Polio – End Game Quiz

Dr Gaurav GuptaSource: IAP ADVAC Program

All of the following are risks for polio re-emergence after termination of wild virus transmission:

a. Laboratories that work with wild poliovirusesb. Chronic immune deficient sheddersc. Continued use of oral polio vaccinesd. Continued use of wild polio viruses to make

inactivated polio vaccinee. Bioterrorismf. All of the above

All of the following are risks for polio re-emergence after termination of wild virus transmission:

a. Laboratories that work with wild poliovirusesb. Chronic immune deficient sheddersc. Continued use of oral polio vaccinesd. Continued use of wild polio viruses to make

inactivated polio vaccinee. Bioterrorismf. All of the above

Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses have the same characteristics as wild polioviruses

FalseTrue

Circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses have the same characteristics as wild polioviruses

FalseTrue

The most common cause of circulating vaccine derived poliovirus outbreaks in recent years is:

• Type 1• Type 2• Type 3• Mixed types

The most common cause of circulating vaccine derived poliovirus outbreaks in recent years is:

• Type 1• Type 2• Type 3• Mixed types

Oral polio vaccines are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

• Have lower efficacy in tropical countries than in industrialized countries

• Spread from vaccinees to non-vaccinees, thereby enhancing immunity

• Cause vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP) in vaccine recipients but not contacts

• Can lead to viruses with the transmissibility and neurovirulence characteristics of wild viruses

• Oral polio vaccines are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

• Have lower efficacy in tropical countries than in industrialized countries

• Spread from vaccinees to non-vaccinees, thereby enhancing immunity

• Cause vaccine-associated paralytic polio (VAPP) in vaccine recipients but not contacts

• Can lead to viruses with the transmissibility and neurovirulence characteristics of wild viruses

Cases of vaccine-associated paralytic polio are as clinically severe as cases of wild virus polio

FalseTrue

Cases of vaccine-associated paralytic polio are as clinically severe as cases of wild virus polio

FalseTrue

All of the following are true about inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) except:

• IPV is made from wild polio viruses• IPV must be given by injection• IPV is equivalent to oral polio vaccine (OPV) in

inducing immunity in the oral cavity• IPV is equivalent to OPV in inducing immunity

in the intestine

All of the following are true about inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) except:

• IPV is made from wild polio viruses• IPV must be given by injection• IPV is equivalent to oral polio vaccine (OPV) in

inducing immunity in the oral cavity• IPV is equivalent to OPV in inducing immunity

in the intestine

All of the following are true with regard to VAPP EXCEPT:

• It can occur in contacts as well as recipients• Persons with B cell immune deficiencies have

the highest risk• The most common type associated with VAPP is

type 1• Most cases of VAPP have no identified risk

factors

All of the following are true with regard to VAPP EXCEPT:

• It can occur in contacts as well as recipients• Persons with B cell immune deficiencies have

the highest risk• The most common type associated with VAPP is

type 1• Most cases of VAPP have no identified risk

factors

Immune deficient persons can excrete polioviruses for many years and can develop clinical polio years after their initial infection.

FalseTrue

Immune deficient persons can excrete polioviruses for many years and can develop clinical polio years after their initial infection.

FalseTrue

All of the following are being considered for the polio endgame EXCEPT:

• Development of antiviral drugs to treat immune deficient chronic poliovirus shedders

• Stopping OPV as soon as it is safe to do so• Establishing special procedures to contain virus in

laboratories• Making IPV affordable for developing countries• Establishing a stockpile of trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine

All of the following are being considered for the polio endgame EXCEPT:

• Development of antiviral drugs to treat immune deficient chronic poliovirus shedders

• Stopping OPV as soon as it is safe to do so• Establishing special procedures to contain virus in

laboratories• Making IPV affordable for developing countries• Establishing a stockpile of trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine

All of the following are ways to make IPV more affordable EXCEPT:

• Oral delivery• Intradermal delivery• Decrease number of doses• Use seed strains other than the wild virus• Add adjuvants to the vaccine

All of the following are ways to make IPV more affordable EXCEPT:

• Oral delivery• Intradermal delivery• Decrease number of doses• Use seed strains other than the wild virus• Add adjuvants to the vaccine