Why full cream milk is not suitable

April 12, 2023 All rughts reserved by Mahdi [email protected]

Why Full Cream Milk is not suitable as a nutritional complement for 1-3 years children?

Presented by,Mahdi Sufian, former Medical Representative of Behdashtkar Inc.Undergraduate student of Nutrition Sciences – SRBIAU

[email protected]


Children 1 – 3 yrs

• Diversified food + FCM(*) DO NOT meet the requirements.

• Diversified food + GUF (**)

DO meet the requirements.

(*) FCM = full cream milk (**) GUF = growing-up milk formula

GUF


Unsatisfying nutrients in Full Cream Milk

1. Proteins (quantity & quality)

2. Fats (quality!)

3. Carbohydrates

4. Minerals Iron

Copper

5. Vitamins Vit. D Vit. E


Proteins

• Babies 1-3 years: on average: 40 g/day (meat fish,poultry,egg.)

• 7-8 g protein from diversified food.

• Total protein intake/day:• * with FCM: 20.9 g prot./day• * with GUF: 15.5 g prot./day

• According to the E.U. Panel of Experts and other reports:• Food intake too rich in proteins among infants and

young children

• risk of renal failure• risk of overweight

Recommendations 2 x 200ml milk/formula per day

13 g/dayFCM GUF

13.4 103% DRI 8.0 80% DRI


Proteins

It is recommended that babies’ milk complement at least until 2 years, should have amino- acid profile close to that of breast milk.

Whey/Casein ratio in mother milk:

MM FCM GUF

Whey= lactoserum 50% 18% 50%

Casein 50% 82% 50%

Colostrum Mature breast milk

Late lactation

Whey 90% 55% 50%

Casein 10% 45% 50%


FATS• * Quantity of total fats : same in FCM and REGALAC®3

DRI 1-3 Y FCM 2 x 200 ml

GUF2 x 200 ml

Linoleic Ac. (ω6) 7000 mg 60mg 1160mgα- Linolenic

(ω3) 700 mg 28mg 60mg

Some ω6 are found in usual food

ω3 is seldom present in usual food and always in very small quantity

Low ω6 desquamation, loss of hair, slow scarring and growth retardation

Low ω3 impaired development and physiology of the retina, of brain and neurological function (DHA accumulates in the brain at least till the age of 2).


Carbohydrates

Strictly on a pure nutritional point of view, FCM is convenient for children 1-3 years in term of composition of its carbohydrates (100% lactose).

However, FCM contains only 4.7 g carbohydrates whilst a GUF ( just like like Breast Milk) contains 7.6 g/100 ml (7g/100ml in Breast Milk).

Some sucrose is added in GUF in order to make it

more palatable, taking into account that children of that age do not accept easily new food (neophobia) and tend to reject any kind of food.

Moreover some maltodextrin is added for an optimal tolerance.


Meat : 2.5 mg Iron per 100 g of meat

30 g meat/day 0.75 mg iron per day + 400 ml FCM => 0.99mg Fe: !!!

+ 400 ml GUF => 6.25 mg Fe: ok

50 g meat/day 1.25 mg iron perday + 400 ml FCM => 1.49 mg Fe: !!! + 400 ml GUF => 6.75 mg Fe: ok

IRONmg/DAY DRI 2 x 200 ml

IRON 7 mg/dGUF FCM

5.5 mg/d 0.24 mg/d

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most widespread illness due to intake deficiency around the world based on a UNICEF report!


COPPERDRI (µg/d) 2 x 200 ml

340 µg/d FCM26 µg

GUF282µg

40 g (lamb, chicken, fish, beef) => 120 µg + FCM => 146 µg/d !!!

+ GUF => 402 µg/d ok

Cu is a co-factor of oxydation enzymes that intervenes in the collagene on elastin synthesis.

Lack of Cu - poor cartilages quality - poor bones mineralization - poor immunity


VITAMIN DDRI (µg/d) 2 x 200 ml

5.0FCM GUF

0.36 5.3

3 years old children usual food : 350 g

(Vit. D in fish, cheese, egg): 40 g 1.2 µg/d

Usual food + FCM => 1.2 µg + 0.36 µg = 1.56 µg Vit. D. !!!

Usual food + GUF => 1.2 µg + 5.3 µg = 6.5 µg Vit. D.: OK


VITAMIN EDRI 2 x 200 ml.

6 IU/dFCM GUF

0.4 IU/d 3.6 IU/d

Usual food : 1 year old baby: 1.9 IU3 years old baby: 2.7 IU

1 year: 1.9 IU + 0.4 IU (FCM) => 2.3 IU/d !!! 1.9IU + 3.6 IU (GUF) => 5.5 IU/d ok

3 years: 2.7 IU + 0.4 IU (FCM) => 3.1 IU/d !!! 2.7 IU + 3.6 IU (GUF) => 6.3 IU/d ok

Cell membranes anti-oxydant. Neutralizes free radicals that create toxic lipidic peroxydes Intervenes in platelets aggregations.


Full cream milk is not adapted to

1-3 yrs?

Too high Pro=> risk of overweight & renal failure later stage

older babymore FCM varies from breast milk in Pro. Composition

FCM contains few ω6 & ω3 risk of impaired crain & retina development, intellectual & neurobiological functtions,retrded growth, slow scarring, hair desquamation

1-3 yrs can show- intolerance to FCM- rejection of FC for a matter of taste

High risk of iron deficiency anemia & othe iron defeciency symptoms( low resistance to effort, drowsiness, weakness, vertigo, lack of appetite, weigh gain delay)

• Why Junior Formulas adapted to 1-3 yrs?

• Adequate Pro quality=> lower risk of overweight & renal failure later stage

• Junior Formulas has an AA profile identical to that breast feeding milk

• More secure growth, brain & retina development, intellectual & neurological functions.

• Junior Formulas are:-well tolerated- is tasty

• 12


Cu: FCM is very poor.

=> Poor cartilage quality, bone mineralization and immunity deficiency.

Vit. D.: far from requirements

=> Weak bones and teeth mineralization, rickets.

Vit. E: Negative effect on fats

Junior Formulas have been widely supplemented

=> Strong joints and bones, excellent immunity.

Vit. D: strong bones and teeth also thanks to the appropriate Ca intake.

Vit. E: protects body tissues integrity, helps in hemostasis.

Full cream milk is not adapted to

1-3 yrs?

• Why Junior Formulas adapted to 1-3 yrs?


Why not Full Cream Milk?• The composition of milk is specific to the needs of each species.

Nutritional needs vary considerably from one species to another. Young animals have a much faster growth rate than that of small children. Young calves are able to walk after only a few days, and this is far from the case with babies. The composition of milk produced by each animal species is different and therefore corresponds to the needs of its young. This is why FCM is extremely rich in proteins and mineral salts.

• Breast milk, for its part, is very low in proteins and low in mineral salts, whilst it is rich in amino acids and fatty acids deemed to be essential for humans, as they do not have the ability to produce them and must consequently garner them from their diet.

• FCM is not therefore suitable in the diet of small children.

Preparations for infants are mostly produced using FCM as a basis. The FCM undergoes a large number of modifications and enrichments in order to imitate breast milk as closely as possible.

Martine Robert, Head of Nutrition Department, Queen Fabiola Children Hospital, Brussels Free University, Belgium


Conclusion

For children 1 – 3 years old, Full Cream Milk cannot be

considered as a suitable nutritional complement to

diversified usual food: FCM is produced for calves…

Opposite, a suitable Growing-Up Formula has been

developed and carefully formulated to complement usual

food, taking into account the intake concentration of each

ingredient in order to meet all requirements for an optimal

growth and development of babies of that age.


Special thanks to


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Why full cream milk is not suitable