Leukemia Cancer Treatment in India

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Leukemia Treatment

Leukemia is a cancer of blood cells. It begins in the bone marrow, the soft tissues inside most bones. Most often, it is a cancer of white blood cells, but some types of leukemia also starts in other blood cells types. It produces abnormal white blood cells, called leukemia cells. These abnormal blood cells grow faster than normal blood cells and do not stop when they should.

There are several types of Leukemia. In general, Leukemia can be grouped into two broad categories:

a) Acute or Chronic: Acute Leukemia gets worse very fast & may make us feel sick right away. Chronic Leukemia gets worse slowly & may not cause symptoms for years.b) Lymphocytic or Myelogenous: Lymphocytic leukemia affects white blood cells. Myelogenous leukemia affects white blood cells called myelocytes.

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Types of Leukemia include

• Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL)• Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)• Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)• Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Signs & Symptoms of Leukemia

• Common Symptoms of acute or chronic leukemia may include:• Swelling and pain on the left side of the abdomen• Swollen lymph nodes that usually don't hurt• Frequent bleeding from the gums or rectum, heavy menstrual bleeding• Feeling Weak or tired• Weight Loss or loss of appetite for no known reason• Fever or Night Sweats• Bone pain




Diagnosis of Leukemia

If a person has symptoms that suggest leukemia, the doctor may do a physical exam and ask about the patient's personal and family medical history. The doctor also may order laboratory tests, especially blood tests.

The exams and tests may include the following:

Physical exam - The doctor checks for swelling of the lymph nodes, spleen, and liver.

Blood tests - The lab checks the level of blood cells. Leukemia causes a very high level of white blood cells. It also causes low levels of platelets and hemoglobin, which is found inside red blood cells. The lab also may check the blood for signs that leukemia has affected the liver and kidneys.

Biopsy - The doctor removes some bone marrow from the hipbone or another large bone. A pathologist examines the sample under a microscope. The removal of tissue to look for cancer cells is called a biopsy. A biopsy is the only sure way to know whether leukemia cells are in the bone marrow.




There are two ways the doctor can obtain bone marrow. Some patients will have both procedures:o Bone marrow aspiration: The doctor uses a needle to remove samples of

bone marrow.o Bone marrow biopsy: The doctor uses a very thick needle to remove a small

piece of bone and bone marrow.

Cytogenetics - The lab looks at the chromosomes of cells from samples of peripheral blood, bone marrow, or lymph nodes.

Spinal tap - The doctor removes some of the cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid that fills the spaces in and around the brain and spinal cord). The doctor uses a long, thin needle to remove fluid from the spinal column. The procedure takes about 30 minutes and is performed with local anesthesia. The patient must lie flat for several hours afterward to keep from getting a headache. The lab checks the fluid for leukemia cells or other signs of problems.

Chest x-ray - The x-ray can reveal signs of disease in the chest.




Leukemia Treatment Options Available at Best Hospital in India

Leukemia is not a single disease. Instead, the term leukemia refers to a number of related cancers that start in the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow. There are both acute and chronic forms of leukemia, each with many subtypes that vary in their response to treatment. In addition, children with leukemia have special needs that are best met by care in pediatric cancer centers.

In general, there are five major approaches to the treatment of leukemia:

• Chemotherapy to kill leukemia cells using strong anti-cancer drugs.• Interferon therapy to slow the reproduction of leukemia cells and promote the immune system's anti-leukemia activity.• Radiation therapy to kill cancer cells by exposure to high-energy radiation.• Stem cell transplantation (SCT) to enable treatment with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation therapy and Surgery to remove an enlarged spleen or to install a venous access device (large plastic tube) to give medications and withdraw blood samples.




Stem cell transplantation

Younger patients that are at high risk for dying from CLL might consider hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Autologous stem cell transplantation, a lower-risk form of treatment using the patient's own blood cells, is not curative. Myeloablative (bone marrow killing) forms of allogeneic stem cell transplantation, a high-risk treatment using blood cells from a healthy donor, may be curative for some patients, but most patients cannot tolerate the treatment. An intermediate level, called reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation, may be better tolerated by older or frail patients.




Biological Therapy : Biological therapy, also referred to as immunotherapy, involves the treatment with those substances that affect the ability of an immune system to kill cancer cells. Monoclonal antibodies and interferon are the two types of biological therapy. The purpose of monoclonal antibodies is to stick to cancer cells in order to draw the attention of the immune system to these cancer cells. On the other hand, interferon helps in stimulating the immune system so as to destroy the cancer cells. These two options are generally used for chronic leukemia instead of acute leukemia.

Radiotherapy : Radiotherapy, also known as radiation therapy, makes use of energy rays such as X-rays for stopping the growth and multiplication of the cancer cells. This energy is directed at any particular part of the body such as the spleen or also to the entire body.




FAQ – Leukemia Treatment in India Should everyone get a second opinion for leukemia?Many people with cancer get a second opinion from another doctor. There are many reasons to do this. Here are some:

• A person is not comfortable with the treatment decision.• The cancer is a rare type.• There is more than 1 way to treat the cancer.

What are the different types of leukemia?A: Leukemia is labeled as either acute or chronic. And it grows in either the myeloid cells or the lymphoid cells.




Is it safe to get leukemia Treatment in India?The medical fraternity in India is famed for excellence, and leads in Cancer surgeries. Thousands of cancer operations are performed in India each year with maximum success rate, making the safety obvious.

How to find the Best leukemia Treatment in India?As there are many top class surgeons in India, finding the best can be tricky. Send us your medical report and we will choose from among the best surgeons most suitable for your condition.




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Leukemia Cancer Treatment in India