A PRESENTATION ON ORDER ORTHOPTERA

Submitted to –Dr. Menna Agnihotri Asst. ProfessorDept. of Entomology

PRESENTED BY PUSPENDRA SINGH (45480)RAJVEER (45664)

Orthoptera

Synonyms : Saltatoria, saltatoptera

Etymology : Ortho – straight; ptera – wing Common name : Grasshoppers, Locust, katydid, Cricket, Mole cricket

General character Medium to large sized insect. Antenna is filiform. Mouthparts are mandibulate. Prothorax is large. Pronotum is curved, ventrally covering the pleural region. Hind legs are saltatorial. Forewing is leathery, thickened and known as tegmina. They are capable of bending without breaking. Hind wing are membranous with large anal area. The are folded by longitudinal pleats between veins and kept beneath the tegmina.

Cont...

Cerci are short and un-segmented.Ovipositor is well developed in female.In many orthoptera is newly hatched first instars nymphs are covered by loose cuticle and are called pronymphs.Wing pads of nymphs undergo reversal during development.Specialised stridulatory (sound-producing) and auditory (hearing) organs are present.

Suborder : Caelifera Family : (1) Acrididae

Suborder : Ensifera

Family : (1) Tettigonidae (2) Grylllidae (3) Gryllotalpidae

Family : Acrididae

•Antennae is short.•Tarsus is 3 segmented.•Ovipositor is short and horny.•Tympanum is located one on either side of the first abdominal segment.•Sound is produced by femoro – alary mechanism.•eg. Short horned grasshopperand locust.

Family : Acrididae

Genus - HyroglyphusSpecies – nigroriplatesDOC – 01/04/2014POC - CRC

Family :Tettigonidae

•Antennae is long, slender as long as or longer than the body.•Tarsus is four segmented.•Ovipositor is sword like.•Auditory organs are in fore tibiae.•In each fore tibiae a pair oftympanums present.•Sound production is alary type.Eg: long horned grasshopper,Katydids, bush crickets.

Family :Tettigonidae

Family : Gryllidae

•Tarsus is four segmented.•Ovipositor is slender and needle like.•Forewing are abruptly bent down to cover the sides of body.•Hind wings are acuminate.•Cerci are long and un-segmented.•Auditory and stridulatory organs are similar to the long hornedgrasshopper.•The produce a shrill chirpingnoise during night.•Eg: Gryllus spp.

CricketFamily - GryllidaeScientific name – Gryllus spp.DOC – 01/05/2014POC – shivalik hostle

Family :Gryllotalpidae•They are brown coloured insects found inside

the burrow.•Eyes are reduced.•Pronotum is elongated, ovate and rounded posterior.•Forelegs are fossorial.•Tibiae are expanded.• hind wing are extended beyond thetegmina as a pair of processes.•Special stridulatory organs areabsent.•A pair of tympanum is foundunder surface of the tibiae.•Ovipositor is vestigial.•Eg: mole cricket.

Mole cricketFamily – GryllotalpidaeGenus – GryllotalpaSpecies – africanaDOC – 01/05/2014POC - CRC

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