Monarchy. Prime Minister. Central Government. Cabinet. Government Departments. Civil Service. The Parliament. House of Commons. House of Lords. Local Authorities.

Monarchy. Prime Minister. Central Government. Cabinet. Government Departments. Civil Service. The Parliament. House of Commons. House of Lords. Local Authorities.

Monarchy and the Government

Monarchy and the Government

Oldest institution of government. Head of State and the Commonwealth The Queen appoints

Governor-General Prime minister All other ministers

Sovereignty English Bill of Rights in 1689 Parliamentary Sovereignty

Nowadays Ceremonial role 3 essential rights weekly confidential meetings

Oldest institution of government. Head of State and the Commonwealth The Queen appoints

Governor-General Prime minister All other ministers

Sovereignty English Bill of Rights in 1689 Parliamentary Sovereignty

Nowadays Ceremonial role 3 essential rights weekly confidential meetings

It is formed by:Prime Minister

The Cabinet

Government Departments Ministers in charge of each department

It is formed by:Prime Minister

The Cabinet

Government Departments Ministers in charge of each department

Central GovernmentCentral Government

The Prime MinisterThe Prime Minister

Political leader democratically elected. First Lord of the Treasury Minister for the Civil Service

Unique position of authority Majority support in the House of the Commons Power among ministers (appoints, dismisses and allocates

functions) Presides over the cabinet Informs the Queen

Supported by prime Minister’s Office Provides policy advice Tracks the delivery of the Government commitments and

initiatives Ensures effective communication (Parliament, media and public)

Political leader democratically elected. First Lord of the Treasury Minister for the Civil Service

Unique position of authority Majority support in the House of the Commons Power among ministers (appoints, dismisses and allocates

functions) Presides over the cabinet Informs the Queen

Supported by prime Minister’s Office Provides policy advice Tracks the delivery of the Government commitments and

initiatives Ensures effective communication (Parliament, media and public)

The CabinetThe Cabinet

Consists of about 20 ministers chosen by the Prime Minister.

Holds part of the executive power. Takes the final decisions. Their Meetings are private and

confidential. Cabinet Committees.

Take some full Cabinet’s pressure among smaller groups of people.

Defence and overseas policy Economic policy Home and social affairs The environment Local Government

Consists of about 20 ministers chosen by the Prime Minister.

Holds part of the executive power. Takes the final decisions. Their Meetings are private and

confidential. Cabinet Committees.

Take some full Cabinet’s pressure among smaller groups of people.

Defence and overseas policy Economic policy Home and social affairs The environment Local Government

Government DepartmentsGovernment Departments

Main role: to implement Government policy and to advice ministers

Staffed by politically impartial civil servants

Receive funding from money provided by the parliament

Most department headed by ministersNon-ministerial departments headed

by senior civil servants

Main role: to implement Government policy and to advice ministers

Staffed by politically impartial civil servants

Receive funding from money provided by the parliament

Most department headed by ministersNon-ministerial departments headed

by senior civil servants

Government DepartmentsGovernment Departments1. Ministry of Justice2. Department for Culture, Media and Sport3. Home Office4. Department of Health5. Foreign and Commonwealth Office6. Department for Transport7. Department for Children, Schools and Families8. Department for Innovation, Universities and Skills9. Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform 10. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs11. HM Treasury12. Northern Ireland Office13. Privy Council14. Wales Office15. Scotland Office16. Department for Work and Pensions17. Department for International Development18. Ministry of Defence19. Department for Communities and Local Government20. Cabinet Office21. Office of the Leader of the House of Commons

MinistersMinisters

Ministers in charge of government departments are usually in the Cabinet.

Ministerial responsibility: Ministers' individual responsibility for the work of

their own departments Collective responsibility: all ministers support

government policy; Once the Government has decided its policy on a particular matter, each minister is expected to support it or resign

Ministers are responsible for the work of their departments and agencies and have a duty to Parliament to answer for their policies, decisions and actions

Ministers in charge of government departments are usually in the Cabinet.

Ministerial responsibility: Ministers' individual responsibility for the work of

their own departments Collective responsibility: all ministers support

government policy; Once the Government has decided its policy on a particular matter, each minister is expected to support it or resign

Ministers are responsible for the work of their departments and agencies and have a duty to Parliament to answer for their policies, decisions and actions

Civil ServiceCivil Service

Role: Carry out the practical and administrative work of Government

Civil servants are politically impartial The duty of Civil Servants is first and foremost

to the minister in charge of the department in which he or she is serving

A change of minister does not involve a change of staff

Civil servants are paid from public founds Teachers are not civil servants Services:

Paying benefits and pensions, running employment services, staffing prisons, issuing driving licences, providing services to industry and agriculture…

Role: Carry out the practical and administrative work of Government

Civil servants are politically impartial The duty of Civil Servants is first and foremost

to the minister in charge of the department in which he or she is serving

A change of minister does not involve a change of staff

Civil servants are paid from public founds Teachers are not civil servants Services:

Paying benefits and pensions, running employment services, staffing prisons, issuing driving licences, providing services to industry and agriculture…

ParliamentParliament

Term means a meeting for parley or discussion. Origins: Medieval kings had to meet all royal expenses

out of their own income. If extra resources were needed the sovereign would seek help from his barons in the Great Council - a gathering of leading men who met several times a year.

1707 brought the Union of England with Scotland

and the first Parliament of Great Britain

Term means a meeting for parley or discussion. Origins: Medieval kings had to meet all royal expenses

out of their own income. If extra resources were needed the sovereign would seek help from his barons in the Great Council - a gathering of leading men who met several times a year.

1707 brought the Union of England with Scotland

and the first Parliament of Great Britain

The main functions of Parliament are to pass laws, to provide - by voting for taxation - the means of carrying out the work of government, to scrutinise Government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure, and to debate the major issues of the day.

Parliament can legislate for the UK as a whole and has powers to legislate for any parts of it separately.

As there are no legal restraints imposed by a written constitution, Parliament may legislate as it pleases as long as the UK meets its obligations as a member of the European Union. It can make or change law, overturn established conventions or turn them into law. It can even legislate to prolong its own life beyond the normal period without consulting the electorate.

The main functions of Parliament are to pass laws, to provide - by voting for taxation - the means of carrying out the work of government, to scrutinise Government policy and administration, including proposals for expenditure, and to debate the major issues of the day.

Parliament can legislate for the UK as a whole and has powers to legislate for any parts of it separately.

As there are no legal restraints imposed by a written constitution, Parliament may legislate as it pleases as long as the UK meets its obligations as a member of the European Union. It can make or change law, overturn established conventions or turn them into law. It can even legislate to prolong its own life beyond the normal period without consulting the electorate.

ParliamentParliament

House of CommonsHouse of Commons

Popularly elected legislative body of the bicameral British Parliament.

The speaker, presides over the Parliament sessions and regulates debates.

646 MP’s — 529 from England.Elected in constituencies, for 5

years. Its legislative powers exceed those

of the Lords.

Popularly elected legislative body of the bicameral British Parliament.

The speaker, presides over the Parliament sessions and regulates debates.

646 MP’s — 529 from England.Elected in constituencies, for 5

years. Its legislative powers exceed those

of the Lords.

House of CommonsHouse of Commons

Powers and Functions.Powers and Functions.

• Passing legislation.• Right to impose taxes and to vote money to the Gov. Departs.• The question period.

• A bill must be read three times in the Commons.• The second reading provides the occasion for debate.• The bill then goes into committees.• The bill is read a third time. Then voted on to become Law.

House of Lords.House of Lords.

AKA “the Lords” is the upper house and second chamber of the Parliament.

Not a fixed number of members. Lords spiritual. Ecclesiastic positions. Lords Temporal. Life. The powers of the modern House of

Lords are extremely limited The revision of bills that the House of

Commons has not formulated in sufficient detail.

Judicial functions “Law Lords”. Civil and criminal cases appeals.

AKA “the Lords” is the upper house and second chamber of the Parliament.

Not a fixed number of members. Lords spiritual. Ecclesiastic positions. Lords Temporal. Life. The powers of the modern House of

Lords are extremely limited The revision of bills that the House of

Commons has not formulated in sufficient detail.

Judicial functions “Law Lords”. Civil and criminal cases appeals.

Local AuthoritiesLocal Authorities

The system of local government is different in the four nations of the United Kingdom.

The system of local government is different in the four nations of the United Kingdom.

England • Regions • Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties • Districts • Civil parish

Scotland Sheriffdoms • Council areas • Community council

Wales Principal areas • Community council

Northern Ireland

• Counties • Districts

The structure of local government varies. In some there are two layers or tiers - a district council and a county council. In others there is just one - a unitary authority.

In addition there could be a town or parish council, covering a much smaller area.

The structure of local government varies. In some there are two layers or tiers - a district council and a county council. In others there is just one - a unitary authority.

In addition there could be a town or parish council, covering a much smaller area.

Local AuthoritiesLocal Authorities

Subdivisions in EnglandSubdivisions in England

9 Regions

9 Regions1. Greater London2. South East3. South West

4. West Midlands5. North West6. North East

7. Yorkshire and the Humber

8. East Midlands9. Eastern

Local AuthoritiesLocal Authorities

Employs over two million people, these local councils undertake an estimated 700 different functions.

Among them: Education, leisure and social services such as housing.

Councils are also run in different ways. You might have a directly elected Mayor, for example, with a cabinet.

In London each borough is a unitary authority, with the Greater London Authority - the Mayor and Assembly - providing strategic, city-wide government

Employs over two million people, these local councils undertake an estimated 700 different functions.

Among them: Education, leisure and social services such as housing.

Councils are also run in different ways. You might have a directly elected Mayor, for example, with a cabinet.

In London each borough is a unitary authority, with the Greater London Authority - the Mayor and Assembly - providing strategic, city-wide government

Local AuthoritiesLocal Authorities

Local AuthoritiesLocal Authorities

In Scotland Provosts. AKA Council managers. Leaders of Town Halls, Councils or City Halls. Mayors are chosen by councillors. Duties of mayors range from ceremonial to

executive. A mayor and cabinet, a council leader and

cabinet, or a mayor and council manager.

In Scotland Provosts. AKA Council managers. Leaders of Town Halls, Councils or City Halls. Mayors are chosen by councillors. Duties of mayors range from ceremonial to

executive. A mayor and cabinet, a council leader and

cabinet, or a mayor and council manager.

MAYORS.

BIBLIOGRAFYBIBLIOGRAFY

Encyclopædia Britannica 2007 Encyclopædia Britannica 2007 Ultimate Reference Suite. Ultimate Reference Suite. Version: 2007.01.00.000000000Version: 2007.01.00.000000000

http://www.communities.gov.uk/http://www.communities.gov.uk/localgovernmenlocalgovernmen

http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Gtgl1/GuideToGovernment/Gtgl1/GuideToGovernment/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK http://www.number-10.gov.uk/http://www.number-10.gov.uk/

Encyclopædia Britannica 2007 Encyclopædia Britannica 2007 Ultimate Reference Suite. Ultimate Reference Suite. Version: 2007.01.00.000000000Version: 2007.01.00.000000000

http://www.communities.gov.uk/http://www.communities.gov.uk/localgovernmenlocalgovernmen

http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/http://www.direct.gov.uk/en/Gtgl1/GuideToGovernment/Gtgl1/GuideToGovernment/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UKhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UK http://www.number-10.gov.uk/http://www.number-10.gov.uk/