Endocrine SystemEndocrine System

Suffixes: -crine & dipsia Suffixes: -crine & dipsia

Latoyska Howard Latoyska Howard

- Crine/ Endocrine - Crine/ Endocrine

-crine -crine means to secrete means to secrete

(release) (release)

EndocrineEndocrine Uses chemicals to Uses chemicals to

communicate with the communicate with the body called Hormones body called Hormones

Hormones Hormones

Specific messenger molecule Specific messenger molecule synthesized and secreted by a group of synthesized and secreted by a group of specialized cells called an endocrine specialized cells called an endocrine gland. gland.

Endocrine glands Endocrine glands Are sent directly to the bloodstream Are sent directly to the bloodstream Traveling into the organs Traveling into the organs

Major Endocrine Glands Major Endocrine Glands

Hypothalamus & Pituitary Hypothalamus & Pituitary GlandGland

Thyroid GlandThyroid Gland

Pancreas Pancreas

Adrenal Glands Adrenal Glands

GonadsGonads

Pineal GlandPineal Gland

Hypothalamus/Pituitary GlandHypothalamus/Pituitary Gland

Pituitary Gland Pituitary Gland Is called the “master gland” Is called the “master gland” Its controlled by the hypothalamus Its controlled by the hypothalamus Together they both control many other endocrine Together they both control many other endocrine

functions functions

Secrete HormonesSecrete Hormones Specialty the female menstrual cycle, birth, lactation Specialty the female menstrual cycle, birth, lactation

and pregnancy and pregnancy

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) Non sex hormone Non sex hormone Helps water secretion from the kidneys Helps water secretion from the kidneys

Thyroid Gland Thyroid Gland

Thyroid Hormone Thyroid Hormone Regulates metabolism Regulates metabolism Body temperature and weight Body temperature and weight

Iodine Iodine Needs to manufacture hormones Needs to manufacture hormones w/o iodine there is a thyroid deficiency w/o iodine there is a thyroid deficiency Causes an enlarged thyroid Causes an enlarged thyroid Gov’t is influencing consumers to consume Gov’t is influencing consumers to consume

iodized salt iodized salt

Pancreas Pancreas

Two functions Two functions Ducted glandDucted gland

secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestinesecreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine Ductless gland Ductless gland

Secretes insulin and glucagonsSecretes insulin and glucagons

Glucagons Glucagons Regulates the blood sugar levelsRegulates the blood sugar levels

Islets cellsIslets cells Secrete glucagons Secrete glucagons Communicates with the liver when the blood sugar is low to release Communicates with the liver when the blood sugar is low to release

carbohydrates carbohydrates Secretes insulin and tells the liver to take glucose out of the circulation Secretes insulin and tells the liver to take glucose out of the circulation

to lower sugars when too highto lower sugars when too highDiabetes Mellitus (DM) Diabetes Mellitus (DM)

Blood sugar is out of control Blood sugar is out of control

Adrenal Glands Adrenal Glands

Two Adrenal Glands Two Adrenal Glands Sit on top of each kidney Sit on top of each kidney Outer Cortex and inner Medulla Outer Cortex and inner Medulla

Medulla Medulla Secretes Adrenaline Secretes Adrenaline

Helps us respond to danger, stressors, caffeine, low blood Helps us respond to danger, stressors, caffeine, low blood sugar.. Etc. sugar.. Etc.

Cortex Cortex Secretes corticosteroids Secretes corticosteroids anti-inflammatory anti-inflammatory

Gonads Gonads

Sex Organs Sex Organs Produces female Produces female

ovaries and male ovaries and male testes testes

Male Male Hormones Hormones

Testosterone Testosterone

Female Female Hormones Hormones

Estrogen and Estrogen and progesterone progesterone

Pineal Gland Pineal Gland

Located near the center of the brain Located near the center of the brain Stimulates the nerves for eyes Stimulates the nerves for eyes

Melatonin Melatonin Sleep Sleep Secretes at night Secretes at night

Winter time when nights are longer Winter time when nights are longer

Reproductive system Reproductive system Suppresses the gonads Suppresses the gonads

-dipsia/ Polydipsia -dipsia/ Polydipsia

-dipsia -dipsia Thirst Thirst

Polydipsia Polydipsia Excessive thirstExcessive thirst Related to diabetic Related to diabetic

patients who have patients who have untreated or poorly untreated or poorly controlled DM. controlled DM.