Handset Design for Digital India Initiative

Handset Hardware Design Development

Digital India Initiative - smart phone for masses

Presented as a outcome of 45 days Handset Design training in Taiwan

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Mobile Handset hardware Design Development Training @ Taiwan 2

Agenda • Team introduction• a booming economy- India• Smartphone for Digital India• Product features • Hardware design• Key part selection, schematic, MediaTek Module Design, memory, Sensor

• Product specification• Conclusion• Q & A


India at glance… 1.26 billion strong human economy. Tele-density ~80% whereas urban areas has about 153.02% and

rural around 50.33%. Some metros has more than 200% tele-density.

More than 1000 million# telecom users 204 million smartphone users (more then USA.) Still Smartphone penetration is under 20% Very impressive 28% CAGR* for the period 2013-2017 More than 50% mobile-only* Internet users

* KPMG IAMAI Mobile internet vision 2017 # TRAI India

a booming economy


Smartphone based Internet Economy• Realising Digital India dreams thru smartphone• Using Internet to access basic G2C services like tax

payment, licence registration or renewal, passport, birth/death registration, etc.• smartphones to be made within reach of a common-man.


paperless, cashless, presence-less system for India

• "People will use mobile wallets rather than cards or cash to make payments for their day-to-day shopping "

• Jitendra Gupta founder, Citrus Pay

• Market for mobile-enabled payments in India grew more than fifteen times between 2012 and 2015 to reach its current size of $1.4bn (£979m). by GrowthPraxis BBC• 200 million registered mobile wallet accounts • More than 1 lac bank branches but less then 20% in rural India • "person-to-person money transfer will be a real game changer"


Leapfrogging India • ~100 million citizens has been issued Aadhaar • Aadhaar authentication enrollment process was introduced in 2010

has fingerprint and Iris-based authentication technology • Recently caught the imagination of the smartphone makers. • "Iris is going to help with accuracy," Piyush Peshwani* . "People

who do a lot of manual work with their hands — their fingerprint actually wears off, but the iris is something that still remains."• Pain areas • Mumbai's 250,000 rickshaws, barely 10% accept electronic payment.

* Piyush worked in building the Aadhaar platform from 2011 to 2013


Leapfrogging India …• India is mobile first market• India is leapfrogging the traditional retail landscape for e-commerce,

says Kunal Bahl, CEO of Snapdeal.• India’s E-commerce landscape is about 15-20% which is much above

the rest of the world stats.• Online market is valued at $6.5 billion *• Posted 90% YoY growth in its gross merchandise value

* Kunal Bahl speaking to CNBC


Aadhaar-compliant device• Korean manufacturer Samsung having 25% share of Indian

smartphone market in India according to IDC — is the only company with an Aadhaar-approved device currently on the market. • The Galaxy Tab Iris costs around $200 and features the sort of iris-

recognition technology the government would like to see embedded in all devices aimed at the Indian market


Aadhaar-compliant device …• Indian fintech startup Simpal is developing ‘OctoPOS’ a sub-

$100 Android device that incorporates iris recognition technology. • Device is being manufactured in China.• OctoPOS, combines the capabilities of a smartphone and a

payment device, designed for both consumers and merchants.• OctoPOS iris scanning engine has been certified by STQC Labs• OctoPOS also has an integrated Near Field Communications

chip that can accept any RFID and contact list cards

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Smart Phone to fulfill Digital India Dreams

• Android based smart phone• RGB IR camera sensor for IRIS based authentication

for Aadhaar enabled monetary transactions• Finger print sensor for Aadhaar authentication• Braille enabled accessories for physical challenged • Five figure Multitouch, Panic button


Smart Phone to fulfill Digital India Dreams• Android based smart phone in USD $100 category• Best of the class SoC– MediaTek MT6737 • CPU – ARM Cortex-A53,1.25GHz, 4 core• GPU – ARM Mali-T720 MP2, 600MHz• RAM – 2 GB, 640 MHz• Storage – 16 GB• Display – 5in, IPS 720 x 1280 pixels 24 bit• Battery – 3100mAh Non-removable Li-Po • Modem : LTE FDD/TDD R9 CAT4 DC-HSPA+, TD-SCDMA/

EDGE, CDMA 2000• Positioning – GPS, A-GPS• Connectivity : WLAN/BT/FM/GPS • Dimensions – 78 x 156 x 8.9 mm• Dual SIM


Google’s Android – Operating System

• Open source OS having Linux kernel• Wide range of tools and apps (~2.2 million)• Google chrome, maps, wide variety of apps support• Google wallet, NFC support• Google Now/Assistant• Market leader, with industry

standard devices support microSD card, charging, etc

Period Android iOS Windows Phone

2015 Q4 79.6% 18.7% 1.2%

2016 Q1 83.5% 15.4% 0.8%

2016 Q2 87.6% 11.7% 0.4%

2016 Q3 86.8% 12.5% 0.3%

5 year CAGR (forecast)

4.6% 1.0% -48.6%

Source: IDC, Nov 2016


Hardware MT6737 System block

eMCP

eMMC

LPDDR3/LPDDR2

EMI/32bMSDC 0/8b

Mediatek MT6737

CA 53- 1.25 GHz

Application 2G/EDGE/WCDMA/ TDS/LTE Modem

CDMA Modem (MD3)

WiFi/Bluetooth/GPS

GPUARM T720 MP1

CA 53- 1.25 GHz

CA 53- 1.25 GHz

CA 53- 1.25 GHz

28 nm SOC

SIM Card 1

SIM Card 2

PMIC + Audio Codec MT6328

Fast Pulse Charger

RTC / Backup Battery

Micro USB

Receiver

Mic1/Mic2

3.5mm Stereo Audio Jack

Vibrator

Speaker

I2SSPI

USB 2.0

2M Sub camera

with IRIS

13M camera I2Cx

MIPI CSI

MIPI CSI

HD (MIPI interface)

LCM Capacitive Touch Screen

CTP controller I2Cx

MIPI DSI

NFCMT6605

T-FlashAccelerometer

ALS+PS Sensor

Gyro Sensor

Magnetometer

I2Cx

I2Cx

MSDC

Transceiver MT6169

Connectivity RF MT6625L

BT/WiFi/FM/GPS

RF FEMor

ASM

Power Amplifier

BT/WiFi/FM/GPS Antenna

Tuner

Tuner

LTEAntenna

C2K/RXDAntenna

BSI

I/Q

I/QI/QI/Q

Rx Tx

FE MIPI

FE MIPI

FE MIPI


Chipset and key component list

SensorM Sensor AKM8963Gyro Sensor L3G4200DProximity sensor CM36652Accelerometer MC3413

Item Part NumberAP MT6737PMIC MT6328Transceiver MT6169 & MT6158Connectivity MT6630Memory 16GB MT29TZZZ8D5JKEZB-107

Rear camera 13MP IMX135Front camera 2MP with IRIS sensor

OV2281

RF H/M/L PA SKY77643RF TXM SKY77910


MT6737 features


MT6737 features …Power/Performance Optimization as a SoC :Application-specific SoC design• Reduced memory bandwidth & frequency• Mixing High / Low Voltage transistors• Twisting floorplan, routing, clock tree design• Power gating/Clock gating/DVFS• Four modes: Run, Standby, Dormant, Shutdown• Fine-grained pipeline shutdown• Faster register save and restore (state save/

restore)• Power domains & voltage domains

• MT6737 promises a 10-20% increase in performance

• 25% more efficient battery use• 52% improved battery

efficiency during idle mode.• 20~34% better GPU

Performance.


Distribution of CPU Clock Speed1.0 GHz to 1.3 GHz18.8% Frequency

Most competitive PCBA Cost

MT6737 features


Average Clock Speed By CPU Core Count

4 CoresAverage CPU Clock speed 1.77 GHz

The average clock speed by manufacturer

http://system-on-a-chip.specout.com/

MediatekAverage CPU Clock speed

1.77 GHz

MT6737 features


embedded Multimedia Card (eMMC)

An eMMC Flash device is a non-volatile, rewritable mass storage device. It is used in consumer products such as mobile phones, PDAs, and digital cameras. Reasons why eMMC Flash devices have become widespread include:

eMMC Advantage High data storage capacity Easy to integrate into the host

system fast time-to-market high performance future-proof design multi-source availability The eMMC standard developed

by the MMCA and the JEDEC is an open, royalty-free standard.


MT29TZZZ8D5JKEZB-107 - Micron• Capacity: 8GB: eMMC and 8Gb: 1 x 8Gb

LPDDR3 • Advanced 12-signal interface• The eMMC and Mobile LPDRAM

devices are packaged with separate interfaces

• Adjustable clock frequency & stop capabilities.

• Hardware reset signal.• e.MMC I/F clock frequency: 0 to 200

MHz


Biometric Sensors RGB IR Camera & Finger Print


Motivation

• Still Majority of Indians are in Remote and Not Connected to mainstream.• Not aware and not able to access many of the services.• Proving identity first step towards accessing public services• Need to Improve governance.• Illegal immigration


The objective of Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) is to collect the biometric and demographic data of residents and issue a 12-digit unique identity number called Aadhaar to each resident. It is considered the world's largest national identification number project.

UID

Power of identity

Enhanced access to services

Direct benefits to

poor

Reach out to marginal

groups

Eases mobility

• UID mandate: • Better public service delivery• Financial inclusion• Transparency

Biometric Identity


G2C services based on Aadhaar

26

Product Specifications RGB IR

Mobile Handset hardware Design Development Training @ Taiwan

Part Number OV02281-GA4AResolution 1080pChroma B&WAnalog / Digital Digital

Power RequirementActive: 126 mWStandby: 166 µWXSHUTDOWN: 1 µW

Temperature RangeStable image: -20°C to +60°C junction temperatureOperating: -30°C to +85°C junction temperature

Interface MIPI serial output interface Output Format 10-bit B&W RAW dataOptical Format 1/7.5"

Frame RateFull @ 30 fps1080p @ 60 fps1080x1920 @ 30 fps

Pixel Size 1.12 µmImage Area 2214 x 2214 µmPackage COB, RWPackage Dimensions 4050 x 3400.2 µm


IR Sensor - Advantage• Save Space• Save Cost• Avoid Parallax error• Improve Reliability• Detect High Speed Gesture• Add security feature

RGB IR

Finger Print


FPC1025 Touch Fingerprint Sensor- FPC1025

● High scratch resistance and glossiness● Compact size● High accuracy of authentication● 360° readability● Supports Finger FlashTM.


Key Parts Selection -sensors

• M Sensor- AK09911• 3-axis electronic compass IC with high sensitive Hall

sensor technology.• Built-in A to D Converter for magnetometer data out• · 14-bit data out for each 3 axis magnetic

components

• Gyro Sensor-ITG1010 • Monolithic X-, Y-, Z-Axis angular rate sensor (gyros)

integrated circuit.• Fast Mode (400kHz) I 2C serial interface.• 16-bit ADCs for digitizing sensor outputs.• FIFO can be accessed through both I2 C and SPI

interfaces.• On-chip timing generator clock frequency ±1% drift

over full temperature range.• Flexible VDDIO reference voltage allows for multiple I

2 C and SPI interface voltage levels• VDD supply voltage range of 1.71 V to 3.6V

AK09911

ITG1010


Key Parts Selection -sensors• Accelerometer- MC3410

• low-noise, integrated digital output 3-axis accelerometer.• internal sample rate is fixed at 1024 samples / second..• Low-noise architecture minimizes false triggering.• I2C interface, up to 400 kHz

• RGB / PS Sensor-CM36652• Operates CS and PS in parallel structure• Low power consumption I2C (SMBus Compatible)

Interface• Linearity CS response for easy design• Spectrum close to real human eye responses• Selectable Maximum detection range

(1442\2884\5768\11536) lux withhighest sensitivity 0.022 lux/step

• Immunity to red glow (940 nm IR LED)• Programmable ILED sink current• Intelligent cancellation to reduce cross talk phenomenon• Smart persistence scheme to reduce PS response time

CM36652

Block dia- MC3410

MC3410


Braille TouchRajesh


Braille Touch – enabled smart phone

“India is now home to the world's largest number of blind people. Of the 37 million people across the globe who are blind, over 15 million are from India”

Times of India

• Top 5 smart Phones For Blind – 2016 – But none support brail


Why & Why not Braille on smart phone ?To read without braille, a person who is blind is entirely dependent on computers with voice synthesizers or audio recording, neither of which is useful in every circumstance. (CNIB) Braille brings sight to the visually impaired and blind.-Indian Association for Blind

Braille reader accessary

• Low cost brail reader support for smart phone• Reliable brail reader which supports all basic smart phone platform“On a basic 5” touch screen with brail pad we can able provide minimum up to 30 odd features without Multiplexing the keys”


Braille Pad

Working PrincipleStep 1:

Paste the brail screen guard pad Step 2:

Enable the brail app to activate the brail android app during startup

Step3:Follow the GUI and braille pad key pad options for obtaining the service


Braille GUIMain Menu:For selecting major services•Make / Receive call• Send / Receive SMS•Panic button•Media service • Surfing internet• Location tracking• Social media service


How to Fix Braille Pad on Smart phone?• The standard Braille pad can be easily made as a part of screen guard with out much change in price.Two innovative ideas are presenting as a part of this presentation1. Make the brail pad print on the screen guard • Advantage – Transparent and no additional attachment is required

2. Make the pad on standard braille supported transparent paper and paste it on the screen guard• Advantage more efficient touch for the blind user


Demo & Development process• We have designed and developed the braille pad prototype and Android

application/ driver for testing the feature• Software / Hardware Tools for application development:• Android App inventor from MIT Labs

• Test setup:• Make a phone call using Braille pad:• Braille pad pasted on MediaTek6737 based Wind phone• Synchronized with online MIT App inventor tool and downloaded the

App to smartphone• Result: Made a phone call successfully with the help of braille pad


Conclusion• Medium for supporting various G2C Aadhaar

based services.• Economical solution for providing socio-

economic equivalence to visually impaired. • Digidhan smartphone under USD $100

category. • Leads to good governance for all.