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Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in
RINA Networks with ΔQ
Sergio Leon(1), Jordi Perelló(1), Davide Careglio(1), Eduard Grasa(2), Miquel Tarzan(2), Neil Davies(3) and Peter Thompson (3)
(1) Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) (2) Fundació Privada i2CAT (i2CAT) (3) Predictable Network Solutions
* This research has been funded by the European Project FP7 PRISTINE, as well as the Spanish National project SUNSET.
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Summary
Applications and their requirements
A quick look at RINA
QoS in RINA
RINA and ΔQ scheduling policies
Scenario description
Numerical results
Conclusions
2
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Applications and their requirements
Application requirements have evolved over time:
Limits on delay and acceptable jitter
Possibility and distribution of acceptable losses
Secure flows
Etc.
IP with TCP/UDP does not fulfil current requirements
Other solutions based on IP neither!
Next generation networks should be able to get and fulfil QoS requirements at each layer
Here comes RINA
3
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
A quick look at RINA(1/2)
RINA : Recursive InterNetworking Architecture
Key idea:
“Networking is Inter Process
Communication (IPC) and only IPC”
What it really is:
Clean-slate recursive Internet model
Same type of layer, Distributed IPC Facility (DIF), at each level
All DIFs share the same functionality
Even so, each DIF can be fully configured via policies
Each DIF may provide full support for a wide range of QoS
4
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
A quick look at RINA(2/2)
Each IPC Process (IPCP) shares the same API
Upper IPCP and applications use that to request flows with specific QoS requirements
5
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
QoS in RINA
Multiple QoS Cubes available at each DIF
QoS Cubes define measures like:
Minimum quality provided:
• Maximum delay and jitter
• Probability of loss (0 if reliable)
• Minimum bandwidth
Maximum quality provided:
• Maximum bandwidth
• Maximum supported burst and duration
Additional capabilities:
• Flow security
• Cost and assurance on overbooked scenarios
6
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
RINA and ΔQ scheduling policies(1/4)
Scheduling is the main way to ensure short-term QoS requirements
In particular, when performing scheduling, 3 measures become tightly linked:
Delay / Losses / Bandwidth
Three parameters: only two degrees of freedom!
In RINA, QoS Cubes provide simple bandwidth constraints
And requirements in terms of delay and losses
Just what we need for ΔQ-aware scheduling policies
7
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
RINA and ΔQ scheduling policies(2/4)
ΔQ scheduling policies focus on sharing unavoidable degradation
How much added delay a packet/flow suffers?
How probable is it that packets are dropped?
What will the throughput of a flow be?
ΔQ scheduling policies merge:
Multiplexing (Cherish/Urgency matrix)
Flow shaping Cherish 1 Cherish 2 Cherish 3
Urgency 1 A1 A2 A3
Urgency 2 B1 B2 B3
Urgency 3 C1 C2 C3
8
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
RINA and ΔQ scheduling policies(3/4)
ΔQ manages inter-flow contention
Cherish/Urgency multiplexor per output port
Shared buffer between all flows
Capacity to discard an incoming packet given the flow cherish level and global occupation
Serve based on urgency
Shares degradation between flows given their QoS
9
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
RINA and ΔQ scheduling policies(4/4)
ΔQ manages intra-flow contention
Policer/Shaper per flow, QoS, set of flows, etc.
Shaping long bursts and spacing packets avoids the starvation of low requirement flows
Policing ensures that flows behave as contracted
10
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Scenario Description(1/2)
Inter-datacenter communication between multiple network domains
QoS has to be supported at each layer
Particularly in backbone networks
11
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Scenario Description(2/2)
Our focus is a small backbone network of 10 nodes
It supports traffic
Internet traffic: Best-effort traffic (BE) and Urgent traffic (sBE)
Inter-DC traffic: Urgent traffic (GU) and non-urgent (SN)
Inter-DC traffic is more valuable, but with same urgencies
12
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Numerical results(1/2)
ΔQ policies allows us to ensure minimum or even null losses for high-priority traffic even at 150% link capacity
Latency can be also contained for urgent traffic, independently of their losses
13
C/U + Cherish ··· - Cherish
+ Urgent GU sBE
- Urgent SN BE
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Numerical results(2/2)
Compared to existing IP-based solutions:
Losses can be gracefully shared between QoS classes. as well as latency and jitter
This means that:
Degradation is not equally shared between flows
Nor does it concentrate in the lowest priority classes only!
14
Weighted Fair QueueBaseline Best-Effort
UPC
Sergio Leon, Jordi Perelló, Davide Careglio, Eduard Grasa, Miquel Tarzan, Neil Davies and Peter Thompson, “Assuring QoS Guarantees for Heterogeneous Services in RINA Networks with ΔQ”
Conclusions
Assuring QoS guarantees is a requirement for future networks
Not only that, but a way to inform and maintain these requirements between layers
RINA provides a model capable of fully supporting QoS for current and future application requirements
In this regard, ΔQ scheduling policies provide a way to effectively ensure QoS guarantees, even in overloaded scenarios
15
Thanks. Questions?
The authors of this work would like to thank all members of the PRISTINE Project consortium for the valuable
discussions and inputs