Lean ontology development

Ontology Development

..the Lean way

Lieke Verhelst MSc

Linked Data Factory

2

www.linkeddatafactory.comCC-BY-SA

Lessons learned in collaborative semantic modelling

Start Finish

AgendaT h e s t a g e

Lean = value for the customer

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Use casesS e m a n t i c t e c h n o l o g y

Identify Compare

Match

Integrate

Relate

Transform

Find

Understand (human)

Evaluate Logic

(machine)

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Integrate, transform

Model complexityU s e C a s e R e q u i r e m e n t s

Identify

Understand (human)

Match, compare

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Very Simple ModelM o d e l C o m p l e x i t y

UID-1

Book @en

“A printed work..” @en

UID-2

Dog @en

“Animal with...” @en

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UID-1

Book @en

“A printed work..” @en

Thesaurus ModelM o d e l C o m p l e x i t y

UID-2

Fiction @en

UID-3

Nonfiction @en

UID-A

Novel @en

UID-163

Magazine @en

“.. often illustrated ..” @en

BROADER/NARROWER

MATCHRELATED

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UID-71

Ontology ModelM o d e l C o m p l e x i t y

UID-12

Topic @en

UID-B

Publisher @en

UID-A

Novel @en

UID-2

Author @en

Audience @en

hasTopic

UID-1

Book @en

has Author min 1

hasPublisher

hasAuthor

hasAudience

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IdentifyUnderstand

(human)Relate Compare/Match Transform All

URI strategy URI strategy …… …… …… …… …… …… Skills

Meaningful, meaningless

Meaningful, meaningless …… …… …… …… …… …… Tools

Labels (preferred, alternative) …… …… …… Restrictions Environments

Language Relation definition Type Propagation Datatype definition Resources

Definition Relation direction Equality SPARQL Construct Users

Relation semantics Inference Rules Targets

Technical DesignU s e C a s e R e q u i r e m e n t s

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Integrate, transform

Model strategyU s e C a s e R e q u i r e m e n t s

Identify

Understand (human)

Match, compare, infer

BRIDGE THIS GAP!

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Identify

Tasks

Design URI strategy

Decide on identifiers

(meaningful,

meaningless)

Register and

document

Phase 1

Describe

Tasks

Name it

Translate it

Define it

Phase 2

Relate

Tasks

Relate it

Relate it

Relate it

Phase 3

Design

Tasks

Refine relations

Redefine hierarchy

Bridge SKOS and OWL

Patterns

Phase 4

Code

Tasks

Refine relations

Define datatypes

Code conversions

Write rules

Phase 5

Incremental designM o d e l S t r a t e g y

MOST EFFORT (SME’s)!

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01Identifiers

List of

identifiers and

e.g. link to picture

Simple API

02Names

Items have definite

pref., alt. names and

translations

DeliveryI n c r e m e n t a l D e s i g n

03Items defined and

related in

thesaurus model (SKOS)

Relations

04Separate OWL model with

more specific relations

and hierarchy.

OWL-SKOS mapping Instances

05OWL model with

datatypes, restrictions

and rulesTransformations

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Tools

• Off the shelf available

• Open source available

• Tool selection by experienced staff

Change

• Change management process

• Change of model

• Change in data

• When ready for use?

Use

• Learning by using

• Incremental improvements

• User feedback

Skills

• Targeted training

• Separation of concern

• Modeling guidelines available (e.g. ISO 25964 - thesaurus)

Communicate

• Change management

• Methods for access

• User feedback

Practical issuesM o d e l S t r a t e g y

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THANK YOU, are there any Questions?

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Lean ontology development