Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, Program, p. 25, 2007 K Thamotharampillai, A K F Chan, B Bennetts, M Craig, J Cusumano, M Silink, P J Oates and K C Donaghue

, “Decline in Neurophysiological Function After 7 Years in an Adolescent Diabetic Cohort and

the Role of Aldose Reductase Gene Polymorphisms.” Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, Program, p. 24, 2007

Y Ido, R Tilton, B Mylari, P Oates and J Williamson, “Vascular And Neural Dysfunction In Early Diabetes Are Largely Sequelae Of Metabolic Imbalances Fueled By Cytosolic Nadh Generated By Sorbitol Oxidation,” Diabetic Complications 2007: The Role of Aldose Reductase and Related Pathways, Program, p. 13, 2007 P Oates, “Diabetic Complications and the Polyol Pathway: A New Paradigm.” Pennington Biomedical Research Symposium, Diabetic Complications, Program, p. 17, 2007 P Oates, D Beebe, C Ellery and J Coutcher, “Normalization of Oxidative Stress Marker GSSG/GSH in Diabetic Rat Nerve Requires Stronger Aldose Reductase Inhibition Than Normalization of Sorbitol or Fructose.” Diabetic Medicine, 23 (Suppl. 4):107, 2006 P Oates, D Beebe and C Ellery, “Inhibition of Aldose Reductase Improves the Ratio of Oxidized Glutathione to Reduced Glutathione in the Blood of Diabetic Rats.” Diabetes, 55 (Suppl. 1):A173, 2006 P Oates, C Ellery, D Beebe, J Coutcher, Y-Z Qian, V Lowe and S O'Neill, “Reduction of Elevated Urinary Albumin Excretion in Diabetic Rats by Polyol Pathway Inhibitors Correlates with Changes in Urinary Sorbitol Excretion.” Diabetes, 54 (Suppl. 1):A195, 2005

K F Wright, D Beebe, C Ellery, J Coutcher, C Xie, R Calle and G Preston, “Characterization of a Reliable Method for Determining Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Activity in Human and Rat Erythrocytes.” Diabetes, 54 (Suppl. 1):A115, 2005

P Oates, C Ellery, D Beebe, J Coutcher, Y-Z Qian, D Phillips, V Lowe, T Appleton, D Raunig, S O'Neil, B Mylari, “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibition As Well As Aldose Reductase Inhibition Prevents Elevation Of Urinary Albumin Excretion In Diabetic Rats.” Diabetologia, 47 (Suppl. 1): A398, 2004 J Y Yang, X Wu, F L Chau, S C F Tam, P J Oates, S K Chung, S S M Chung, “Blocking the Polyol Pathway Protects Diabetic Mice Against Hypertriglyceridemia.” Diabetes, 53 (Suppl. 2): A538, 2004

P. J. Oates 21

J Coutcher, C Ellery, Y-Z Qian, D Phillips, V Lowe, T Appleton, D Beebe, D Raunig, B Mylari, S O’Neil and P Oates, “Oral Activity Profile of Aldose Reductase Inhibitor CP-744809 in Streptozocin-Diabetic Rats.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 65, 2004 D Beebe, P Oates and B Mylari, “Determination of The Equilibrium Dissociation Constant of Aldose Reductase Inhibitor CP-744809 for Human Aldose Reductase.” International Polyol Pathway Conference proceedings, International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 64, 2004 K Wright, P Oates, D Beebe, C Ellery and G Preston, “Inhibition of Human Red Blood Cell Sorbitol Dehydrogenase by CP-470711.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 63, 2004 P Oates, “Future Directions in Diabetic Complications Research.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 57, 2004 A K Changolkar, J Hypolite, M E DiSanto, P J Oates, A J Wei, and S Chacko, “Decreased Force Generation, Polyol Pathway Hyperactivity, and Oxidative Stress In Urinary Bladder Smooth Muscle in Diabetes.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 31, 2004 S Chung, J Yang, P Oates and S Chung, “Polyol Pathway Is a Thrifty Metabolic Pathway That Enhances Energy Storage In Times of Plenty.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 25, 2004 A Hodgkinson, T Bartlett , P Oates, A Millward, A Demaine, “The Effect of Partial and Total Inhibition of The Polyol Pathway on Expression of Antioxidant, Aldose Reductase and Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Genes In Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 23, 2004 P Oates, J Coutcher, C Ellery, Y-Z Qian, D Phillips, V Lowe, T Appleton, D Beebe, D Raunig, S O’Neil and B Mylari. “In Vitro and Oral Activity of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitor CP-642931 in Streptozocin Diabetic Rats.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 22, 2004 T A Pauly, J L Ekstrom, D A Beebe, B Chrunyk, D Cunningham, M Griffor, A Kamath, S E Lee, R Madura, D Mcguire, T Subashi, D Wasilko, P Watts, B L Mylari, P J Oates, P D Adams, V L Rath, “X-Ray Crystallographic and Kinetic Studies of Human Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” International Polyol Pathway Conference Proceedings, p. 21, 2004 P J Oates, D A Beebe, J B Coutcher, C A Ellery, and The Zopolrestat Diabetic Neuropathy Study Group, “Models of Normal and Neuropathic Diabetic Human Sural Nerves and Their Sorbitol Contents.” Diabetes, 52 (Suppl. 1):A196, 2003 D M Hegazy, B M Yang, P J Oates, B A Millward, and A G Demaine, “Aldose Reductase Inhibition Reduces the High Glucose Induced Increase in Nuclear Factor Kappa B Binding Activity in Cells from Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.” Diabetes, 52 (Suppl. 1):A186, 2003 Y C Hwang, S Bakr, C Ellery, P J Oates, and R Ramasamy, “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitors: A Novel Therapeutic Intervention for Protecting Ischemic Myocardium.” Circulation, 106 (Suppl. 2): 194, 2002 P J Oates, D A Beebe, C A Ellery and J B Coutcher. “Quantitation of Polyol Pathway Enzymes in Normal and Diabetic Rat Sciatic Nerve.” Diabetologia, 45 (Suppl. 2): A324, 2002 P J Oates. “Pathways of Hyperglycemic Damage and Their Interactions: New Insights.” Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 56 (Suppl. 1): S21, 2002

P. J. Oates 22

A D Hodgkinson, T Bartlett, P J Oates, B A Millward and A G Demaine. “Abnormal Antioxidant Enzyme Gene Expression in Patients with Type I Diabetes Mellitus and Nephropathy.” Diabetes, 51 (Suppl. 2): A190, 2002 P J Oates,

James B Coutcher, David A Beebe, Craig A Ellery. “Oxidative Stress Marker Urinary 8-

Hydroxydeoxyguanosine Is Chronically Elevated in Diabetic Rats.” Diabetes, 51 (Suppl. 2): A182, 2002 P J Oates,

Craig A Ellery, James B Coutcher, David A Beebe. “A Metabolic Model of Rat Sciatic Nerve

Sorbitol.” Diabetologia, 44 (Suppl. 1): A296, 2001 P J Oates,

Craig A Ellery, James B Coutcher, David A Beebe. “A Metabolic Model of Sorbitol in

Normal and Diabetic Peripheral Nerve.” Diabetes, 50 (Suppl. 2): A188, 2001 A D Hodgkinson, P J Oates, B A Millward and A G Demaine. “Hyperglycaemic Induction of Aldose Reductase mRNA in Cells from Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy Is Prevented by an Inhibitor of Aldose Reductase.” Diabetes, 50 (Suppl. 2): A176, 2001 P J Oates and C A Ellery. “Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Immunoreactivity Is Reduced in Serum and Plasma from Diabetic Rats Treated with an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor.” Diabetes, 49 (Suppl. 1): A377, 2000 B L Mylari, P J Oates, W E Ballinger, D A Beebe, J B Coutcher, M S Dina, J P Hakkinen, P D Inskeep, M W Miller, T M Schelhorn and W J Zembrowski. “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibitors (SDIs): A New Potent, Enantiomeric SDI, 4-[2-1R Hydroxy-Ethyl)-Pyridin-4-YL]-pPiperazine-1-Sulfonic Acid Dimethylamide.” US-Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop Proceedings, p. 62, 2000 C A Ellery and P J Oates. “Reversal of Galactose-Induced Renal Hyperperfusion in Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat.” Diabetes, 48 (Suppl. 1): A376, 1999 T Nishikawa, D Edelstein, I Giardino, D Beebe, P J Oates, and M Brownlee. “Reversal of Hyperglycemia-Induced PKC Activation, Intracellular AGE Formation, and Sorbitol Accumulation by Inhibition of Electron Transport Complex II.” Diabetes, 48 (Suppl. 1): A73, 1999 Y Ido, K Chang, P J Oates, B L Mylari, and J R Williamson. “Inhibitors of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase (SDI) and Aldose Reductase (ARI) Reverse Impaired Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) in Diabetic Rats.” Diabetes, 48 (Suppl. 1): A150, 1999 P Oates, T Schelhorn, M Miller, E Hammerlund, C Ellery, D Beebe and J Hakkinen. “Polyol Pathway Inhibitors Dose-Dependently Preserve Nerve Function In Diabetic Rats.” Diabetologia, 41 (Suppl. 1): A271, 1998 P Oates and C Ellery, “Alond™ Reduces High Urinary Albumin Excretion But Not Blood Pressure in Conscious Diabetic Rats.” Diabetologia, 40 (Suppl. 1): A516, 1997 Y Ido, E Ostrow, B Mylari, P Oates and J Williamson. “Decreased Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) in Diabetic Rats Is Linked to Cytosolic Reductive Stress.” Diabetologia, 40 (Suppl. 1): A33, 1997

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I G Obrovsova, J H Burgan, E Ostrow and P J Oates. “Evaluation Of Structurally Different ARIs, Tolrestat And Sorbinil, vs. SDI On Diabetes-Induced Changes In Lens Metabolism.” Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, 38: S1171, 1997 P Oates and C Ellery. “Mean Arterial Pressure in Conscious Diabetic Rats Is Unaffected by Zopolrestat.” Diabetes, 46 (Suppl. 1): 335A, 1997 P J Oates, D A Beebe and B L Mylari. “Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Catalysis and Inhibition by CP-166,572: Ligand Binding and Kinetic Studies.” US–Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop Proceedings, p. 71, 1997 Y Ido, J Burgan, B Mylari, P Oates and J. Williamson. “Comparison of Effects of Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase vs. Aldose Reductase on Peripheral Nerve Electrophysiological Dysfunction in Diabetic Rats.” US–Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop Proceedings, p. 49, 1997 N Ravi, Y Ido, K Chang, B Mylari, P Oates and J Williamson. “Effects of Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase vs. Aldose Reductase Cataractogenesis in Diabetic Rats.” US–Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop Proceedings, p. 63, 1997 J Williamson, K Chang, P Oates and Y Ido. “Sorbinil Improves Impaired Neural Hyperemic Responses to Surgical Trauma in Diabetic Rats.” US–Japan Aldose Reductase Workshop Proceedings, p. 40, 1997 P J Oates, T Nakano, J M Petrash, J R Williamson and I Obrosova. “Glycolytic Pathway, Redox State of NAD-Couples, and Energy Metabolism in Lenses in Rats with Short-Term Diabetes.” Diabetologia, 39 (Suppl. 1): A54, 1996 Y Ido, P J Oates, B L Mylari, J Burgan, M Bache, A P Mizisin and J R Williamson. “Inhibitors of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase and Aldose Reductase Prevent Decreased MNCV Caused by Diabetes.” Diabetologia, 39 (Suppl. 1): A248, 1996 P J Oates, J B Coutcher, and B L Mylari. “The Effect Of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibition On Sugar Cataract Formation In Cultured Rat Lens.” Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 37(3): S190, 1996 I Obrosova, P J Oates, J Burgan and J R Williamson. “Glycolytic Pathway, Redox State of NAD- couples and Energy Metabolism in Lens in Rats with Short-Term Streptozotocin Diabetes.” Diabetes, 45:195A, 1996 P Oates, B Mylari, K Chang, and J Williamson. “Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Prevents Increased Retinal Vascular Albumin Permeation in Diabetic But Not in Galactosemic Rats.” Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 36 (4): S1066, 1995 Y Ido, P Oates, B Mylari, D Beebe, J Coutcher, W Zembrowski and J Williamson. “Effects of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Inhibition on Peripheral Nerve Conduction and Vascular Function in Control and Diabetic Rats.” Diabetes, 44 (Suppl. 1): 66A, 1995 R Ramasamy, S Schaefer, P Oates. “Improved Ischemic Tolerance in Diabetic Hearts Treated with an Aldose Reductase Inhibitor.” Diabetes, 44 (Suppl. 1): 192A, 1995 P Oates, Y Ido, B Mylari, and J Williamson. “Peripheral Neuropathy In Diabetic Rats Is Prevented By Inhibition Of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Or Aldose Reductase.” Diabetologia, 38 (Suppl. 1): A232, 1995

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J Nyengaard, P Oates, B Mylari, and J Williamson. “Inhibition Of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase Prevents Reductive Stress Caused By Glucose And Sorbitol But Not Galactose.” Diabetologia, 38 (Suppl. 1): A276, 1995 Y Ido, K Chang, B Mylari, P Oates, and J Williamson. “Inhibition Of Aldose Reductase Prevents Hyperperfusion In Surgically-Exposed Sciatic Nerve Of Galactose-Fed Rats.” Diabetologia, 38 (Suppl. 1): A232, 1995 I Obrosova, P J Oates, J Burgan and J R Williamson. “Glycolytic Pathway, Redox State of NAD- Couples and Energy Metabolism in Lens in Rats with Short-Term Streptozotocin Diabetes.” U.S.-Japan Cooperative Cataract Research Group Conference Proceedings, November 15-19, 1995 P Oates, J Williamson, K Chang, B Mylari, D Beebe, J Coutcher, T Siegel, and W Zembrowski. “Attenuation of Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction by an Inhibitor of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” Diabetes, 43 (Suppl. 1): 17A, 1994 C Ellery and P Oates. “Reversal of Albuminuria in Diabetic Rats by Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat.” Diabetes, 43 (Suppl. 1): 204A, 1994 J Williamson, K Chang, P Oates, B Mylari, D Beebe, J Coutcher, T Siegel, and W Zembrowski. “Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction Is Prevented by Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” Diabetologia, 37 (Suppl. 1): A23, 1994 J Williamson, Y Ido, C Kilo, K Chang, B Mylari and P Oates. “Oxidative Stress, Reductive Stress, Osmotic Stress and Sorbitol Pathway Metabolism.” 15th International Diabetes Federation Congress Abstracts: 30, 1994 P Oates, B Mylari, K Chang, D Beebe, J Coutcher, T Siegel, W Zembrowski and J Williamson. “Diabetes-Induced Vascular Dysfunction Is Prevented by Inhibition of Sorbitol Dehydrogenase.” 15th International Diabetes Federation Congress Abstracts: 373, 1994 L S Norris, T M Schelhorn, P J Oates and A L Rauch. “Losartan (DuP753) Reduces Increased Aortic DNA Synthesis in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.” FASEB Journal, 7: A339, 1993 P J Oates, C A Ellery, K M Davis, D N Guzzie, and P B Inskeep. “Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Dose-Dependently Reduces Albuminuria in Streptozocin-Diabetic Rats.” Diabetes, 42 (Suppl. 1): 157A, 1993 P J Oates, C A Ellery and S Goldfarb. “Hyperfiltration and Albuminuria Are Dose-Dependently Reduced in Diabetic Rats by Zopolrestat.” Diabetologia, 36 (Suppl. 1): A221, 1993 P J Oates and C A Ellery. “Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Prevents Elevated Urinary Albumin Excretion in Diabetic Rats.” Diabetes, 41 (Suppl. 1): 121A, 1992 P J Oates, C A Ellery and S Goldfarb. “Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Zopolrestat Reduces Hyperfiltration and Albuminuria in Diabetic Rats.” Diabetologia, 35 (Suppl. 1): A148, 1992 P J Oates, C A Ellery, L R Pustilnik, P B Inskeep, A E Reed, T A Beyer and N J Hutson. “Zopolrestat Dose-Dependently Inhibits Renal Hyperperfusion in Galactosemic Rats.” Diabetes, 40 (Suppl. 1): 131A, 1991

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P J Oates and C A Ellery. “Measurement of Blood Flow in the Superficial Renal Cortex of Normal and Galactose-Fed Rats by Laser Doppler Flowmetry.” Kidney International, 37: 554, 1990 P J Oates and L R Pustilnik. “Sorbinil Prevents Galactose-Induced Renal Hyperperfusion.” FASEB Journal, 4: A437, 1990 P J Oates and C A Ellery. “Aldose Reductase Inhibitors Sorbinil and Zopolrestat Prevent Galactose-Induced Hyperperfusion in the Renal Cortex.” Diabetes, 39 (Suppl. 1): 184A, 1990 P J Oates, C A Ellery and L R Pustilnik. “Renal Hyperperfusion in 30% Galactose-Fed Rats Is Prevented By Two Structurally Distinct Aldose Reductase Inhibitors.” Diabetologia, 33 (Suppl.): A65, 1990 P J Oates and K J Goddu. “Sorbitol Distribution Within the Renal Inner Medulla.” Federation Proceedings 46: 346, 1987 P J Oates and K J Goddu. “A Sorbitol Gradient in the Rat Renal Medulla.” Kidney International, 31: 448, 1987 P J Oates, C A Lipinski, G M Frame, J L LaMattina and M G Page. “CP-57,361: A Novel Long-Acting Histamine H2-Antagonist.” Gastroenterology, 88: 1520, 1985 J P Hakkinen and P J Oates. “Microvascular Responses to Concentrated Intragastric Ethanol in Rats.” Gastroenterology, 86: 1104, 1984 P J Oates, P L Gaudreau and D E Wilder. “Histological Assessment of Gastric Protection by 16,16-Dimethyl Prostaglandin E2 in Rats.” C.U.R.E. Symposium, Protective Actions of Prostaglandins in

Gastrointestinal Mucosa, Santa Monica, CA, Jan. 23-24, 1981, p. 19, 1981 P J Oates. “Evidence for a Role of Cyclic Nucleotides in the Lysosome Fusion Process.” Federation Proceedings, 38: 579, 1979 P J Oates. “Quantitative Studies of In Vitro Phagolysosome Fusion.” Journal of Cell Biology, 75: 197a, 1977 P J Oates. “An Improved Method of Specimen Preparation for TEM.” Journal of Cell Biology, 75: 244a, 1977 P J Oates and O Touster. “Demonstration of In Vitro Fusion of Phagolysosomes in Homogenates of Acanthamoeba, sp.” Federation Proceedings, 34: 858, 1975