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INFORMATION ON

ORALCANCER.

Presentation & Art-work : GAURI DHAMNASKAR.I n f o r m a t i o n : SHAILESH TIWARI. POOJA ACHARYA. DEEPALI CHAVAN. GAURI DUMBHRE. VAISHALI & RISHIRAJ.

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INRODUCTIONTO

ORAL CANCER.

Oral cancer is a subtype of head and neck cancer.Oral cancer is cancerous tissue growth located in the oral cavity.It may arise as a

primary lesion originating in any of the oral tissues,by extension from a neighbouring anatomic structure,such as the nasal

cavity.Alternatively, the Oral cancers may originate in any of the tissues of the mouth,may be of varied histologic types;

teratoma,adenocarcinoma derived from a major or minor salivary gland, lymphoma from tonsillor other lymphoid tissue,or melanoma

from the pigment-producing cells of the oral mucosa.There are several types of oral cancers,but around 90% are are sqamous cells carcinoma,originating in the tissues that line mouth and lips.Oral or mouth cancer most commonly involves the tongue.It may also occur

on the floor of the mouth,cheek lining,gingiva(gums),lips,or palate(roof of the mouth).Most oral cancers look very similar under

the microscope and are called squamous cell carcinoma.

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SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

OFORAL CANCER.

SKIN LESION, LUMP, OR ULCER THAT DO NOT RESOLVE IN 14 DAYS LOCATED :

• On the tongue, lip, or other mouth areas.• Usually small• Most often pale colored, be dark or discolored.• Early sign may be a white patch or a red patch on the soft tissue of the mouth.• Usually painless.• May develop a burning sensation or pain when the tumor is advanced.• Behind the wisdom tooth.• Even behind the ear. • Tongue problems.• Swallowing difficulty.• Mouth sores.

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MAIN DISEASE CAUSING AGENTS

OF ORAL CANCER.

TOBACCO ALCOHOL

TOBACCO:

Smoking and other tobacco use are associated with about 75% of oral cancer cases, caused by irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth from smoke and heat of cigarettes, cigars and pipes. Tobacco contains over 60 known carcinogens, and the combustion of it ,and by products from this process, is the primary mode of involvement.Tobacco use in any form by itself ,even more so in combination with heavy alcohol consumption, continues to be an important risk factor for oral cancer.

TOBACCO

GUTKHA

ALCOHOL:

Use of alcohol and other toxic liquids is another high-risk activity associated with oral cancer. There is known to be very strong synergistic effect on oral cancer risk when a person is both a heavy smoker and drinker.the risk is greatly increased compared to a heavy smoker, or a heavydrinker alone.In the absence of smoking and drinking, lead to significant increase in the development of oral cancer. The American Dental Association said “the available evidence does not support a connection between oral cancer and alcohol-containing mouthrinse”.A recent study suggests that acetaldehyde (a break down product of alcohol) is implicated in oral cancer.

STATISTICAL DATAFOR

ORAL CANCER.

Race/Ethnicity Male Female

All Races 16.1 per 100000 men 6.2 per 100000 women

White 16.5per 100000 men 6.3 per 100000 women

Black 15.4 per 100000 men 5.6 per 100000 women

Asian Islander 11.1 per 100000 men 5.2 per 100000 women

American Indian 10.1 per 100000 men 5.0 per 100000 women

Hispanic 9.1 per 100000 men 4.0 per 100000 women

INCIDENCE RATES BY RACE

Race/Ethnicity MALE FEMALE

All Races 3.8 per 100000 men 1.4 per 100000 women

White 3.6 per 100000 men 1.4 per 100000 women

Black 5.7 per 100000 men 1.4 per 100000 women

Asian Islander 3.0 per 100000 men 1.3 per 100000 women

American Indian 3.5 per 100000 men 1.3 per 100000 women

Hispanic 2.4 per 100000 men 0.7 per 100000 women

DEATH RATES BY RACE

CONCLUSION:

Of all sites in the head and neck, oral cavity lesions should be amenable to early detection because the mucosa is accessible for viewing by both the patient and general health care provider. Furthermore, the rich innervation of oral mucosa ensures that even small lesions are likely to elicit tenderness to pain. Early diagnosis is also facilitated by the accessibility to biopsy without general anesthesia. Lesions of the oropharynx are more challenging on both counts. Oral cavity lesions arise in typical smoker-drinkers, but also with an alarmingly increased frequency along the lateral tongue in young nonsmokers, making the selection of subjects for screening efforts more problematic.