The Sanctity of Human Life• Abortion• Contraception• Euthanasia• Right To Die• Suicide• Donation of

Organs• Cremation• Capital

Punishment

SANCTITY OF HUMAN LIFEThe phrase sanctity of life refers to the idea that human life is sacred and holy, argued mainly by the pro-life side in political and moral debates over such controversial issues as abortion, contraception, euthanasia, embryonic stem-cell research, and the "right to die”.

ABORTION- is the termination of pregnancy by the removal or expulsion from the uterus of a fetus or embryo prior to viability.

TYPES OF ABORTION

1.INDUCED2.SPONTANEOUS

INDUCED• An abortion is medically referred to as a therapeutic abortion when it is performed to save the life of the pregnant woman; prevent harm to the woman's physical or mental health; terminate a pregnancy where indications are that the child will have a significantly increased chance of premature morbidity or mortality or be otherwise disabled; or to selectively reduce the number of fetuses to lessen health risks associated with multiple pregnancy.• An abortion is referred to as an elective or voluntary abortion when it is performed at the request of the woman for non-medical reasons.

SPONTANEOUSSpontaneous abortion, also known as

miscarriage, is the unintentional expulsion of an embryo or fetus before the 24th week of gestation. A pregnancy that ends before 37 weeks of gestation resulting in a live-born infant is known as a "premature birth" or a "preterm birth". When a fetus dies in uterus after viability, or during delivery, it is usually termed "stillborn". Premature births and stillbirths are generally not considered to be miscarriages although usage of these terms can sometimes overlap.

MOTIVATION1.PERSONAL2.SOCIETAL

3.MATERNAL and FETAL HEALTH

PERSONAL> The reasons why women have abortions are diverse and vary across the world. Some of the most common reasons are to postpone childbearing to a more suitable time or to focus energies and resources on existing children.

> Others include being unable to afford a child either in terms of the direct costs of raising a child or the loss of income while she is caring for the child, lack of support from the father, inability to afford additional children, desire to provide schooling for existing children, disruption of one's own education, relationship problems with their partner, a perception of being too young to have a child, unemployment, and not being willing to raise a child conceived as a result of rape or incest, among others.

SOCIETALIt include the preference for children of a specific sex, disapproval of single or early motherhood, stigmatization of people with disabilities, insufficient economic support for families, lack of access to or rejection of contraceptive methods, or efforts toward population control (such as China's one-child policy).

MATERNAL AND FETAL HEALTH

In the U.S. the Supreme Court decisions in Roe vs Wade and Doe vs Bolton "ruled that the state's interest in the life of the fetus became compelling only at the point of viability, defined as the point at which the fetus can survive independently of its mother. Even after the point of viability, the state cannot favor the life of the fetus over the life or health of the pregnant woman.

No person of faith in fact, no one who wants to live in a just and civil society should be ignorant of these facts:

FACT: Medical science proves that human life begins when the sperm fertilizes the egg, commonly known as the moment of conception.

FACT: God is the sole Creator Who determines when our life begins and ends. It is not our call.

FACT: Abortion kills an innocent, living human being made in the image and likeness of God.

FACT: January 22, 2013 will mark the 40th year of legalized abortion-on-demand throughout all nine months of pregnancy for any reason related to the health of the mother.

FACT: An estimated 55 million innocent pre-born human beings have been intentionally killed since the U.S. Supreme Court nullified anti-abortion laws in 1973.

FACT: Abortion hurts women, men, families, and society-at-large.

ROE VS. WADEA landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court on the

issue of abortion.

Decided simultaneously with a companion case, Doe v. Bolton, the Court ruled 7–2 that a right to privacy under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment extended to a woman's decision to have an abortion, but that right must be balanced against the state's two legitimate interests in regulating abortions: protecting prenatal life and protecting women's health.

Arguing that these state interests became stronger over the course of a pregnancy, the Court resolved this balancing test by tying state regulation of abortion to the trimester of pregnancy.

CONTRACEPTIONBirth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, are methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy. Planning, provision and use of birth control is called family planning. Safe sex, such as the use of male or female condoms, can also help prevent sexually transmitted infections.

Some cultures deliberately limit access to birth control because they consider it to be morally or politically undesirable.

METHODS1. HORMONAL2. BARRIER3. INTRAUTERINE

DEVICES4. STERILIZATION

HORMONALHormonal contraceptives work by inhibiting ovulation and fertilization. They are available in a number of different forms including oral pills, implants under the skin, injections, patches, IUDs and a vaginal ring. They are currently available only for women.

There are two types of oral birth control, the combined oral contraceptive pill (often referred to as the birth-control pill or colloquially as "the Pill", is a birth control method that includes a combination of an estrogen (estradiol) and a progestogen (progestin)) and the progestogen-only pill (contraceptive pills that contain only synthetic progestogens (progestins) and do not contain estrogen. They are colloquially known as mini pills).

BARRIERBarrier contraceptives are devices that attempt to prevent pregnancy by physically preventing sperm from entering the uterus. They include male condoms, female condoms, cervical caps, diaphragms, and contraceptive sponges with spermicide.

INTRAUTERINE DEVICESThe current intrauterine devices (IUD) are small devices, often 'T'-shaped, often containing either copper or levonorgestrel, which are inserted into the uterus. They are one form of long-acting reversible contraception which are the most effective types of reversible birth controL.

STERILIZATIONSurgical sterilization is available in the form of tubal ligation for women and vasectomy for men. There are no significant long-term side effects, and tubal ligation decreases the risk of ovarian cancer.

EUTHANASIA

CLASSIFICATION1.VOLUNTARY

2.NON-VOLUNTARY3.INVOLUNTARY

VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIARefers to the practice of ending a life in a painless manner. When the patient brings about his or her own death with the assistance of a physician, the term-assisted suicide is often used instead.

NON-VOLUNTARY EUTHANSIAConducted where the explicit consent of the individual concerned is unavailable, such as when the person is in a persistent vegetative state.

It contrasts with involuntary euthanasia, where euthanasia is performed against the will of the patient. The decision can be made based on what the incapacitated individual would have wanted, or it could be made on substituted judgment of what the decision maker would want were he or she in the incapacitated person's place, or finally, the decision could be made by the doctor by their own decision.

INVOLUNTARY EUTHANSIAIt occurs when euthanasia is performed on a person who is able to provide informed consent, but does not, either because they do not choose to die, or because they were not asked.

PASSIVE AND ACTIVEVoluntary, non-voluntary and involuntary euthanasia can all be further divided into passive or active variants.

• Passive euthanasia entails the withholding of common treatments, such as antibiotics, necessary for the continuance of life.

• Active euthanasia entails the use of lethal substances or forces, such as administering a lethal injection, to kill and is the most controversial means.